scholarly journals Reconstruction of post-synaptic potentials by reverse modeling of local field potentials

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Yochum ◽  
Julien Modolo ◽  
Pascal Benquet ◽  
Fabrice Wendling
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Neural Mass Model ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Synaptic Potentials ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges

AbstractAmong electrophysiological signals, Local Field Potentials (LFPs) are extensively used to study brain activity, either in vivo or in vitro. LFPs are recorded with extracellular electrodes implanted in brain tissue. They reflect intermingled excitatory and inhibitory processes in neuronal assemblies. In cortical structures, LFPs mainly originate from the summation of post-synaptic potentials (PSPs), either excitatory (ePSPs) and inhibitory (iPSPs) generated at the level of pyramidal cells. The challenging issue, addressed in this paper, is to estimate, from a single extracellularly-recorded signal, both ePSP and iPSP components of the LFP. The proposed method is based on a model-based reverse engineering approach in which the measured LFP is fed into a physiologically-grounded neural mass model (mesoscopic level) in order to estimate the synaptic activity of a sub-population of pyramidal cells interacting with local GABAergic interneurons. The method was first validated using simulated LFPs for which excitatory and inhibitory components are known a priori and can thus serve as a ground truth. It was then evaluated on in vivo data (PTZ-induced seizures, rat; PTZ-induced excitability increase, mouse; epileptiform discharges, mouse) and on in clinico data (human seizures recorded with depth-EEG electrodes). Under these various conditions, results showed that the proposed reverse engineering method provides a reliable estimation of the average excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic potentials at the origin of the measured LFPs. They also indicated that the method allows for monitoring of the excitation/inhibition ratio. The method has potential for multiple applications in neuroscience, typically when a time tracking of local excitability changes is required.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of post-synaptic potentials by reverse modeling of local field potentials

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 026023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Yochum ◽  
Julien Modolo ◽  
David J Mogul ◽  
Pascal Benquet ◽  
Fabrice Wendling
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Synaptic Potentials

A method for recording evoked local field potentials in the primate dentate gyrus in vivo

Hippocampus ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoi Tamura ◽  
Satoshi Eifuku ◽  
Teruko Uwano ◽  
Michiya Sugimori ◽  
Kumiko Uchiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Field Potentials

scholarly journals Adaptive common average reference for in vivo multichannel local field potentials

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Xinyu ◽  
Wan Hong ◽  
Li Shan ◽  
Chen Yan ◽  
Shi Li
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Average Reference ◽  
Common Average Reference

scholarly journals Relationships between spike-free local field potentials and spike timing in human temporal cortex

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (7) ◽  
pp. 1808-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavros Zanos ◽  
Theodoros P. Zanos ◽  
Vasilis Z. Marmarelis ◽  
George A. Ojemann ◽  
Eberhard E. Fetz
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Spike Activity ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Spike Timing ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Linear Component ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Neuronal Spike

Intracortical recordings comprise both fast events, action potentials (APs), and slower events, known as local field potentials (LFPs). Although it is believed that LFPs mostly reflect local synaptic activity, it is unclear which of their signal components are most closely related to synaptic potentials and would therefore be causally related to the occurrence of individual APs. This issue is complicated by the significant contribution from AP waveforms, especially at higher LFP frequencies. In recordings of single-cell activity and LFPs from the human temporal cortex, we computed quantitative, nonlinear, causal dynamic models for the prediction of AP timing from LFPs, at millisecond resolution, before and after removing AP contributions to the LFP. In many cases, the timing of a significant number of single APs could be predicted from spike-free LFPs at different frequencies. Not surprisingly, model performance was superior when spikes were not removed. Cells whose activity was predicted by the spike-free LFP models generally fell into one of two groups: in the first group, neuronal spike activity was associated with specific phases of low LFP frequencies, lower spike activity at high LFP frequencies, and a stronger linear component in the spike-LFP model; in the second group, neuronal spike activity was associated with larger amplitude of high LFP frequencies, less frequent phase locking, and a stronger nonlinear model component. Spike timing in the first group was better predicted by the sign and level of the LFP preceding the spike, whereas spike timing in the second group was better predicted by LFP power during a certain time window before the spike.

scholarly journals Deciphering the contribution of oriens-lacunosum/moleculare (OLM) cells to intrinsic theta rhythms using biophysical local field potential (LFP) models

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra P. Chatzikalymniou ◽  
Frances K. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Biophysical Modeling ◽  
Different Cell Types

AbstractOscillations in local field potentials (LFPs) commonly occur and analyses of them fuel brain function hypotheses. An understanding of the cellular correlates and pathways affecting LFPs is needed but many overlapping pathways in vivo makes this difficult to achieve. A prevalent LFP rhythm in the hippocampus is ‘theta’ (3-12 Hz). Theta rhythms emerge intrinsically in an in vitro whole hippocampus preparation and thus can be produced by local interactions between interneurons and pyramidal (PYR) cells. Overlapping pathways are much reduced in this preparation making it possible to decipher the contribution of different cell types to LFP generation. We focus on oriens-lacunosum/moleculare (OLM) cells as a major class of interneurons in the hippocampus. They can influence PYR cells through two distinct pathways, (i) by direct inhibition of PYR cell distal dendrites, and (ii) by indirect disinhibition of PYR cell proximal dendrites by inhibiting bistratified cells (BiCs) that target them. We use previous inhibitory network models and build biophysical LFP models using volume conductor theory. We assess the effect of OLM cells to ongoing intrinsic LFP theta rhythms by directly comparing our model LFP features with experiment. We find that robust LFP theta responses adhering to reproducible experimental criteria occur only for particular connectivities between OLM cells and BiCs. Decomposition of the LFP reveals that OLM cell inputs onto the PYR cell regulate robustness of LFP responses without affecting average power and that the robust response depends on co-activation of distal inhibition and basal excitation. We use our models to estimate the spatial extent of the region generating LFP theta rhythms, leading us to predict that about 22,000 PYR cells participate in generating the LFP theta rhythm. Besides allowing us to understand OLM cells’ contributions to intrinsic theta rhythms, our work can drive hypothesis developments of cellular contributions in vivo.Author SummaryOscillatory local field potentials (LFPs) are extracellularly recorded potentials that are widely used to interpret information processing in the brain. For example, theta LFP rhythms (3-12 Hz) are correlated with memory processing and it is known that particular inhibitory cell types control their existence. As such, it is critical for us to appreciate how various cell types contribute to the characteristics of LFP rhythms. A precise biophysical modeling scheme linking activity at the cellular level and the recorded signal has been established. However, it is difficult to assess cellular contributions in vivo because of many spatiotemporally overlapping pathways that prevent the unambiguous separation of signals. Using an in vitro preparation that exhibits intrinsic theta (3-12 Hz) rhythms and where there is much less overlap, we build biophysical LFP models to explore cell contributions to ongoing intrinsic theta rhythms. We uncover distinct contributions from different cell types and show that robust theta rhythms depend specifically on one of the cell types. We are able to determine this because our LFP models have direct links with experiment and we are able to perform thousands of simulations.

scholarly journals Hippocampal neuron firing and local field potentials in the in vitro 4-aminopyridine epilepsy model

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (9) ◽  
pp. 2568-2580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Gonzalez-Sulser ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Bridget N. Queenan ◽  
Massimo Avoli ◽  
Stefano Vicini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Action Potential Firing ◽  
Gabaergic Transmission ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Potential Firing

Excessive synchronous neuronal activity is a defining feature of epileptic activity. We previously characterized the properties of distinct glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission-dependent synchronous epileptiform discharges in mouse hippocampal slices using the 4-aminopyridine model of epilepsy. In the present study, we sought to identify the specific hippocampal neuronal populations that initiate and underlie these local field potentials (LFPs). A perforated multielectrode array was used to simultaneously record multiunit action potential firing and LFPs during spontaneous epileptiform activity. LFPs had distinct components based on the initiation site, extent of propagation, and pharmacological sensitivity. Individual units, located in different hippocampal subregions, fired action potentials during these LFPs. A specific neuron subgroup generated sustained action potential firing throughout the various components of the LFPs. The activity of this subgroup preceded the LFPs observed in the presence of antagonists of ionotropic glutamatergic synaptic transmission. In the absence of ionotropic glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission, LFPs disappeared, but units with shorter spike duration and high basal firing rates were still active. These spontaneously active units had an increased level of activity during LFPs and consistently preceded all LFPs recorded before blockade of synaptic transmission. Our findings reveal that neuronal subpopulations with interneuron properties are likely responsible for initiating synchronous activity in an in vitro model of epileptiform discharges.

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