scholarly journals NADP-dependent malic enzyme 1 participates in the abscisic acid response in Arabidopsis thaliana

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia L. Arias ◽  
Tatiana Pavlovic ◽  
Giuliana Torcolese ◽  
Mariana B. Badia ◽  
Mauro Gismondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Mature Seeds

AbstractArabidopsis thaliana possesses three cytosolic (NADP-ME1-3) and one plastidic (NADP-ME4) NADP-dependent malic enzymes. NADP-ME2 and-ME4 show constitutive expression, in contrast to NADP-ME1 and-ME3, which are restricted to particular tissues. Here, we show that NADP-ME1 transcript and protein were almost undetectable during normal vegetative growth, but gradually increased and reached levels higher than those of the other isoforms in the latest stages of seed development. Accordingly, in knockout nadp-me1 mature seeds the total NADP-ME activity was significantly lower than in wild type mature seeds. The phenotypic analysis of nadp-me1 plants indicated alterations of seed viability and germination. Besides, the treatment with abscisic acid (ABA), NaCl and mannitol specifically induced the accumulation of NADP-ME1 in seedlings. In line with this, nadp-me1 plants show a weaker response of primary and lateral root length and stomatal opening to the presence of ABA.The results suggest that NADP-ME1 plays a specialized role, linked to ABA signalling during the seed development as well as in the response to saline and osmotic stress.

scholarly journals NADP-Dependent Malic Enzyme 1 Participates in the Abscisic Acid Response in Arabidopsis thaliana

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia L. Arias ◽  
Tatiana Pavlovic ◽  
Giuliana Torcolese ◽  
Mariana B. Badia ◽  
Mauro Gismondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Malic Enzyme

Induction of dormancy during seed development by endogenous abscisic acid: studies on abscisic acid deficient genotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.

Planta ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Karssen ◽  
D. L. C. Brinkhorst-van der Swan ◽  
A. E. Breekland ◽  
M. Koornneef
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Endogenous Abscisic Acid

scholarly journals Overexpression of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) PaRAP2.1 Promotes Fatty Acid Accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Weihong Ma ◽  
Xiaoping Zang ◽  
Yuanzheng Liu ◽  
Lixia Wang ◽  
Jiashui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation ◽  
Avocado Fruit ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Mature Seeds

Fatty acids in avocado fruit (Persea americana Mill.) are vital composition affecting flavour and nutritive value. Hence, horticulturalists are interested in illustrating the functions of transcription factors on fatty acid accumulation in avocado fruit. In the present study, the APETALA2/ethylene-responsive transcription factor gene, PaRAP2.1, was cloned from avocado mesocarp, and the subcellular localization demonstrated that PaRAP2.1 was located in the cytoplasm and nucleus. The PaRAP2.1 was introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Furthermore, PaRAP2.1 were functionally verified its effect on fatty acid biosynthesis. Histological analyses of lipid droplets displayed that the striking difference in the lipid droplets in the mature seeds between PaRAP2.1-overexpressing transgenic and wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana lines were revealed based on confocal microscopy images. Subsequently, fatty acid analyses of PaRAP2.1-overexpressing Arabidopsis thaliana lines displayed the significantly higher contents of fatty acids than those in the wild-type plants. Meanwhile, expression amount of ten genes involving in fatty acid biosynthesis dramatically up-regulated in the mature seeds of PaRAP2.1-overexpressing lines than those of wild-type plants. These results provide a theoretical basis for future research in regard to the function of PaRAP2.1 on fatty acid biosynthesis.

Reduction of root flavonoid level and its potential involvement in lateral root emergence in Arabidopsis thaliana grown under low phosphate supply

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huixia Yang ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Juanjuan Feng ◽  
Huanju Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Potential Function ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Knockout Mutant ◽  
Phosphate Supply ◽  
Pi Deficiency ◽  
Flavonoid Accumulation

Although it is well known that phosphate (Pi) deficiency affects flavonoid accumulation in higher plants, knowledge on the regulation and potential function of flavonoids in the plants grown with low Pi supply is lacking. In this work, we found that low Pi treatment caused significant reduction of root flavonoid (e.g. quercetin, kaempferol and their derivatives) levels in both Columbia (Col-0) and Landsberg erecta (Ler) ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Further investigations revealed that the dysfunction of PHR1, PHO1, PHO2 and NPC4 did not affect the decrease of root flavonoid level by low Pi treatment. In contrast, pldζ2, a knockout mutant of the Arabidopsis phospholipase Dζ2, exhibited defects in the reduction of root flavonoid level and lateral root (LR) emergence under low Pi conditions. When grown under low Pi supply, the transport of auxin from the shoot apex into the root, expression of the auxin responsive DR5::GUS marker and induction of the auxin responsive genes were all significantly less efficient in pldζ2 than in wild-type (WT) control. This is the first report on the reduction of root flavonoid level and its likely contribution to increased LR emergence in Arabidopsis under Pi deficiency conditions, which may facilitate the adaptation of plants to the growth environments with poor Pi availability.

scholarly journals Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana

2020 ◽  
pp. jbc.RA120.014543
Author(s):  
Jordan M. Chapman ◽  
Gloria K. Muday
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Root Primordia ◽  
Lateral Root Primordia ◽  
Lateral Root Development ◽  
Genes Encoding

Flavonoids are a class of specialized metabolites with subclasses including flavonols and anthocyanins, which have unique properties as antioxidants. Flavonoids modulate plant development, but whether and how they impact lateral root development is unclear. We examined potential roles for flavonols in this process using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with defects in genes encoding key enzymes in flavonoid biosynthesis. We observed the tt4 and fls1 mutants, which produce no flavonols, have increased lateral root emergence. The tt4 root phenotype was reversed by genetic and chemical complementation. To more specifically define the flavonoids involved, we tested an array of flavonoid biosynthetic mutants, eliminating roles for anthocyanins and the flavonols quercetin and isorhamnetin in modulating root development. Instead, two tt7 mutant alleles, with defects in a branchpoint enzyme blocking quercetin biosynthesis, formed reduced numbers of lateral roots, and tt7-2 had elevated levels of kaempferol. Using a flavonol-specific dye, we observed that in the tt7-2 mutant, kaempferol accumulated within lateral root primordia at higher levels than wild-type. These data are consistent with kaempferol, or downstream derivatives, acting as a negative regulator of lateral root emergence. We examined ROS accumulation using ROS-responsive probes and found reduced fluorescence of a superoxide-selective probe within the primordia of tt7-2 compared to wild type, but not in the tt4 mutant, consistent with opposite effects of these mutants on lateral root emergence. These results support a model in which increased level of kaempferol in the lateral root primordia of tt7-2 reduces superoxide concentration and ROS-stimulated lateral root emergence.

scholarly journals Involvement of abscisic acid, ABI5, and PPC2 in plant acclimation to low CO2

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (14) ◽  
pp. 4093-4108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei You ◽  
Jumei Zhang ◽  
Long Li ◽  
Chuanlei Xiao ◽  
Xinhua Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Growth Arrest ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
C3 Plants ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Low Co2

Abstract Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) plays a pivotal role in the photosynthetic CO2 fixation of C4 plants. However, the functions of PEPCs in C3 plants are less well characterized, particularly in relation to low atmospheric CO2 levels. Of the four genes encoding PEPC in Arabidopsis, PPC2 is considered as the major leaf PEPC gene. Here we show that the ppc2 mutants suffered a growth arrest when transferred to low atmospheric CO2 conditions, together with decreases in the maximum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and lower levels of leaf abscisic acid (ABA) and carbohydrates. The application of sucrose, malate, or ABA greatly rescued the growth of ppc2 lines under low CO2 conditions. Metabolite profiling analysis revealed that the levels of glycine and serine were increased in ppc2 leaves, while the abundance of photosynthetic metabolites was decreased under these conditions. The transcript levels of encoding enzymes involved in glycine or serine metabolism was decreased in ppc2 in an ABI5-dependent manner. Like the ppc2 mutants, abi5-1 mutants had lower photosynthetic rates and Fv/Fm compared with the wild type under photorespiratory conditions (i.e. low CO2 availability). However, the growth of these mutants was similar to that of the wild type under non-photorespiratory (low O2) conditions. The constitutive expression of ABI5 prevented the growth arrest of ppc2 lines under low CO2 conditions. These findings demonstrate that PPC2 plays an important role in the acclimation of Arabidopsis plants to low CO2 availability by linking photorespiratory metabolism to primary metabolism, and that this is mediated, at least in part, through ABA- and ABI5-dependent processes.

Non-destructive X-ray analysis of Arabidopsis embryo mutants

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bino ◽  
J. W. Aartse ◽  
W. J. van der Burg
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Double Mutant ◽  
Embryo Morphology ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Mature Seeds

AbstractX-radiography is a simple, rapid and non-destructive method for analysing the morphology of embryos in dry, mature seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana. In wild type seeds, the cotyledons, hypocotyl and radicle tip can be readily distinguished. In seeds of the mutant types knolle, keule, and the double mutant keulelgnom, aberrations in embryo morphology can be visualized. X-radiography may therefore be useful in the isolation of embryo mutants from Arabidopsis seed samples.

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