scholarly journals DiverseEscherichia colilineages, from domestic animals and humans in a household, carry colistin resistance genemcr-1in Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Fernanda Loayza ◽  
Liseth Salinas ◽  
Fernando Villavicencio ◽  
Tamayo Rafael ◽  
Stephanie Salas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Pfge Pattern ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Peritoneal Infection

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the presence ofEscherichia colicarryingmcr-1gene in domestic animals close to a child who suffered a peritoneal infection by amcr-1positiveE. coli. Rectal or cloacal swabs and fecal samples from domestic animals were plated on selective media to isolate colistin-resistantE. coliand isolates were submitted to detection ofmcr-1gene, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), replicon typing and S1-PFGE. Fourmcr-1positiveE. coliisolates (from chicken, turkey and dog) were recovered. No shared PFGE pattern or MLST sequence type were observed among isolates. A 60Kb IncI1γmcr-1-carrying plasmid was detected in all isolates. Our results suggest thatmcr-1gene was horizontally disseminated amongst different lineages ofE. colifrom domestic animals in the child’s household.ImportanceHorizontally transferable colistin resistance (mcr-1 gene) is thought to have originated in domestic animals and transferred to humans through meat and dairy products. In the present report we show evidence that themcr-1 gene could be transferred to differentE. colistrains colonizing different hosts (humans and pets) in the same household.

scholarly journals Temporal Trend of ST131 Clone among Urinary Escherichia coli Isolates in the Community: A Taiwan National Surveillance from 2002 to 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Jiun-Ling Wang ◽  
Wen-Chien Ko ◽  
Chih-Hsin Hung ◽  
Ming-Fang Cheng ◽  
Hui-Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
Ciprofloxacin Resistance ◽  
Susceptible Group

Sequence type (ST) 131 is a multidrug-resistant pandemic lineage of E. coli responsible for extraintestinal infections. Few surveillance data of ST131 included all antimicrobial-susceptible and -resistant isolates or focused on community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI). From a population-based surveillance pool of 2997 outpatient urine E. coli isolates, 542 were selected for detection of ST131 based on ciprofloxacin and/or cefotaxime resistance. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed on all ST131 isolates to further determine their relatedness. The estimated overall ST131 prevalence in this community UTI cohort increased from 11.2% (in 2002–2004), 12.2% (in 2006–2008), 13.6% (in 2010–2012), to 17.4% in 2014–2016 (p < 0.01). In the ciprofloxacin-resistant/cefotaxime-resistant group, ST131 increased from 33.3% in 2002–2004 to 72.1% in 2014–2016 (p < 0.01). In the ciprofloxacin-resistant/cefotaxime-susceptible group, ST131 was found in 24.3% overall without significant increase in its prevalence over time. PFGE showed emergence of a cluster of ciprofloxacin-resistant/cefotaxime-resistant ST131 carrying Gr. 1 CTX-M ESBL in 2014–2016, especially 2016. Multivariate analysis revealed that age (≥65 y.o) and ciprofloxacin resistance were independent factors associated with ST131. This longitudinal surveillance showed that ciprofloxacin-resistant/cefotaxime-susceptible ST131 has been circulating in the community since 2002 but ciprofloxacin-resistant/cefotaxime-resistant ST131 increased rapidly in the later years.

scholarly journals Long-Term Care Facilities Are Reservoirs for Antimicrobial-Resistant Sequence Type 131 Escherichia coli

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary J. Burgess ◽  
James R. Johnson ◽  
Stephen B. Porter ◽  
Brian Johnston ◽  
Connie Clabots ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Term Care ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Care Facilities

Abstract Background.  Emerging data implicate long-term care facilities (LTCFs) as reservoirs of fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQ-R) Escherichia coli of sequence type 131 (ST131). We screened for ST131 among LTCF residents, characterized isolates molecularly, and identified risk factors for colonization. Methods.  We conducted a cross-sectional study using a single perianal swab or stool sample per resident in 2 LTCFs in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from April to July 2013. Confirmed FQ-R E. coli isolates underwent polymerase chain reaction-based phylotyping, detection of ST131 and its H30 and H30-Rx subclones, extended virulence genotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. Epidemiological data were collected from medical records. Results.  Of 133 fecal samples, 33 (25%) yielded FQ-R E. coli, 32 (97%) of which were ST131. The overall proportion with ST131 intestinal colonization was 32 of 133 (24%), which differed by facility: 17 of 41 (42%) in facility 1 vs 15 of 92 (16%) in facility 2 (P = .002). All ST131 isolates represented the H30 subclone, with virulence gene and PFGE profiles resembling those of previously described ST131 clinical isolates. By PFGE, certain isolates clustered both within and across LTCFs. Multivariable predictors of ST131 colonization included inability to sign consent (odds ratio [OR], 4.16 [P = .005]), decubitus ulcer (OR, 4.87 [ P = .04]), and fecal incontinence (OR, 2.59 [P = .06]). Conclusions.  Approximately one fourth of LTCF residents carried FQ-R ST131 E. coli resembling ST131 clinical isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis suggested intra- and interfacility transmission. The identified risk factors suggest that LTCF residents who require increased nursing care are at greatest risk for ST131 colonization, possibly due to healthcare-associated transmission.

scholarly journals Colistin resistance prevalence in Escherichia coli from domestic animals in intensive breeding farms of Jiangsu Province, China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
B. Zhang ◽  
Z. Yu ◽  
Y. Guo ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chromogenic Agar ◽  
Breeding Farms

AbstractThe global dissemination of colistin resistance has received a great deal of attention. Recently, the plasmid-mediated colistin resistance encoded by mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in Escherichia coli (E.coli) strains from animals, food, and patients in China have been reported continuously. To make clear the colisin resistance and mcr gene spread in domestic animals in Jiangsu Province, we collected fecael swabs from pigs, chicken and cattle at different age distributed in intensive feeding farms. The selected chromogenic agar and mcr-PCR were used to screen the colisin resistance and mcr gene carriage. Colistin resistant E.coli colonies were identified from 54.25 % (440/811) pig faecal swabs, from 35.96 % (443/1232) chicken faecal swabs, and 26.92 % (42/156) from cattle faecal swabs. Of all the colisin resistant E.coli colonies, the positive amplifications of mcr-1 were significantly higher than mcr-2. The mcr-1 prevalence was 68.86 % (303/440) in pigs, 87.58 % (388/443) in chicken, and 71.43 % (30/42), compared with 46.82 % (206/440) in pigs, 14.90 % (66/443) in chicken, and 19.05 % (8/42) in cattle of prevalence of mcr-2. Co-occurrence of mcr-1 and mcr-2 was identified in 20 % (88/440) in pigs, 7.22 % (32/443) in chickens, and in 9.52 % (4/42) cattle. These data indicate that mcr was the most important colistin resistance mechanism. Interventions and alternative options are necessary to minimise further dissemination of mcr between food-producing animals and human.IMPORTANCEColistin is recognized one of the last defence lines for the treatment of highly resistant bacteria, but the emergence of resistance that conferred by a transferable plasmid-mediated mcr genes to this vital antibiotic is extremely disturbing. Here, we used E. coli as an index to monitor drug resistance in domestic animals (pigs, chicken and cattle). It was found that the colistin resistance widely occurred at all ages of domestic animals and the mcr-dependent mechanism dominated in E.coli. We also found that the elder and adult animals were a reservoir of resistant strains, suggesting a potential food safety issue and greater public health problems.

scholarly journals Colistin-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolate harbouring the mcr-1 gene in Ecuador

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (14) ◽  
pp. 2967-2970 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. ORTEGA-PAREDES ◽  
P. BARBA ◽  
J. ZURITA
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Commensal Strain

SUMMARYColistin resistance mediated by the mcr-1 gene has been reported worldwide, but to date not from the Andean region, South America. We report the first clinical isolate of Escherichia coli harbouring the mcr-1 gene in Ecuador. The strain was isolated from peritoneal fluid from a 14-year-old male with acute appendicitis, and subjected to molecular analysis. The minimum inhibitory concentration of colistin for the strain was 8 mg/ml and it was susceptible to carbapenems but resistant to tigecycline. The strain harboured mcr-1 and blaCTX-M-55 genes and was of sequence type 609. The recognition of an apparently commensal strain of E. coli harbouring mcr-1 serves as an alert to the presence in the region of this recently described resistance mechanism to one of the last line of drugs available for the treatment of multi-resistant Gram-negative infections.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of Avian Escherichia coli Strain IHIT25637, an Extraintestinal Pathogenic E. coli Strain of ST131 Encoding Colistin Resistance Determinant MCR-1

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Ewers ◽  
Stephan Göttig ◽  
Maria Bülte ◽  
Sophie Fiedler ◽  
Manuela Tietgen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Resistance Determinant ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Expec Strain

Sequence type 131 (ST131) is one of the predominant Escherichia coli lineages among extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) that causes a variety of diseases in humans and animals and frequently shows multidrug resistance. Here, we report the first genome sequence of an ST131-ExPEC strain from poultry carrying the plasmid-encoded colistin resistance gene mcr-1 .

scholarly journals Detection of mcr-1 encoding plasmid-mediated colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from human bloodstream infection and imported chicken meat, Denmark 2015

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Hasman ◽  
Anette M. Hammerum ◽  
Frank Hansen ◽  
Rene S. Hendriksen ◽  
Bente Olesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Epidemic Spreading ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Spreading Sequence ◽  
Danish Patient

The plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, mcr-1, was detected in an Escherichia coli isolate from a Danish patient with bloodstream infection and in five E. coli isolates from imported chicken meat. One isolate from chicken meat belonged to the epidemic spreading sequence type ST131. In addition to IncI2*, an incX4 replicon was found to be linked to mcr-1. This report follows a recent detection of mcr-1 in E. coli from animals, food and humans in China.

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of CTX-M-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates at a Tertiary Medical Center in Western Pennsylvania

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 4733-4739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna E. Sidjabat ◽  
David L. Paterson ◽  
Jennifer M. Adams-Haduch ◽  
Lindsay Ewan ◽  
Anthony W. Pasculle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
The Other ◽  
E Coli ◽  
M 14

ABSTRACT A combination of phenotypic and genotypic methods was used to investigate 70 unique Escherichia coli clinical isolates identified as producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) at a medical center in Pittsburgh, PA, between 2007 and 2008. Fifty-seven isolates (81%) produced CTX-M-type ESBLs, among which CTX-M-15 was predominant (n = 46). Isolates producing CTX-M-2, -9, -14, and -65 were also identified. One CTX-M-producing isolate coproduced CMY-2 cephalosporinase. Ten isolates (14%) produced SHV-type ESBLs, either SHV-5 or SHV-7. Two isolates produced only CMY-2 or -32. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of two major clusters of CTX-M-15-producing E. coli isolates, one in phylotype B2 (n = 15) and the other in phylotype A (n = 19). Of four phylotype B2 isolates that were able to transfer the bla CTX-M-15-carrying plasmids, three showed fingerprints related (>60%) to those of plasmids from phylotype A isolates. In phylotype B2, all CTX-M-15-producing isolates, as well as three isolates producing CTX-M-14, two producing SHV-5, and one producing SHV-7, belonged to the international epidemic clone defined by serotype O25:H4 and sequence type 131. The plasmids from eight of nine CTX-M-15-producing E. coli isolates of phylotype A that were examined were highly related to each other and were also found in two isolates belonging to phylotype D, suggesting horizontal transfer of this bla CTX-M-15-carrying plasmid between phylotypes. Our findings underscore the need to further investigate the epidemiology and virulence of CTX-M-producing E. coli in the United States.

Antimicrobial Effects of Zataria multiflora and Ocimum basilicum on Escherichia coli O157:H7 During Ripening of Traditional Lighvan Cheese

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-380
Author(s):  
Mohammad B. Zendeh ◽  
Vadood Razavilar ◽  
Hamid Mirzaei ◽  
Khosrow Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Zataria Multiflora ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Lighvan Cheese

Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one of the most common causes of contamination in Lighvan cheese processing. Using from natural antimicrobial essential oils is applied method to decrease the rate of microbial contamination of dairy products. The present investigation was done to study the antimicrobial effects of Z. multiflora and O. basilicum essential oils on survival of E. coli O157:H7 during ripening of traditional Lighvan cheese. Methods: Leaves of the Z. multiflora and O. basilicum plants were subjected to the Clevenger apparatus. Concentrations of 0, 100 and 200 ppm of the Z. multiflora and 0, 50 and 100 ppm of O. basilicum essential oils and also 103 and 105 cfu/ml numbers of E. coli O157:H7 were used. The numbers of the E. coli O157:H7 bacteria were analyzed during the days 0, 30, 60 and 90 of the ripening period. Results: Z. multiflora and O. basilicum essential oils had considerable antimicrobial effects against E. coli O157:H7. Using the essential oils caused decrease in the numbers of E. coli O157:H7 bacteria in 90th days of ripening (P <0.05). Using from Z. multiflora at concentration of 200 ppm can reduce the survival of E. coli O157:H7 in Lighvan cheese. Conclusion: Using Z. multiflora and O. basilicum essential oils as good antimicrobial agents can reduce the risk of foodborne bacteria and especially E. coli O157:H7 in food products.

scholarly journals Regulatory Influence of Galanin and GALR1/GALR2 Receptors on Inflamed Uterus Contractility in Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6415
Author(s):  
Barbara Jana ◽  
Jarosław Całka ◽  
Bartosz Miciński
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Regulatory Influence ◽  
Pretreatment Period ◽  
Uterine Inflammation ◽  
Myometrial Contractility

Uterine inflammation is a very common and serious pathology in domestic animals, the development and progression of which often result from disturbed myometrial contractility. We investigated the effect of inflammation on the protein expression of galanin (GAL) receptor subtypes (GALR)1 and GALR2 in myometrium and their role in the contractile amplitude and frequency of an inflamed gilt uterus. The gilts of the E. coli and SAL groups received E. coli suspension or saline in their uteri, respectively, and only laparotomy was performed (CON group). Eight days later, the E. coli group developed severe acute endometritis and lowered GALR1 protein expression in the myometrium. Compared to the pretreatment period, GAL (10−7 M) reduced the amplitude and frequency in myometrium and endometrium/myometrium of the CON and SAL groups, the amplitude in both stripes and frequency in endometrium/myometrium of the E. coli group. In this group, myometrial frequency after using GAL increased, and it was higher than in other groups. GALR2 antagonist diminished the decrease in amplitude in myometrium and the frequency in endometrium/myometrium (SAL, E. coli groups) induced by GAL (10−7 M). GALR1/GALR2 antagonist and GAL (10−7 M) reversed the decrease in amplitude and diminished the decrease in frequency in both examined stripes (CON, SAL groups), and diminished the drop in amplitude and abolished the rise in the frequency in the myometrium (E. coli group). In summary, the inflammation reduced GALR1 protein expression in pig myometrium, and GALR1 and GALR2 participated in the contractile regulation of an inflamed uterus.

scholarly journals Mobile Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 Detected on an IncI2 Plasmid in Salmonella Typhimurium Sequence Type 19 from a Healthy Pig in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Dong Chan Moon ◽  
Su-Jeong Kim ◽  
Abraham Fikru Mechesso ◽  
Hee Young Kang ◽  
Hyun-Ju Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Additional Resistance ◽  
Food Animals

Colistin is considered the last resort for the treatment of multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. We studied colistin resistance and the mcr-1 gene carriage in Salmonella isolates recovered from food animals in South Korea between 2010 and 2018. Colistin resistance was found in 277 isolates, predominantly in Salmonella Enteritidis (57.1%) and Salmonella Gallinarum (41.9%). However, the mcr-1 gene was identified in only one colistin-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium (MIC = 16 µg/mL) isolated from a healthy pig. The mcr-1 carrying isolate presented additional resistance to multiple antimicrobials. The strain belonged to sequence type (ST)19 and carried various virulence factor genes that are associated with adhesion and invasion of Salmonella into intestinal epithelial cells, as well as its survival in macrophages. The mcr-1 gene was identified on an IncI2 plasmid and it was also transferred to the E. coli J53 recipient strain. The mcr-1-carrying plasmid (pK18JST013) in this study was closely related to that previously reported in S. Indiana (pCFSA664-3) from chicken in China. This is the first report of mcr-1 carrying S. Typhimurium in South Korea. The finding indicates the importance of regular screening for the presence of the mcr-1 gene in S. Typhimurium in food animals to prevent the spread to humans.

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