scholarly journals Transcranial alternating current stimulation at 10 Hz modulates response bias in the Somatic Signal Detection Task

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Craddock ◽  
Ekaterini Klepousniotou ◽  
Wael el-Deredy ◽  
Ellen Poliakoff ◽  
Donna Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation ◽  
Somatic Signal ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Somatic Signal Detection Task

AbstractBackgroundOngoing, pre-stimulus oscillatory activity in the 8-13 Hz alpha range has been shown to correlate with both true and false reports of peri-threshold somatosensory stimuli. However, to directly test the role of such oscillatory activity in behaviour, it is necessary to manipulate it. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) offers a method of directly manipulating oscillatory brain activity using a sinusoidal current passed to the scalp.ObjectiveWe tested whether alpha tACS would change somatosensory sensitivity or response bias in a signal detection task in order to test whether alpha oscillations have a causal role in behaviour.MethodsActive 10 Hz tACS or sham stimulation was applied using electrodes placed bilaterally at positions CP3 and CP4 of the 10-20 electrode placement system. Participants performed the Somatic Signal Detection Task (SSDT), in which they must detect brief somatosensory targets delivered at their detection threshold. These targets are sometimes accompanied by a light flash, which could also occur alone.ResultsActive tACS did not modulate sensitivity to targets but did modulate response criterion. Specifically, we found that active stimulation generally increased touch reporting rates, but particularly increased responding on light trials. Stimulation did not interact with the presence of touch, and thus increased both hits and false alarms.ConclusionstACS stimulation increased reports of touch in a manner consistent with our observational reports, changing response bias, and consistent with a role for alpha activity in somatosensory detection.

scholarly journals The off-line effect of affective touch on multisensory integration and tactile perceptual accuracy during the somatic signal detection task

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261060
Author(s):  
Sofia Sacchetti ◽  
Francis McGlone ◽  
Valentina Cazzato ◽  
Laura Mirams
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Multisensory Integration ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Perceptual Accuracy ◽  
Affective Touch ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Somatic Signal ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Ct System ◽  
Somatic Signal Detection Task

Affective touch refers to the emotional and motivational facets of tactile sensation and has been linked to the activation of a specialised system of mechanosensory afferents (the CT system), that respond optimally to slow caress-like touch. Affective touch has been shown to play an important role in the building of the bodily self: the multisensory integrated global awareness of one’s own body. Here we investigated the effects of affective touch on subsequent tactile awareness and multisensory integration using the Somatic Signal Detection Task (SSDT). During the SSDT, participants were required to detect near-threshold tactile stimulation on their cheek, in the presence/absence of a concomitant light. Participants repeated the SSDT twice, before and after receiving a touch manipulation. Participants were divided into two groups: one received affective touch (CT optimal; n = 32), and the second received non-affective touch (non-CT optimal; n = 34). Levels of arousal (skin conductance levels, SCLs) and mood changes after the touch manipulation were also measured. Affective touch led to an increase in tactile accuracy, as indicated by less false reports of touch and a trend towards higher tactile sensitivity during the subsequent SSDT. Conversely, non-affective touch was found to induce a partial decrease in the correct detection of touch possibly due to a desensitization of skin mechanoreceptors. Both affective and non-affective touch induced a more positive mood and higher SCLs in participants. The increase in SCLs was greater after affective touch. We conclude that receiving affective touch enhances the sense of bodily self therefore increasing perceptual accuracy and awareness. Higher SCLs are suggested to be a possible mediator linking affective touch to a greater tactile accuracy. Clinical implications are discussed.

Vision of the body increases interference on the somatic signal detection task

2010 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mirams ◽  
Ellen Poliakoff ◽  
Richard J. Brown ◽  
Donna M. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
The Body ◽  
Somatic Signal ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Somatic Signal Detection Task

Effects of Attribute and Goal Framing on Automation Reliance and Compliance

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank C. Lacson ◽  
Douglas A. Wiegmann ◽  
Poornima Madhavan
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Diagnostic Aid ◽  
Goal Framing ◽  
Information Framing ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
The Way

Presentation of an aid's reliability may have mixed results on utilization due to differences in the way the reliability is framed, as well as its effects on reliance versus compliance. Using an aided signal detection task, the current study compared effects of attribute framing (80% correct versus 20% incorrect) and goal framing (focusing on hits and correct rejections versus misses and false alarms) on sensitivity, response bias, compliance, and reliance. Sensitivity and response bias results indicated few differences between aided groups. Information framing did lead to differences in compliance, but not reliance compared to an unframed group. However, reliance differences occurred when comparing positive and negative framing group. These results indicate that the manner in which information about the reliability of a diagnostic aid is presented can have significant, albeit subtle, effects on automation utilization.

scholarly journals A Neurophysiological Measure of Reward Sensitivity and its Limited Association with Anhedonia in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Frank ◽  
Elise M. Stevens ◽  
Francesco Versace
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Reward Sensitivity ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Hedonic Capacity ◽  
Signal Detection Task

AbstractAnhedonia (i.e., the attenuated ability to enjoy pleasurable stimuli) characterizes multiple mood disorders, but its neurophysiological underpinnings are not yet clear. Here, we measured event-related potentials in 116 adolescents and young adults engaged in a signal detection task designed to objectively characterize the anhedonic phenotype. In line with previous studies, the behavioral results showed that approximately 35% of the sample did not develop a response bias towards the more frequently rewarded stimuli (a sign of low hedonic capacity). The event-related potentials (ERPs) evoked by the reward feedback stimuli delivered during the task showed that individuals that did not develop a response bias had significantly less cortical positivity at Fz from 224 ms to 316 ms post feedback onset compared to those that developed a response bias during the task. However, further analyses showed that this between groups difference was relatively weak, as it disappeared when we controlled for response-locked ERPs. Furthermore, the response bias observed in the signal detection task was not strongly associated with self-reported ratings of hedonic capacity. We conclude that even though the signal detection task may be used as a reward sensitivity measure in neurotypical adolescents and young adults, this task may only be able to detect clinically significant levels of anhedonia in this particular population.

scholarly journals Effect of Subliminal Visual Material on an Auditory Signal Detection Task

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Elaine Moroney ◽  
Michael Bross
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
False Alarm ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Auditory Signal ◽  
Visual Material ◽  
Auditory Detection ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Non Parametric

An experiment assessed the effect of subliminally embedded, visual material on an auditory detection task. 22 women and 19 men were presented tachistoscopically with words designated as “emotional” or “neutral” on the basis of prior GSRs and a Word Rating List under four conditions: (a) Unembedded Neutral, (b) Embedded Neutral, (c) Unembedded Emotional, and (d) Embedded Emotional. On each trial subjects made forced choices concerning the presence or absence of an auditory tone (1000 Hz) at threshold level; hits and false alarm rates were used to compute non-parametric indices for sensitivity (A′) and response bias (B″). While over-all analyses of variance yielded no significant differences, further examination of the data suggests the presence of subliminally “receptive” and “non-receptive” subpopulations.

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