scholarly journals Probing the origin of matching functional jaws: roles of Dlx5/6 in cranial neural crest cells

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miki Shimizu ◽  
Nicolas Narboux-Nême ◽  
Yorick Gitton ◽  
Camille de Lombares ◽  
Anastasia Fontaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Pharyngeal Arch ◽  
Generate Functional ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Upper Jaw ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Endodermal Cells

SUMMARYGnathostome jaws derive from the first pharyngeal arch (PA1), a complex structure constituted by Neural Crest Cells (NCCs), mesodermal, ectodermal and endodermal cells. Here, to determine the regionalized morphogenetic impact of Dlx5/6 expression, we specifically target their inactivation or overexpression to NCCs. NCC-specific Dlx5/6 inactivation (NCCΔDlx5/6) generates severely hypomorphic lower jaws that present typical maxillary traits. Therefore, differently from the symmetric jaws obtained after constitutive Dlx5/6 inactivation, NCCΔDlx5/6 embryos present a strikingly asymmetric mouth. Reciprocally, forced Dlx5 expression in maxillary NCCs provokes the appearance of distinct mandibular characters in the upper jaw. We conclude that: 1) Dlx5/6 activation in NCCs invariably determines lower jaw identity; 2) the morphogenetic processes that generate functional matching jaws depend on the harmonization of Dlx5/6 expression in NCCs and in distinct ectodermal territories. The co-evolution of synergistic opposing jaws requires the coordination of distinct regulatory pathways involving the same transcription factors in distant embryonic territories.

scholarly journals Modulation of β-catenin levels is critical for cranial neural crest patterning and dispersal into first pharyngeal arch

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Javali ◽  
Vairavan Laxmanan ◽  
Dasaradhi Palakodeti ◽  
Ramkumar Sambasivan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Pharyngeal Arch ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Pharyngeal Arches ◽  
Cell Arrangement ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest Cells

AbstractVertebrate cranial neural crest cells (CNCC) are multipotent. Proximal to the source CNCC form the cranial ganglia. Distally, in the pharyngeal arches, they give rise to the craniofacial skeleton and connective tissues. Fate choices are made as CNCC pattern into distinct destination compartments. In spite of this importance, the mechanism patterning CNCC is poorly defined. Here, we report that a novel β-catenin-controlled switch in the cell arrangement is critical in patterning CNCC. In mouse embryos, at the first pharyngeal arch axial level, membrane β-catenin levels correlate with the extent of cell-cell adhesion and thus, with a collective or a dispersed state of CNCC. Using in vitro human neural crest model and chemical modulators of β-catenin levels, we show a requirement for down-modulating β-catenin for the collective-to-dispersed switch. Similarly, in β-catenin gain of function mutant mouse embryos, CNCC fail to disperse, which may underlie their failure to populate first pharyngeal arch. Thus, we show that β-catenin-mediated regulation of CNCC tissue architecture, a previously underappreciated mechanism, underlies the patterning of CNCC into fate-specific compartments.Summary statementThe report shows a crucial step in cranial neural crest patterning. Neural crest cells invading the pharyngeal arches transition from a collective to a dispersed state. This transition in cell arrangement is dependent on membrane β-catenin levels.

Laser capture microdissection of fluorescently labeled embryonic cranial neural crest cells

genesis ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasker Bhattacherjee ◽  
Partha Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Saurabh Singh ◽  
Emily A. Roberts ◽  
Rita C. Hackmiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Laser Capture Microdissection ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Laser Capture

sucker encodes a zebrafish Endothelin-1 required for ventral pharyngeal arch development

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (17) ◽  
pp. 3815-3828 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.T. Miller ◽  
T.F. Schilling ◽  
K. Lee ◽  
J. Parker ◽  
C.B. Kimmel
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Paraxial Mesoderm ◽  
Dorsoventral Patterning ◽  
Surface Ectoderm ◽  
Pharyngeal Arches ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Arch Neural

Mutation of sucker (suc) disrupts development of the lower jaw and other ventral cartilages in pharyngeal segments of the zebrafish head. Our sequencing, cosegregation and rescue results indicate that suc encodes an Endothelin-1 (Et-1). Like mouse and chick Et-1, suc/et-1 is expressed in a central core of arch paraxial mesoderm and in arch epithelia, both surface ectoderm and pharyngeal endoderm, but not in skeletogenic neural crest. Long before chondrogenesis, suc/et-1 mutant embryos have severe defects in ventral arch neural crest expression of dHAND, dlx2, msxE, gsc, dlx3 and EphA3 in the anterior arches. Dorsal expression patterns are unaffected. Later in development, suc/et-1 mutant embryos display defects in mesodermal and endodermal tissues of the pharynx. Ventral premyogenic condensations fail to express myoD, which correlates with a ventral muscle defect. Further, expression of shh in endoderm of the first pharyngeal pouch fails to extend as far laterally as in wild types. We use mosaic analyses to show that suc/et-1 functions nonautonomously in neural crest cells, and is thus required in the environment of postmigratory neural crest cells to specify ventral arch fates. Our mosaic analyses further show that suc/et-1 nonautonomously functions in mesendoderm for ventral arch muscle formation. Collectively our results support a model for dorsoventral patterning of the gnathostome pharyngeal arches in which Et-1 in the environment of the postmigratory cranial neural crest specifies the lower jaw and other ventral arch fates.

scholarly journals Cranial neural crest cells on the move: Their roles in craniofacial development

2010 ◽  
Vol 155 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwight R. Cordero ◽  
Samantha Brugmann ◽  
Yvonne Chu ◽  
Ruchi Bajpai ◽  
Maryam Jame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Craniofacial Development ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest Cells
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