scholarly journals Age-related macular degeneration affects the optic radiation white matter projecting to locations of retinal damage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoyo Yoshimine ◽  
Shumpei Ogawa ◽  
Hiroshi Horiguchi ◽  
Masahiko Terao ◽  
Atsushi Miyazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Damage ◽  
Optic Radiation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter Damage ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTPurposeWe investigated the impact of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) on visual acuity and the visual white matter.MethodsWe combined an adaptive cortical atlas and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and tractography to separate optic radiation (OR) projections to different retinal eccentricities in human primary visual cortex. We exploited the known anatomical organization of the OR and clinically relevant data to segment the OR into three primary components projecting to fovea, mid- and far-periphery. We measured white matter tissue properties – (fractional anisotropy, linearity, planarity, sphericity) along the aforementioned three components of the optic radiation to compare AMD patients and controls.ResultsWe found differences in white matter properties specific to OR white matter fascicles projecting to primary visual cortex locations corresponding to the location of retinal damage (fovea). Additionally, we show that the magnitude of white matter properties in AMD patients’ correlates with visual acuity. In sum, we demonstrate a specific relation between visual loss, anatomical location of retinal damage and white matter damage in AMD patients. Importantly, we demonstrate that these changes are so profound that can be detected using magnetic resonance imaging data with clinical resolution. The conserved mapping between retinal and white matter damage suggests that retinal neurodegeneration might be a primary cause of white matter degeneration in AMD patients.ConclusionsThe results highlight the impact of eye disease on brain tissue, a process that may become an important target to monitor during the course of treatment.

scholarly journals Age-related macular degeneration affects the optic radiation white matter projecting to locations of retinal damage

2018 ◽  
Vol 223 (8) ◽  
pp. 3889-3900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoyo Yoshimine ◽  
Shumpei Ogawa ◽  
Hiroshi Horiguchi ◽  
Masahiko Terao ◽  
Atsushi Miyazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Damage ◽  
Optic Radiation ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals Myopia and age-related macular degeneration: structural and anatomical changes of the eye

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
I. B. Alekseev ◽  
Ju. A. Nam
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Chorioretinal Atrophy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study was to find out how age-related macular degeneration and medium-high degree myopia affect the structural and anatomical parameters of the eyeball, and to find whether a relationship exists between various types of myopic staphylomas and changes of visual functions.Material and methods. 120 patients (236 eyes), with medium and high degree myopia and age-related retinal changes, aged 44 to 81 years were tested for two groups of parameters: quantitative and qualitative. The former included the patients’ age, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), computer perimetry data, the axial length, and the thickness of the retina in the central zone. The latter included retinal changes, in particular pigment epithelium (PE) defects, drusen, PE detachment, choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV), Fuchs spot and diffuse chorioretinal atrophy. The impact of various types of staphylomas on visual functions was evaluated. Results. Visual functions were found to directly depend on retinal PE integrity. If defects, detachment, or drusen are present, computer perimetry parameters and BVCA are reducing. Fuchs spot presence and diffuse chorioretinal atrophy reduces BCVA and causes an MD decrease. The lowest visual acuity and considerable light sensitivity loss was noted in patients with combined staphylomas. Conclusion. The obtained data confirm that retinal dystrophic processes directly affect visual functions: BCVA and retinal photosensitivity levels drop in all retinal changes studied. The presence of staphyloma, being a factor that aggravates myopia, undoubtedly worsens the most of the parameters studied. 

scholarly journals Percentage of Foveal versus Total Macular Geographic Atrophy as a Predictor of Visual Acuity in Age-related Macular Degeneration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saghar Bagheri ◽  
Ines Lains ◽  
Rebecca Silverman ◽  
Ivana Kim ◽  
Dean Eliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Fundus Autofluorescence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Geographic Atrophy ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Foveal Sparing

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between visual acuity (VA), total area of geographic atrophy (GA) and percentage of foveal GA.MethodsMulticenter, retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with GA due to age-related macular degeneration. Demographics, VA, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were collected. Using FAF images aided by OCT, foveal sparing status, GA pattern, total GA size, and percentage of GA covering the foveal area - area within a 1.5 mm diameter circle centered on the fovea centralis - were assessed. Univariable and multiple linear regression analyses were performed.Results54 eyes (mean age 78.7 ±7.7 (SD), 60.0% female) were studied. Mean VA was 0.8 ± 0.6 logMAR, mean total GA 8.8 ± 6.7 mm2 and mean percentage of foveal GA was 71.5 ± 30.9%. Of all assessed eyes, 48.2% (n = 26) presented with multifocal GA, and 18.5% (n = 10) had foveal sparing. Multiple regression analysis revealed that, controlling for age and GA pattern, the percentage of foveal GA presented a statistically significant association with VA (ß = 0.41, P = 0.004). No significant associations were observed with mean total GA size, while controlling for the same variables (ß = 0.010, P = 0.440).ConclusionPercentage of foveal GA was significantly associated with VA impairment, while the same was not verified for total GA area. These findings suggest that percentage of foveal GA may represent a more useful tool for assessing the impact of GA on VA. Further validation is needed in larger cohorts.

P1-198: White matter damage in posterior cortical atrophy assessed in vivo using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S_Part_5) ◽  
pp. P176-P177
Author(s):  
Shiva Keihaninejad ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Tim Shakespeare ◽  
Natalie Ryan ◽  
Ian Malone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Posterior Cortical Atrophy ◽  
White Matter Damage

Change in vision-related quality of life and influencing factors in Asians receiving treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva K Fenwick ◽  
Gemmy Chui Ming Cheung ◽  
Alfred TL Gan ◽  
Gavin Tan ◽  
Shu Yen Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Reading Scores ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
The Impact

AimTo assess the change in vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) after treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and factors influencing this change in an Asian population.MethodsIn this longitudinal study, 116 patients (mean age±SD=66.5±9.9 years; 59.5% male) who underwent treatment for nAMD were recruited from a tertiary eye centre in Singapore. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the Impact of Vision Impairment (IVI) questionnaire were evaluated at baseline and month 12. We defined three categories of BCVA change in the treated eye: BCVA gain ≥2 lines; no change in BCVA; BCVA loss ≥2 lines. The main outcome measures were the Rasch-derived IVI Reading, Mobility, and Emotional Scores. Multivariable linear regression analyses assessed the influence of sociodemographic, clinical and treatment-related factors on change in VRQoL.ResultsFollowing treatment, mean treated-eye BCVA improved by almost 2 lines (−0.22±0.40 logMAR, p<0.001) and 43% (n=50) patients reported a gain in BCVA of ≥2 lines. Mean±SD scores for Reading, Mobility and Emotional demonstrated positive changes of 0.43±1.73, 0.45±1.54 and 0.66±1.6, respectively (p<0.001 for all). In multivariable models, a ≥2 line improvement in BCVA was independently associated with a 47% (β=0.20; CI 0.01 to 0.39) increase in Reading Scores, but was not independently associated with Mobility or Emotional Scores.ConclusionNearly half of patients undergoing treatment for nAMD reported a 2-line improvement in vision which was, in turn, associated with substantial positive increases in Reading Scores. Improvements in Mobility and Emotional Scores appear to be driven by factors other than visual acuity.

Quality of life: Investigating the impact of two major mental disorders, anxiety and depression, in patients with age-related macular degeneration

2020 ◽  
pp. 026461962097370
Author(s):  
Marios Papalamprou ◽  
Constantine D Georgakopoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Pharmakakis
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cart Analysis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact on the quality of life of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in relation to common mental disorders, namely anxiety and depression, and determine specific factors (e.g., thoughts/feelings, sociodemographic characteristics) that may be used to refer such patients to psychiatrists. Materials–Methods: To classify the patients into different categories, regarding the development of the mental disorders under consideration, the “Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale” (HADS) has been utilized. The main statistical methodologies applied are classification and regression trees (CART) techniques and logistic regression. For the purposes of the aforementioned statistical analysis, the R software package has been used. Results: Both depression and anxiety scores varied considerably across visual acuity (VA) severity. Patients with severe visual acuity problems tend to have also higher HADS scores. Women were more likely to be affected by depression; sociodemographic factors did not have any significant effect. According to the performed CART analysis, responses to two HADS items (namely, “I can enjoy a good book or radio or television program” and “I have lost interest in my appearance”) identified the vast majority of severely to moderately depressed patients. Furthermore, the level of VA severity was found as a main driver for diagnosing an AMD patient with depression. Conclusions: VA impairment (or decline) severity level was found to be the main factor associated with depression in patients with AMD. Moreover, specific thoughts/feelings present in patients with AMD have been found as significant regarding the level of their mental disorders under consideration and could be asked by the ophthalmologist to refer (or not) them to psychiatrists.

scholarly journals Brain volumetric MRI study in healthy adolescent and young person’s using automated method

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 531-537
Author(s):  
Seda Avnioğlu ◽  
Özkan Özen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Young Subject ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Healthy Adolescent ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Age Related

Objective: Adolescence is a critical period for the maturation of neurobiological processes that underlie higher cognitive functions and social and emotional behaviour. However, there are limited studies that investigated brain volumes in healthy adolescents and young persons.  The aim of this study was to compare the Grey Matter (GM), White Matter (WM) and some specific brain subcortical volumes such as hippocampus and amygdala between healthy adolescents and young groups by using VolBrain. Material and Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging brain scans were retrospectively obtained from 20 healthy adolescent and young subjects.  The mean ages of the adolescent and young persons were 13±1 and 24±2, respectively. Brain parenchyma (BP), GM, WM and asymmetry features were calculated using VolBrain, and the GM and WM volumes of each subjects were compared with those of the both groups. The current study to examine whether regional gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), some brain subcortical structures volumes differed between healthy adolescent and young groups. Also, of the whole brain, hemispheres, and hippocampus, amigdala of adolescent and young subject volumes were measured with an automated method. Results: We have observed that the young group was found to have a 4 % less in volume of GM, when compared with adolescent groups. Conclusion: Our data indicate that quantitative structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data of the adolescent brain is important in understanding the age-related human morphological changes.

scholarly journals An International Review of Motor Vehicle Collision Risk with Medical Conditions in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 877-878
Author(s):  
Mark Rapoport ◽  
Joanne Wood ◽  
Jamie Dow ◽  
Desmond O'Neill ◽  
Judith Charlton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective was to examine the impact of seven categories of medical illness on risk of Motor Vehicle Collisions (MVC) in older adults. In late 2019, a systematic review of the MVC risk associated with alcohol use disorders, psychiatric disorders, epilepsy, diabetes, hearing loss, vision disorders and sleep disorders was conducted. A total of 64,720 titles were screened, and 138 articles were included. Of these, only thirteen pertained to older adults, only six showed increased MVC risk in at least one condition, and only seven were rated of “Good” quality. Hearing impairment was associated with MVC only if associated with visual acuity or contrast sensitivity impairments (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.01-2.3 and RR 2.41, 95% CI 1.62-3.57, respectively). A high depression score was associated with increased MVC (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.1) in one study, but a similar relationship was not found in two other studies. Glaucoma increased at-fault MVC risk (RR 1.65, 95% CI 1.20-2.28) in one study, but no relationship was found in another. Visual field loss increased MVC risk in three of four studies (RR or HR ranging from 1.31 to 2.32). One negative study each were identified for alcohol use disorders, age-related macular degeneration, any eye disease, or any psychiatric disorder, and four negative studies were identified for reduced visual acuity. No studies of older adults were found for epilepsy or sleep disorders. Interpretation of MVC risk in older drivers with medical illness is rendered challenging by the paucity and quality of studies.

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