scholarly journals Screening, Characterization and Optimization of antibacterial peptides, produced byBacillus safensisstrain MK-12 isolated from waste dump soil KP, Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajid Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Qasim ◽  
Farida Begum ◽  
Hazir Rahman ◽  
Imran Sajid
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Antibacterial Peptides ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Promising Source

AbstractAimsThe current study was designed to isolate, screen and identify the indigenous soil antibacterial exhibiting bacteria (AEB) and effect of various parameters on growth of AEB and antibacterial peptides production.Methods and resultsThe soil isolates were screened for antagonistic activity against a set of ATCC and local MDR human pathogenic bacterial strains. The antibacterial compound was protein in nature, exhibited no haemolysis and molecular weight was less than 20 KDa. The potential AEB isolate was identified by morphology, biochemical testing and by 16S rRNA gene sequencing asB. safensisMK-12. Growth and antibacterial activity was optimized forB. safensisstrain MK-12, exhibited maximum growth as well as antibacterial activity after 48 hours of incubation at pH 8, 30 °C in shaking incubator when fermented in optimized medium.ConclusionThe current study results indicate that indigenous soil is rich source of AEB and could be a promising source of antimicrobial compounds to fight against MDR bacteria in future.Significance and impactThis is the first scientific report on soil bacteria from northern region of Pakistan as per our knowledge. Therefore, screening of soil bacteria for antibacterial activity from unexplored area may contribute towards new antibiotic. Selected soil strain in the current study exhibited promising antibacterial activity against human pathogenic MDR bacterial strains.

Mechanism of boron tolerance in soil bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iftikhar Ahmed ◽  
Toru Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Boron Tolerance ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Comparative Phylogenetic Analysis

Boron (B) is toxic to living cells at levels above a certain threshold. We isolated several B-tolerant bacterial strains from soil samples and studied them for possible mechanisms of B tolerance. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and comparative phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the isolates belong to the following 6 genera: Arthrobacter , Rhodococcus , Lysinibacillus , Algoriphagus , Gracilibacillus , and Bacillus . These isolates exhibited B-tolerance levels of 80, 100, 150, 300, 450, and 450 mmol/L, respectively, whilst maintaining a significantly lower intracellular B concentration than in the medium. Statistical analysis showed a negative correlation between the protoplasmic B concentration and the degree of tolerance to a high external B concentration. The kinetic assays suggest that the high B efflux and (or) exclusion are the tolerance mechanisms against a high external B concentration in the isolated bacteria.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification of Polyhydroxyalkanoates-Producing Bacteria Isolated from Enriched Microbial Community

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
SŁAWOMIR CIESIELSKI ◽  
TOMASZ POKOJ ◽  
JUSTYNA MOŻEJKO ◽  
EWA KLIMIUK
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Cultivation Strategy ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Potential Use

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are especially interesting because of their similar properties to synthetic plastics and their potential use as biodegradable polymers. Many strategies have been employed to effectively and economically produce PHAs, among them a production process based on mixed microbial populations, enriched from activated sludge could be one of the alternative technologies. Defining the bacterial species creating these anonymous populations is crucial for the improvement of cultivation strategy. Moreover, enriched bacterial populations could be a promising source for microbes, useful in many biotechnological projects. The main object of this study was to characterize the microorganisms creating the microbial consortium cultured towards PHAs production. After cultivation, bacteria were identified using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach. The presence of genes engaged in PHAs synthesis was detected using PCR. The performed analysis revealed that among eleven isolated bacterial strains, four possessed the ability of polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis.

scholarly journals Maribacter stanieri sp. nov., a marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga I. Nedashkovskaya ◽  
Seung Bum Kim ◽  
Valery V. Mikhailov
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
The Family ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Sequence Similarities

The taxonomic status of two novel heterotrophic, Gram-negative, gliding and yellow pigmented bacterial strains was established in this study. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the strains formed a distinct lineage within the genus Maribacter, a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae, with sequence similarities of 96.3–98.5 % to recognized species of the genus Maribacter. The maximum growth temperature of the strains was 35 °C and they required NaCl or seawater for growth. They hydrolysed aesculin and gelatin, reduced nitrates to nitrites and produced acid from carbohydrates. The DNA G+C contents of strains KMM 6025 and KMM 6046T were 36–37 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, it is suggested that the new isolates represent a novel species of the genus Maribacter, for which the name Maribacter stanieri sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KMM 6046T (=KCTC 22023T=LMG 22581T).

scholarly journals Campylobacter insulaenigrae bacteremia with meningitis: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moe Kyotani ◽  
Tsuneaki Kenzaka ◽  
Hozuka Akita ◽  
Soichi Arakawa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Fisher Syndrome ◽  
First Case

Abstract Background The bacterium Campylobacter insulaenigrae was first isolated from marine mammals of Scotland in 2004. Only one case of C. insulaenigrae infection in humans has been previously reported. Case presentation An 89-year-old Japanese man without dementia was admitted to our hospital, because he presented with a fever of 38 °C and weakness in right leg since 5 days. He had organized chronic subdural hematoma (CSH), and no history of pre-infection. At the time of admission, he had paralysis of the extraocular muscle, ataxia, and low manual muscle test score of the right side. He was suspected to have Miller Fisher syndrome; however, these symptoms improved without any treatment. On day 22 in the hospital, the patient presented a fever of 38.8 °C, left cranial nerve disorder, and hemiplegia. On day 25, the patient presented with signs of meningeal irritation; cerebrospinal fluid examination indicated an increase in the number of apocytes and a low glucose level. A contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the patient’s head indicated a contrast enhancement effect in his right meninges. The blood culture showed presence of spirillums; 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed that the spirillums in the blood culture were Campylobacter insulaenigrae (C. insulaenigrae). We started treatment with meropenem for bacteremia and meningitis. When the symptoms improved, meropenem was replaced with ampicillin, based on the result of the drug sensitivity test. The treatment continued for 4 weeks. Conclusions We report the first case of meningitis caused by C. insulaenigrae bacteremia in humans, and the second clinical report of C. insulaenigrae infection in humans. The bacterial strains isolated from humans and marine mammals had different genotypes. This suggests that different genotypes could be responsible for differences in the hosts. Further case studies are needed to establish the reasons behind the difference in the manifestations of C. insulaenigrae infections reported so far.

scholarly journals Are There Benefits from Thermal Bacteria for Health? The Hydrogenome Role

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1439
Author(s):  
Patrick Pascoal-Ferreira ◽  
Daniel Glez-Peña ◽  
Carla Miranda ◽  
Patrícia Poeta ◽  
João Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Physicochemical Composition ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

In recent years, natural thermal mineral waters have been gaining the special attention of the scientific community, namely in the prevention and treatment of some diseases, due to the microbial properties that exist in these habitats. The aim of this work was to characterize the physicochemical composition and the microbial taxonomic communities present in three thermal waters of the Galician region in Spain and two samples of the northern region in Portugal. These collected water samples were analyzed for physicochemical characterization and the respective hydrogenome of the waters using next generation sequencing together with 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The sequencing showed a high diversity of microorganisms in all analyzed waters; however, there is a clear bacterial predominance of Proteobacteria phylum, followed by Firmicutes, Deinococcus-Thermus, Aquificae and Nitrospira. The main physicochemical parameters responsible for the clustering within the Spanish waters were sulfur compounds (SO32− and S2−), CO32− and neutral pH, and in the Portuguese waters were Mg, Ca and Sr, nitrogen compounds (NO3− and NH4+), Na, Rb, conductivity and dry residue. This work will allow for a better understanding of the microbial community’s composition and how these microorganisms interfere in the physicochemical constitution of these waters often associated with medicinal properties. Furthermore, the hydrogenome may be used as an auxiliary tool in the practice of medical hydrology, increasing the likelihood of safe use of these unique water types.

scholarly journals Identification and Genomic Characterization of Pathogenic Bacillus altitudinis from Common Pear Trees in Morocco

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1344
Author(s):  
Naima Lemjiber ◽  
Khalid Naamani ◽  
Annabelle Merieau ◽  
Abdelhi Dihazi ◽  
Nawal Zhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacillus Altitudinis ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Bacterial burn is one of the major diseases affecting pear trees worldwide, with serious impacts on producers and economy. In Morocco, several pear trees (Pyrus communis) have shown leaf burns since 2015. To characterize the causal agent of this disease, we isolated fourteen bacterial strains from different parts of symptomatic pear trees (leaves, shoots, fruits and flowers) that were tested in planta for their pathogenicity on Louise bonne and Williams cultivars. The results showed necrotic lesions with a significant severity range from 47.63 to 57.77% on leaves of the Louise bonne cultivar inoculated with isolate B10, while the other bacterial isolates did not induce any disease symptom. 16S rRNA gene sequencing did not allow robust taxonomic discrimination of the incriminated isolate. Thus, we conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic analyzes based on gyrA, gyrB and cdaA gene sequences, indicating that this isolate belongs to the Bacillus altitudinis species. This taxonomic classification was further confirmed by the Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) and the in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (isDDH) analyzes compared to sixty-five Bacillus spp. type strains. The genome was mined for genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) known to play a role in the vegetal tissue degradation. 177 candidates with functions that may support the in planta phytopathogenicity results were identified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first data reporting B. altitudinis as agent of leaf burn in P. communis in Morocco. Our dataset will improve our knowledge on spread and pathogenicity of B. altitudinis genotypes that appears as emergent phytopathogenic agent, unveiling virulence factors and their genomic location (i.e., within genomic islands or the accessory genome) to induce trees disease.

scholarly journals Xylanolytic Psychotrophs From Andosolic Sedge Fens and Moss Heaths in Iceland

Fine Focus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-186
Author(s):  
Olivia J. Rickman ◽  
M. Auður Sigurbjörnsdóttir ◽  
Oddur Vilhemsson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cold Environments ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Xylanolytic Activity ◽  
Cold Active ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Rhizophila

Nine xylanolytic bacterial strains were isolated from fen and heath soils in northern Iceland. They were found by 16S rRNA gene sequencing to belong to the genera Paenibacillus, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas. Using a simple, plate-based semiquantitative assay with azo-crosslinked xylan as the substrate, it was determined that although isolated from cold environments, most of the strains displayed greater xylanolytic activity under mesophilic conditions, with only the paenibacilli displaying markedly cold-active xylanolytic activity. Indeed, for one isolate, Paenibacillus castaneae OV2122, xylanolytic activity was only detected at 15°C and below under the conditions tested. Of the nine strains, Paenibacillus amylolyticus OV2121 displayed the greatest activity at 5°C. Glycohydrolase family-specific PCR indicated that the paenibacilli produced multiple xylanases of families 10 and 11, whereas a family 8 xylanase was detected in Pseudomonas kilonensis AL1515, and a family 11 xylanase in Stenotrophomonas rhizophila AL1610.

Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial and Synergistic activity of Dittrichia Viscosa Extracts against Multi-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Rhazi Fouzia
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Dittrichia Viscosa ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Study contextual: Faced with the global problem of antimicrobial resistance, and the use of traditional medicine for the research of antibacterial biomolecules. Aim: our work focused on the valorization of a medicinal plant Dittrichia viscosa which has many therapeutic and culinary virtues worldwide. Methods: To do this, a phytochemical screening of the leafy stems of the plant is carried out according to a set of physicochemical reactions, as well as an in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity, of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts against multi-resistant bacterial strains, by microdilution technique on microplates. An evaluation of the synergistic interaction between extracts and weakened antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria was also highlighted in this study. Results: The tests revealed the richness of Dittrichia viscosa species by tannins, flavonoids, saponosides, sterols and triterpenes. As for the antibacterial effect, the MICs range from 0.858±0.29 to 66.66 ± 0.00 mg / ml and the MBCs from 4.300 ± 1.01 to 11.610 ± 2.31 mg / ml is an interesting antibacterial activity. Regarding the combination of extracts with antibiotics tested, it revealed a synergistic action inducing an amplification of the antibacterial power of Penicillin, Imipenem and Erythromycin with a rate that reaches 471%. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Dittrichia viscosa have interesting and promising antibacterial activity in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries.

scholarly journals Clonal Populations of ThermotolerantEnterobacteriaceae in Recreational Water and Their Potential Interference with Fecal Escherichia coli Counts

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 4934-4938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L. McLellan ◽  
Annette D. Daniels ◽  
Alissa K. Salmore
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Glucuronidase Activity

ABSTRACT Bacterial strains were isolated from beach water samples using the original Environmental Protection Agency method for Escherichia coli enumeration and analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Identical PFGE patterns were found for numerous isolates from 4 of the 9 days sampled, suggesting environmental replication. 16S rRNA gene sequencing, API 20E biochemical testing, and the absence of β-glucuronidase activity revealed that these clonal isolates were Klebsiella, Citrobacter, and Enterobacter spp. In contrast, 82% of the nonclonal isolates from water samples were confirmed to be E. coli, and 16% were identified as other fecal coliforms. These nonclonal isolates produced a diverse range of PFGE patterns similar to those of isolates obtained directly from untreated sewage and gull droppings. β-Glucuronidase activity was critical in distinguishingE. coli from other fecal coliforms, particularly for the clonal isolates. These findings demonstrate that E. coli is a better indicator of fecal pollution than fecal coliforms, which may replicate in the environment and falsely elevate indicator organism levels.

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