scholarly journals Free-ranging dogs understand human intentions and adjust their behavioral responses accordingly

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debottam Bhattacharjee ◽  
Shubhra Sau ◽  
Anindita Bhadra
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Behavioral Plasticity ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Food Provisioning ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Social Communicative ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTDomestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) are remarkably sensitive and responsive while interacting with humans. Pet dogs are known to have social skills and abilities to display situation-specific responses, but there is lack of information regarding free-ranging dogs which constitute majority of the world’s dog population. Free-ranging dogs found in most of the developing countries interact constantly with familiar and unfamiliar humans receiving both positive and negative behavior. Thus, understanding human intentions and subsequent behavioral adjustments are crucial for dogs that share habitats with humans. Here we subjected free-ranging dogs to different human social communicative cues (friendly and threatening – low and high), followed by a food provisioning phase and tested their responsiveness. Dogs exhibited higher proximity seeking behavior as a reaction to friendly gesture whereas, they were prompted to maintain distance depending on the impact of the threatening cues. Interestingly, only the high-impact threatening showed to have a persistent effect which also remained during the subsequent food provisioning phase. An elevated approach in the food provisioning phase elicited the dependency of free-ranging dogs on humans for sustenance. Our findings suggest that free-ranging dogs demonstrate behavioral plasticity on interacting with humans; which provides significant insights into the establishment of the dog-human relationship on streets.

scholarly journals Contributions on the diet of free-ranging dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) in the Nevado de Toluca Flora and Fauna Protection Area, Estado de México, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (0) ◽  
pp. 923495
Author(s):  
Edgar Carrasco-Román ◽  
Juan Pablo Medina ◽  
Celene Salgado-Miranda ◽  
Edgardo Soriano-Vargas ◽  
Jessica Mariana Sánchez-Jasso
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Protection Area ◽  
Nevado De Toluca ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Evaluating FIDO: Developing and pilot testing the Field Instantaneous Dog Observation tool

2017 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy E. Bauer ◽  
Mary Jordan ◽  
Monica Colon ◽  
Traci Shreyer ◽  
Candace C. Croney
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Pilot Testing ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Commercial Breeding ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Canine Behavior

Field assessments of the health and welfare of kenneled dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) must be both accurate and rapid. In order to facilitate such evaluations, especially by individuals with limited training in canine behavior and welfare, a non-invasive tool was developed and pilot-tested utilizing dogs housed in commercial breeding facilities. Behavioral responses to approach were organized into three categories: red, indicating a fearful response to approach, green, indicating an affiliative or neutral response to approach, and yellow, indicating an ambivalent response to approach. The inter-rater reliability (IRR) of the tool when used by both behavioral experts and novice raters was evaluated with and without the presence of the dog’s familiar caretaker. Utilizing Cohen’s kappa, the experts had almost perfect levels of agreement (kappa=0.87). The novice raters had substantial levels of agreement (kappa=0.74). Overall, the dogs assessed by the novice raters had high proportions of green responses to approach and there was no statistically significant effect of caretaker presence on the proportion of green responses to approach. The assessment tool evaluated herein appears to have a high degree of IRR whether used by experts in canine behavior or by novice raters and may be a useful screening tool to determine the need for more in-depth welfare assessments.         

The potential of urinary metabolites of plant compounds as indicators of botanical composition of the diet of goats

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 146-146
Author(s):  
B. L. Keir ◽  
R. W. Mayes ◽  
E. R. Ørskov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Compounds ◽  
Heterogeneous Vegetation

Knowledge of the nutrition of free-ranging herbivores and the impact on their environment is often limited by lack of information concerning the botanical composition of their diets. For herbivores grazing heterogeneous vegetation environments, current methods for estimating the botanical composition of their diets are limited in their scope and accuracy. The purpose of this study was to establish whether urinary metabolites, occurring as a result of ingestion of different individual plant species, have the potential to be used as markers to estimate diet composition.

Practice makes perfect: familiarity of task determines success in solvable tasks for free-ranging dogs (Canis lupus familiaris)

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debottam Bhattacharjee ◽  
Sandipan Dasgupta ◽  
Arpita Biswas ◽  
Jayshree Deheria ◽  
Shreya Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals ‘Bolder’ together — response to human social cues in groups of free-ranging dogs

Behaviour ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 157 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 363-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debottam Bhattacharjee ◽  
Shubhra Sau ◽  
Anindita Bhadra
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Human Animal ◽  
Free Ranging

Abstract In urban environments, humans are a part of an interaction network of several species, impacting them directly or indirectly. The positive, negative and neutral components of such impact can be assessed by studying human-animal interactions in various habitats. While studies have shown animals’ reactions to specific human social cues, information is lacking on how animals respond to such cues in the presence and absence of conspecifics. We investigated the behavioural responses of free-ranging dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) towards various human social cues (neutral, friendly, low- and high-impact threatening) when presented to groups. We used previously published data on dogs’ reactions to identical cues when presented solitarily, and compared them with the group-level responses. Our results strengthen the idea of situation-relevant responsiveness in free-ranging dogs. Dogs in groups exhibited higher approach and less avoidance towards the unfamiliar human experimenter, especially towards the threatening cues, compared to dogs tested alone.

The function of play bows in Canis lupus and its variants: a comparison of dingo (Canis lupus dingo), dog (Canis lupus familiaris) and wolf puppies (Canis lupus)

Behaviour ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-388
Author(s):  
Sarah-Elizabeth Byosiere ◽  
Julia Espinosa ◽  
Bradley P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Stereotyped Behaviour ◽  
Domestic Dog ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Play Behaviour ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Play bows represent a common, highly stereotyped behaviour across the genus Canis. However, much of what we know is limited to the wolf and its domestic derivative, the domestic dog. Here we continue to look at the function of play bows among subspecies/variants of Canis lupus by including the dingo. Comparing dingoes to wolves and dogs may provide further insight into the impact of domestication on play behaviour. We analysed play bows in three-to-six month old dingo puppies and compared the results to previous studies of wolves and dogs. The function of play bows in dingoes appears consistent with those observed in dogs and wolf puppies. However, subtle intraspecific differences (such as the frequency and duration of play bows, and vocalizations during play) were apparent, and warrant further investigation in the genus Canis, as well as the Family Canidae more broadly.

The immediate impact of 1080 aerial baiting to control wild dogs on a spotted-tailed quoll population

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Körtner ◽  
Peter Watson
Keyword(s):  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Canis Lupus Familiaris ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Wild Dog ◽  
Control Association ◽  
Wild Dogs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Track Counts

In eastern Australia, the spotted-tailed quoll (Dasyurus maculatus) is the species thought to be most likely at risk from aerial baiting with compound 1080 to control wild dogs (Canis lupus familiaris and C. l. dingo). Although it is known that quolls occasionally die of 1080 poisoning, the broader impact on populations remains unresolved. We therefore assessed the impact of a regular aerial baiting campaign on a population of spotted-tailed quolls. Baiting with 1080 meat baits was conducted by the local Wild Dog Control Association and followed the same procedure as in previous years with the exception that the biomarker, rhodamine B, was added to the baits. Prior to the baiting, 36 quolls were trapped and fitted with mortality radio-collars; 31 of these collars were still functional at the time of baiting. Quolls were monitored from a helicopter and on the ground until retrapped 5–9 weeks after baiting. Transmitters were then removed and a sample of vibrissae was taken for rhodamine B analysis. Carcasses found were analysed for 1080. Predator numbers were assessed before and after baiting using track pads across trails. Among the initial 36 radio-collared quolls, nine mortalities were recorded during the course of the study (seven after baiting). Only one of the nine deaths could be directly attributed to 1080 poisoning. In addition, vibrissae from five of the 35 individuals sampled after baiting were marked with rhodamine B, indicating that these individuals had consumed bait, and survived. Consequently, mortality attributable to this particular aerial baiting campaign was low, apparently because few quolls ate bait and most of those that did survived. Track counts for predators indicated a significant decrease in dog and fox numbers after baiting. Cat activity remained unchanged and the number of quoll tracks increased.

The Impact of Universal Suicide-Prevention Programs on the Help-Seeking Attitudes and Behaviors of Youths

Crisis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie Klimes-Dougan ◽  
David A. Klingbeil ◽  
Sarah J. Meller
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Universal Prevention ◽  
Help Seeking Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicide Prevention Programs ◽  
The Impact

Background: While the ultimate goal of adolescent suicide-prevention efforts is to decrease the incidence of death by suicide, a critical intermediary goal is directing youths toward effective sources of assistance. Aim: To comprehensively review the universal prevention literature and examine the effects of universal prevention programs on student’s attitudes and behaviors related to help-seeking. Method: We systematically reviewed studies that assessed help-seeking outcomes including prevention efforts utilizing (1) psychoeducational curricula, (2) gatekeeper training, and (3) public service messaging directed at youths. Of the studies reviewed, 17 studies evaluated the help-seeking outcomes. These studies were identified through a range of sources (e.g., searching online databases, examining references of published articles on suicide prevention). Results: The results of this review suggest that suicide-prevention programming has a limited impact on help-seeking behavior. Although there was some evidence that suicide-prevention programs had a positive impact on students’ help-seeking attitudes and behaviors, there was also evidence of no effects or iatrogenic effects. Sex and risk status were moderators of program effects on students help-seeking. Conclusions: Caution is warranted when considering which suicidal prevention interventions best optimize the intended goals. The impact on adolescents’ help-seeking behavior is a key concern for educators and mental-health professionals.

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