scholarly journals A search for snail-related answers to explain differences in response ofSchistosoma mansonito praziquantel treatment among responding and persistent hotspot villages along the Kenyan shore of Lake Victoria

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Mutuku ◽  
M. R. Laidemitt ◽  
B. R. Beechler ◽  
I. N. Mwangi ◽  
F. O. Otiato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
Repeated Treatment ◽  
The West ◽  
Schistosomiasis Control ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Praziquantel Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Winam Gulf

AbstractFollowing a four-year annual praziquantel treatment campaign the resulting prevalence ofS. mansoniwas seen to differ among individual villages along the Kenyan shore of Lake Victoria. We have investigated possible inherent differences in snail-related aspects of transmission among such 10 villages, including six persistent hotspot (PHS) villages (≤30% reduction in prevalence following repeated treatments) located along the west-facing shore of the lake, and four PZQ-responding (RESP) villages (>30% prevalence reduction following repeated treatment) along Winam Gulf. When taking into account all sampling sites and times and water hyacinth presence/absence, shoreline-associatedB. sudanicafrom PHS and RESP villages did not differ in relative abundance or prevalence ofS. mansoniinfection. Water hyacinth intrusions were associated with increasedB. sudanicaabundance. The deeper water snailBiomphalaria choanomphalawas significantly more abundant in the PHS villages and prevalence ofS. mansoniamong villages both before and after control was positively correlated withB. choanomphalaabundance. Worm recoveries from sentinel mice did not differ between PHS and RESP villages, and abundance of non-schistosome trematode species was not associated withS. mansoniabundance.Biomphalaria choanomphalaprovides an alternative, deepwater mode of transmission that may favor greater persistence ofS. mansoniin PHS villages. As we found evidence for ongoingS. mansonitransmission in all 10 villages, we conclude conditions conducive for transmission and reinfection occur ubiquitously. This argues for an integrated, basin-wide plan for schistosomiasis control to counteract rapid reinfections facilitated by large snail populations and movements of infected people around the lake.

scholarly journals Carpet Characteristics of Eichhornia Crassipes [Mart.] Solms (Water hyacinth) in the Winam Gulf (Lake Victoria, Kenya)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 279-287
Author(s):  
George T Opande ◽  
Wagai S Otieno ◽  
Onyango J Charles ◽  
David M Musyimi
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Winam Gulf

Water hyacinth ( Eichhornia crassipes ) infestation cycle and interactions with nutrients and aquatic biota in Winam Gulf (Kenya), Lake Victoria

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Otieno ◽  
Hilda Nyaboke ◽  
Chrisphine Sangara Nyamweya ◽  
Cyprian Ogombe Odoli ◽  
Christopher Mulanda Aura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Aquatic Biota ◽  
Winam Gulf

Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) infestation, interactions with nutrients, aquatic biota and a control weevil in Winam Gulf, Lake Victoria, Kenya

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENNIS OTIENO ◽  
Nyaboke Hilda ◽  
Nyamweya Chrispine ◽  
Cyprian Odoli ◽  
Christopher Aura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
R Package ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Winam Gulf ◽  
The Government

Lake Victoria just like many other lakes is affected by water hyacinth which resides in several bays for the better part of the year. This weed affects several economic activities of the locals and denies the government revenue every year from blue economic activities related to the lake. This paper explores the interaction of water hyacinth with biotic and abiotic factor and the efficiency of the introduced weevils in its control with an aim of advising on the best way to tackle the menace of the weed. Water quality samples were collected and compared from the time of water hyacinth arrival and sinking within Winam gulf. Water hyacinth was collected and damages resulting from the weevils as well as the number of weevils recorded. Fish samples were also collected using experimental gill nets. Water quality was analyzed for Ammonium, Soluble Reactive Phosphorus, Nitrates and Nitrates. Data was then analyzed using R- package. Results indicated that the weevils inhibits nutrient uptake by17% within the first four weeks, hyacinth increase the nutrient levels in the gulf almost three fold after decaying and sinking. Weevils also increased the sinking rate of water hyacinth through destruction of the petioles and leaves. There was a significantly higher fish numbers during the weed infestation than when the weed was absent. In conclusion water hyacinth impacts both biotic and abiotic factor and the weevils alone cannot be depended upon to eradicate the weed.

Interaction of water hyacinth with biotic and abiotic factor and the biological agents efficiencies in its control in Winam gulf, lake Victoria Kenya

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENNIS OTIENO ◽  
Dickson Owage ◽  
John Ouko ◽  
James Achiya ◽  
Josephat Mwanchi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Biotic Factor ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Winam Gulf ◽  
The Government

Lake Victoria just like many lakes across the world is effected with water hyacinth which resides in several bays for the better part of the year thus affect several economic activities of the locals and denies the government revenue every year from blue economic activities related to the lake. This paper explores the Interaction of water hyacinth with biotic and a biotic factor and the efficiency of the introduced biological agents (Neochetina eichhorniae and N. bruchi) in its control with an aim of advising on the best way to tackle the menace of the weed. Water quality samples were collected and compared from the time of water hyacinth arrival and sinking within winum gulf, this was divided in three phase, the hyacinth was collected and damages resulting from the weevils recorded. Fish samples were also collected using experimental gill nets and number recorded in Ms excel during the presence and absence of the weed. Water quality was analyzed for ammonium, SRP, nitrates and nitrates using SOP. The weevils were counted manually from each hyacinth collected and the data recorded. Data was then analyzed using R-data analysis at P<0.05 and post hock test to determine significance where applicable. Results indicated that the weevils inhibits nutrient uptake by17% within four weeks, hyacinth increase the nutrient levels in the gulf almost three fold after decaying and sinking and a notable interaction with biotic and a biota factor was also recorded. In conclusion water hyacinth impacts both biotic and a biotic factor and the weevils alone can not be depended upon to eradicate the weed.

scholarly journals Droperidol dropped; consultants not consulted

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (08) ◽  
pp. 301-304
Author(s):  
Gavin Reid ◽  
Mark Hughson
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
The West ◽  
Abrupt Withdrawal ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Adequate Evaluation ◽  
Psychiatric Profession ◽  
The Impact

Aims and Method We conducted a postal questionnaire survey of the practice of rapid tranquillisation among 215 consultant psychiatrists in the West of Scotland, before and after the withdrawal of droperidol by the manufacturer. Results One hundred and eighty questionnaires (84% of those sent) were returned. Droperidol had been used extensively, often combined with lorazepam, for rapid tranquillisation. The main replacement suggested for droperidol was haloperidol. About half of the respondents to our survey chose to comment on the withdrawal of droperidol. More than half of the comments were unfavourable, including lack of an adequate replacement and lack of consultation with the psychiatric profession. Clinical Implications The abrupt withdrawal of droperidol, partly for commercial reasons, was regrettable. There was no time for an adequate evaluation of possible replacement medications and a lack of consultation with the profession regarding the impact on clinical care.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document