scholarly journals Escherichia coli Bcteriuria in pregnant women in Ghana: Antibiotic resistance pattern, Virulence Factors and Resistant genetic markers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forson Obeng Akua ◽  
Wilson Bright ◽  
David Nana-Adjei ◽  
Marjorie Ntiwaa Quarchie ◽  
Noah Obeng-Nkuramah
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Neonatal Infections ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractThe relevance of Escherichia coli associated bacteriuria infection in pregnant women is poorly understood, despite these strains sharing a similar virulence profile with other extra intestinal pathogenic E. coli producing severe obstetric and neonatal infections. We characterized and determined the antimicrobial susceptibility, resistant genes and virulence profiles of 82 E. coli isolates associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria in some pregnant in five very distinct hospitals in the Volta region from January, 2016 to April, 2016 using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion and polymerase chain reaction.High levels of antimicrobial resistance was observed to Ampicillin (79.3%), Tetracycline (70.7%) and Cotrimoxazole (59.8%), except for Cefuroxime (32.9%). Resistant genes analyses revealed 58.5% were positive for BlaTEM and 14.6% for aph(3)-Ia(aphA2). Virulence factors (VFs) was more widespread in pregnant women in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters than 1st trimester. VFs relating to adhesion (papC and iha), Protectins (traT), aerobactin acquisition (iutA) and iron acquisition systems (fyuA and irp2) were more prevalent in the resistant E. coli isolates. This study provides additional evidence for a link in bacteriuria and transmission of extra-intestinal E. coli in pregnant women to cause multi-resistant severe obstetric or neonatal infections. Considering the involvement of extra-intestinal E. coli in infections, our results may be helpful to develop strategies to prevent maternal and/ neonatal infections. In addition continuous surveillance is required to guide appropriate antibiotic usage in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Virulence and antibiotic resistance profile of avian Escherichia coli strains isolated from colibacillosis lesions in central of Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1840-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nacima Meguenni ◽  
Nathalie Chanteloup ◽  
Angelina Tourtereau ◽  
Chafika Ali Ahmed ◽  
Saliha Bounar-Kechih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Embryo Lethality

Background and Aim: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli cause extensive mortality in poultry flocks, leading to extensive economic losses. To date, in Algeria, little information has been available on virulence potential and antibiotics resistance of avian E. coli isolates. Therefore, the aim of this study was the characterization of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance profile of Algerian E. coli strains isolated from diseased broilers. Materials and Methods: In this study, 43 avian E. coli strains isolated from chicken colibacillosis lesions at different years were analyzed to determine their contents in 10 virulence factors by polymerase chain reaction, antimicrobial susceptibility to 22 antibiotics belonging to six different chemical classes and genomic diversity by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: Mainly E. coli isolates (58.1%) carried two at six virulence genes and the most frequent virulence gene association detected were ompT (protectin), hlyF (hemolysin) with 55.8% (p<0.001), and iroN, sitA (iron acquisition/uptake systems), and iss (protectin) with 41.8% (p<0.001). Some strains were diagnosed as virulent according to their virulence gene profile. Indeed, 23.25% of the isolates harbored iroN, ompT, hlyF, iss, and sitA combination, 14% ompT, hlyF, and frzorf4 (sugar metabolism), and 11,6% iroN, hlyF, ompT, iss, iutA (iron acquisition/uptake systems), and frzorf4. The chicken embryo lethality assay performed on five isolates confirmed the potential virulence of these strains. All isolates submitted to PFGE analysis yielded different genetic profiles, which revealed their diversity. Overall, 97.2% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 53.5% demonstrated multi-antimicrobial resistance to three different antimicrobial classes. The highest resistance levels were against nalidixic acid (83.4%), amoxicillin and ampicillin (83.3%), ticarcillin (80.5%), pipemidic acid (75%), and triméthoprim-sulfamethoxazole (66.6%). For beta-lactam class, the main phenotype observed belonged to broad-spectrum beta-lactamases. However, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase associated with three at six virulence factors was also detected in 13 isolates. Two of them were attested virulent as demonstrated in the embryo lethality test which constitutes a real public threat. Conclusion: It would be imperative in avian production to discourage misuse while maintaining constant vigilance guidelines and regulations, to limit and rationalize antimicrobial use.

scholarly journals Comparative Pathogenomics of Escherichia coli : Polyvalent Vaccine Target Identification Through Virulome Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Clark ◽  
A.M. Maresso
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Target Identification ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polyvalent Vaccine ◽  
Group 2

Comparative genomics of bacterial pathogens has been useful for revealing potential virulence factors. Escherichia coli is a significant cause of human morbidity and mortality worldwide but can also exist as a commensal in the human gastrointestinal tract. With many sequenced genomes, it has served as a model organism for comparative genomic studies to understand the link between genetic content and potential for virulence. To date, however, no comprehensive analysis of its complete “virulome” has been performed for the purpose of identifying universal or pathotype-specific targets for vaccine development. Here, we describe the construction of a pathotype database of 107 well-characterized completely sequenced pathogenic and non-pathogenic E. coli strains, which we annotated for major virulence factors (VFs). Data are cross referenced for patterns against pathotype, phylogroup, and sequence type and results verified against all 1,348 complete E. coli chromosomes in the NCBI RefSeq database. Our results demonstrate that phylogroup drives many of the “pathotype-associated” VFs, and ExPEC-associated VFs are found predominantly within the B2/D/F/G phylogenetic clade, suggesting these phylogroups are more adapted to infect human hosts. Finally, we used this information to propose polyvalent vaccine targets with specificity towards extraintestinal strains, targeting key invasive strategies including immune evasion (group 2 capsule), iron acquisition (FyuA, IutA, Sit), adherence (SinH, Afa, Pap, Sfa, Iha), and toxins (Usp, Sat, Vat, Cdt, Cnf1, HlyA). While many of these targets have been proposed before, this work is the first to examine their pathotype and phylogroup distribution and how they may be targeted together to prevent disease.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Detection of Enterotoxigenic and Enteroaggregative Strain of Escherichia coli among Foreign Tourist with Traveler Diarrhea in Bali using Uniplex Polymerase Chain Reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (A) ◽  
pp. 583-588
Author(s):  
I Dewa Made Sukrama ◽  
Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari ◽  
Made Agus Hendrayana ◽  
I Ketut Agus Somia
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
First Line ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain

BACKGROUND: As one of the major tourist destinations in Southeast Asia, Bali received millions of foreign tourists each year. Diarrhea consistently placed as the most often experienced health problem among travelers. Traveler diarrhea has various etiologies. The most common was Escherichia coli. The existence of several types of E. coli that are resistant to several antibiotics causes the selection of antibiotics is crucial. AIM: This preliminary study aims to understand the pattern of antibiotics sensitivity and to detect the presence of enterotoxigenic and enteroaggregative strains of E. coli from fecal samples of foreign tourists with traveler’s diarrhea in Denpasar, Bali. METHODS: A culture examination was carried out to obtain E. coli bacterial colonies. Disk diffusion Kirby–Bauer was carried out for antibiotic sensitivity testing. The confirmed colonies were tested against several common antibiotics, including the recommended first line (ciprofloxacin and azithromycin). Uniplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers conducted to detect the enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (elt and estA2-4) and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (CVD432) strains. RESULTS: Among 48 stool culture, 14 (29.2%) were identified as E. coli colonies. All samples were still sensitive to the antibiotics meropenem, ceftazidime, and cefixime. Despite majority of the samples (78.6%) still sensitive to ciprofloxacin, large proportion of the samples have developed resistance against the other commonly used antibiotics, doxycycline (70.4%) and azithromycin (57.1%). PCR showed that 3 (21.4%) samples shown positive for CVD432 gene, 2 (14.3%) samples positive for the elt gene, and all negative for the estA2-4 gene. CONCLUSION: An only small proportion of E. coli was EAEC or ETEC strain. Although most E. coli still sensitive to beta-lactam antibiotics, a significant proportion had shown resistance against the commonly recommended first-line antibiotics.

scholarly journals Experimental infection with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli identified by PCR using enteric-coated capsules in boxer pups

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
Eliana Maria Ferreira Gouveia ◽  
Iandara Schettert Silva ◽  
Gerson Nakazato ◽  
Flábio Ribeiro de Araujo ◽  
Marilene Rodrigues Chang
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Enteric Coating ◽  
Coating Solution ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Enteric Coated

PURPOSE: To verify the possibility of an experimental infection with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and to confirm by PCR that the symptoms manifested after infection were due to the virulence factors of the studied bacteria. METHODS: Experimental units were 14 healthy pups of Boxer breed, aged 60 days. The animals were divided into three groups. One animal from each litter was included in a control group and the remaining animals were divided into two groups: one inoculated with strain 4083, and another one inoculated with strain SPA14. Gelatinous capsules coated with enteric-coating solution were used for the inoculation of strains. E. coli isolation from feces was performed for all tested animals, and the extracted DNA was subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). RESULTS: All infected animals presented diarrhea and had the gene eae amplified by PCR. CONCLUSION: The efficiency of PCR for the studied strains indicates that this technique can be recommended for the diagnosis of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli as a differential from other pathogens causing diarrhea. It may also be used in the future to verify whether other virulence factors (bfpA gene and EAF plasmid) persist after infection and to assess the pathogenicity of these bacteria.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance and virulence factors among Escherichia coli isolates from avian organic fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Maria Avanci Agostinho ◽  
Marita Vedovelli Cardozo ◽  
Mariana Monezi Borzi ◽  
José Moacir Marin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chicken Litter ◽  
Polymerase Chain

ABSTRACT: Brazilian poultry industry generates large amounts of organic waste, such as chicken litter, which is often used in agriculture. Among the bacteria present in organic fertilizer are members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, such as Escherichia coli. The aim of this study was to analyze the profile of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolates from avian organic fertilizer. A total of 47 E. coli strains were tested through Polymerase chain reaction to detect virulence genes (hlyF, iss, ompT, iutA and iroN). Fourteen antimicrobials were used to test antimicrobial susceptibility in the strains. Genes characteristic of Avian Pathogenic E. coli (APEC) were reported among the strains, with the hlyF, iss and ompT genes being the most prevalent. The isolates showed high resistance (˃50%) to tetracycline, gentamicin, cefotaxime, nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ampicillin. Multidrug resistance was reported in a great number of strains (>70%). The results showed the presence of APEC cells with virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance after 15 days of the windrowing process in poultry houses, it means this process should be improved to eliminate these cells.

scholarly journals Virulence factors in Escherichia coli urinary tract infection.

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Clinical Role ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Serum Killing

Uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli are characterized by the expression of distinctive bacterial properties, products, or structures referred to as virulence factors because they help the organism overcome host defenses and colonize or invade the urinary tract. Virulence factors of recognized importance in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection (UTI) include adhesins (P fimbriae, certain other mannose-resistant adhesins, and type 1 fimbriae), the aerobactin system, hemolysin, K capsule, and resistance to serum killing. This review summarizes the virtual explosion of information regarding the epidemiology, biochemistry, mechanisms of action, and genetic basis of these urovirulence factors that has occurred in the past decade and identifies areas in need of further study. Virulence factor expression is more common among certain genetically related groups of E. coli which constitute virulent clones within the larger E. coli population. In general, the more virulence factors a strain expresses, the more severe an infection it is able to cause. Certain virulence factors specifically favor the development of pyelonephritis, others favor cystitis, and others favor asymptomatic bacteriuria. The currently defined virulence factors clearly contribute to the virulence of wild-type strains but are usually insufficient in themselves to transform an avirulent organism into a pathogen, demonstrating that other as-yet-undefined virulence properties await discovery. Virulence factor testing is a useful epidemiological and research tool but as yet has no defined clinical role. Immunological and biochemical anti-virulence factor interventions are effective in animal models of UTI and hold promise for the prevention of UTI in humans.

scholarly journals Prevalence of virulence factors in Escherichia coli strains isolated from the genital tract of healthy cows

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Resende ◽  
E. Santo ◽  
C. Macedo ◽  
J.M. Marin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacterial Pathogenicity ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The prevalence of virulence genes expressing fimbriae, production of hemolysin, colicin and aerobactin, was determined in Escherichia coli isolates from healthy cow’s genital tract not showing clinical signs of infection. The presence of fimbriae expression genes (pap, sfa, afa) was assayed using specific primers in a polymerase chain reaction; none were detected in any of the isolates. Yet, a prevalence of 90.4%, 69.8%, and 28.5% of virulence factors for colicin, hemolysin and aerobactin respectively, was detected in the isolates. Analysis of the bacterial pathogenicity of isolates from the bovine genital tract may contribute towards the understanding of E. coli behavior.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli virulence factors iutA, an iron acquisition factor, and ibeA, an invasion factor, are related to severity of bacteremic acute biliary tract infections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahoko Ikeda ◽  
Tatsuya Kobayashi ◽  
Fumie Fujimoto ◽  
Yuta Okada ◽  
Yoshimi Higurashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Biliary Tract ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Biliary Tract Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract BackgroundAlthough Escherichia coli is the most frequently isolated organism in acute biliary tract infections with bacteremia, data regarding its virulence are limited.ResultsBacteremic acute biliary tract infection cases in a retrospective study were collected from 2013 to 2015 at a tertiary care hospital in Japan. Factors related to the severity of infection were investigated, including patient background, phylogenetic typing, and virulence factors of E. coli, such as adhesion, invasion, toxins, and iron acquisition. In total, 72 E. coli strains were identified in 71 cases, most of which primarily belonged to the phylogenetic B2 group (68%). The presence of IutA (77.3% in the non-severe group, 46.4% in the severe group, P = 0.011) and ibeA (9.1% in the non-severe group, and 35.7% in the severe group, P = 0.012) were significantly associated with severity of infection, whereas patient characteristics did not relate to the severity of infection.ConclusionsWe showed that bacteremic E. coli strains from acute biliary tract infections belonged to a virulent (B2) group. The severity of biliary tract infection depended on iutA and ibeA.

MICROBIOLOGICAL SCREENING AND DETERMINATION OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF THE UROPATHOGEN ESCHERICHIA COLI IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE CLINIC OF THE ALMATY СITY HOSPITAL №7

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
В.Н. Сон ◽  
М.Р. Рысулы ◽  
С.Т. Турсыналиев ◽  
М.Е. Рамазанов
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Susceptibility Study

Бессимптомная бактериурия определяется как присутствие бактерий в моче беременных без признаков или симптомов инфекции мочевыводящих путей (ИМП). Стандартное микробиологическое исследование образцов мочи проведено с июня 2019 года по декабрь 2020 года у 800 беременных по программам скрининга на наличие мочеполовой инфекции (ИМП) в поликлинике городской клинической больницы №7 г.Алматы. Образцы были протестированы микробиологически по стандартным методикам, рекомендованных CAESAR. Выбор антимикробных препаратов (АМП) для включения в исследование чувствительности, а также принципы интерпретации результатов проводились согласно рекомендации Европейского комитета по определению чувствительности к антибиотикам (EUCAST). Представлены результаты оценки резистенности и чувствительности к антимикробным препаратам 138 клинических изолятов Escherichia coli, выделенных из образцов мочи беременных пациенток поликлиники №35 ГКБ №7 УОЗ г.Алматы. Основными уропатогеном в 66,3% являются E. Coli, меньше - в 15,9% Staphylococcus aureus и в 8,2% Klebsiella pneumoniae. Чувствительность изолятов Escherihia coli была для левофлоксацина (76,6%), комбинации пиперациллин/тазобактаму (73,7%), ципрофлоксацину (71,5%), тетрациклину (74,4%), но низкой для пиперациллина (24.8%), цефураксима (38,6%), тобрамицина (40,9%), цефазилина (40,1%), цефепима (40,1%); цефтазидима (43%), комбинации триметоприм/сульфаметаксазол (43,8%). Чувствительность E. coli к карбапенемам - для имипенема (73%), меропенема (67,8%), эртапенема (76,6%), а устойчивость составляла для эртапенема (13,8%), меропенема (16%) и имипенема (3,6%). Asymptomatic bacteriuria is defined as the presence of bacteria in the urine of pregnant women without signs or symptoms of a urinary tract infection (UTI). A standard microbiological study of urine samples was carried out from June 2019 to December 2020 in 800 pregnant women under screening programs for the presence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in the ambulatory of the Almaty city clinical hospital № 7. The samples were tested microbiologically according to standard methods recommended by CAESAR. The choice of AMPs for inclusion in the susceptibility study, as well as the principles of interpretation of the results, were carried out according to the recommendation of the European Committee for the determination of antibiotic susceptibility (EUCAST). The sensitivity of Escherihia coli isolates was for levofloxacin (76.6%), piperacillin / tazobactam combination (73.7%), ciprofloxacin (71.5%), tetracycline (74.4%), but low for piperacillin (24.8%), cefuraxime (38.6%), tobramycin (40.9%), cefazilin (40.1%), cefepime (40.1%); ceftazidime (43%), trimethoprim / sulfametaxazole combination (43.8%). The sensitivity of Escherihia coli to carbapenems was for imipenem (73%), meropenem (67.8%), ertapenem (76.6%), and resistance was for ertapenem (13.8%), meropenem (16%) and imipenem (3,6%).

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