scholarly journals Circadian control of lung inflammation in influenza infection

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaon Sengupta ◽  
Soon Yew Tang ◽  
Jill Devine ◽  
Soumyashant Nayak ◽  
Shirley Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Endogenous Rhythms ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Respiratory Mortality ◽  
Viral Responses ◽  
Host Tolerance

AbstractInfluenza is a leading cause of respiratory mortality and morbidity. While inflammation is necessary for fighting infection, a fine balance of anti-viral defense and host tolerance is necessary for recovery. Circadian rhythms have been known to modulate inflammation. However, the importance of diurnal variability in the timing of influenza infection is not well understood. Here we demonstrate that endogenous rhythms influence the cellular response to infection in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), the pulmonary transcriptomic profile and lesional histology. This time dependent variability does not reflect alterations in viral replication. Rather, we found that better time-dependent outcomes were associated with a preponderance of NK and NKT cells and lower proportion of monocytes in the lung. Thus, host tolerance, rather than viral burden underlies the diurnal gating of influenza induced lung injury.Significance statementOur work demonstrates the importance of circadian rhythms in influenza infection --a condition with significant public health implications. Our findings, which establish the role of the circadian rhythms in maintaining the balance between host tolerance pathways and anti-viral responses confers a new framework for evaluating the relevance of circadian influences on immunity.

scholarly journals Circadian control of lung inflammation in influenza infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaon Sengupta ◽  
Soon Y. Tang ◽  
Jill C. Devine ◽  
Seán T. Anderson ◽  
Soumyashant Nayak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Endogenous Rhythms ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Respiratory Mortality ◽  
Inflammatory Monocytes ◽  
Mouse Mutants ◽  
Circadian Control ◽  
Host Tolerance

Abstract Influenza is a leading cause of respiratory mortality and morbidity. While inflammation is essential for fighting infection, a balance of anti-viral defense and host tolerance is necessary for recovery. Circadian rhythms have been shown to modulate inflammation. However, the importance of diurnal variability in the timing of influenza infection is not well understood. Here we demonstrate that endogenous rhythms affect survival in influenza infection. Circadian control of influenza infection is mediated by enhanced inflammation as proven by increased cellularity in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), pulmonary transcriptomic profile and histology and is not attributable to viral burden. Better survival is associated with a time dependent preponderance of NK and NKT cells and lower proportion of inflammatory monocytes in the lung. Further, using a series of genetic mouse mutants, we elucidate cellular mechanisms underlying circadian gating of influenza infection.

The acute effects of fine particles on respiratory mortality and morbidity in Beijing, 2004–2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 6433-6444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Li ◽  
Jinyuan Xin ◽  
Yuesi Wang ◽  
Shigong Wang ◽  
Guoxing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Particles ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Respiratory Mortality

scholarly journals 2628. Nasopharyngeal Microbiome in the First Weeks of Life Distinguishes Infants Who Subsequently Develop Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S917-S917
Author(s):  
Rotem Lapidot ◽  
Tyler Faits ◽  
Ismail Arshad ◽  
Allam Mushal ◽  
William Macleod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Respiratory Mortality ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Colonization of the nasopharynx (NP) is the initial event in the pathogenesis of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). Evidence is accumulating that the NP microbiome influences host immune responses and whether colonization progresses to disease or not. We hypothesized that infants who experience LRTI early in life display distinct NP microbiome characteristics prior to infection, and potentially as early as the newborn period. Methods As part of the “Southern Africa Mother Infant Pertussis Study” in Zambia, NP samples were prospectively collected approximately every 2 weeks beginning at birth, through 3 months of age, in conjunction with clinical data. Samples were also collected when an infant experienced respiratory symptoms. We identified infants from the cohort with LRTI and matched with asymptomatic controls. We performed 16S ribosomal DNA amplicon sequencing on DNA extracted from the NP samples using Illumina MiSeq, and analyzed the data using Qiime2 and PathoScope2. We described the NP microbiome characteristics of asymptomatic infants and infants with LRTI and their changes over time and compared between the two populations at each 2-week interval using the R package DESeq2. Results Ten infants who had LRTI during the study period were matched with 17 healthy asymptomatic controls, together contributing 183 samples with high-quality reads. In asymptomatic infants, Dolosigranulum, Haemophilus and Moraxella’s relative abundance increased over the first 3 months of life, while Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus relative abundance decreased in the NP microbiome (Figure 1). In contrast, infants who developed LRTI had increased abundance of Staphylococcus, Anaerobacillus, and Bacillus, and decreased relative abundance of Dolosigranulum and Moraxella compared with asymptomatic controls (Figure 2). These differences were already present at the time of first sample collection (age 1 week). Conclusion Infants who develop LRTI early in life demonstrate altered NP microbial composition as early as the first week of life. These differences could potentially lead to early identification of at-risk infants. If confirmed, interventions to prevent LRTI in infancy could be evaluated to reduce respiratory mortality and morbidity. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Screening and Identification of Small Molecule Compounds Perturbing Mitosis Using Time-Dependent Cellular Response Profiles

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (15) ◽  
pp. 6495-6503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Ke ◽  
Biao Xi ◽  
Peifang Ye ◽  
Wanhong Xu ◽  
Min Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecule ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Response Profiles

Cytotoxicity assessment based on the AUC50 using multi-concentration time-dependent cellular response curves

2013 ◽  
Vol 764 ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianhong Pan ◽  
Biao Huang ◽  
Weiping Zhang ◽  
Stephan Gabos ◽  
Dorothy Yu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assessment

scholarly journals The Role of Colony Temperature in the Entrainment of Circadian Rhythms of Honey Bee Foragers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel A. Giannoni-Guzmán ◽  
Emmanuel Rivera ◽  
Janpierre Aleman-Rios ◽  
Alexander M. Melendez Moreno ◽  
Melina Perez Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Temperature Oscillation ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Endogenous Rhythms ◽  
Honey Bee Foragers

AbstractHoney bees utilize their circadian rhythms to accurately predict the time of day. This ability allows foragers to remember the specific timing of food availability and its location for several days. Previous studies have provided strong evidence toward light/dark cycles being the primary Zeitgeber for honey bees. Recent work in our laboratory described large individual variation in the endogenous period length of honey bee foragers from the same colony and differences in the endogenous rhythms under different constant temperatures. In this study, we further this work by examining temperature inside the honey bee colony. By placing temperature and light data loggers at different locations inside the colony we uncovered that temperature oscillates with a 24-hour period at the periphery of the colony. We then simulated this temperature oscillation in the laboratory and found that using the temperature cycle as a Zeitgeber, foragers present large individual differences in the phase of locomotor rhythms with respect to temperature. Moreover, foragers successfully entrain to these simulated temperature cycles and advancing the cycle by six hours, resulted in changes in the phase of locomotor activity for the most foragers in the assay. The results shown in this study highlight the importance of temperature as a potential Zeitgeber in the field. Future studies will examine the possible functional and evolutionary role of the observed phase differences of circadian rhythms.

Interactions Between Sleep, Other Body Rhythms, Immune Responses, and Exercise

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy J. Shephard ◽  
Pang N. Shek
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Biological Rhythms ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Endogenous Rhythms ◽  
Circannual Cycles ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Key Words Circadian ◽  
And Control

Biological rhythms can influence both exercise tolerance and immune function. Most studies have focussed upon circadian rhythms, but some circaseptan, circatrigintan, and circannual cycles have also been described. Rhythms may have an endogenous or an exogenous basis. Endogenous rhythms originate in the cells of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Impulses from this region pass to the pineal gland, where they regulate the production of melatonin, a compound that modulates the sleep/wakefulness cycle. Endocrine, physiological, and psychological parameters all show evidence of periodicity. Most components of the immune system, both cellular and humoral, also show large rhythmic changes. It is not yet clear how far such periodicity is secondary to changes in other body systems. Nevertheless, the magnitude of variation is such that it is vital to obtain experimental and control data at identical time points in both acute and chronic studies of exercise and immune function. Disturbance of the sleep/wakefulness cycle can constitute a form of stress, with adverse consequence for immune function. Key words: circadian rhythms, cytokines, hormones, hypothalamus, leukocytes, melatonin

Mode of action classification of chemicals using multi-concentration time-dependent cellular response profiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhankun Xi ◽  
Swanand Khare ◽  
Aaron Cheung ◽  
Biao Huang ◽  
Tianhong Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Action Classification ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Response Profiles
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