scholarly journals Testing competing models of dorsal anterior cingulate

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Vassena ◽  
James Deraeve ◽  
William H. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Empirical Testing ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Competing Models ◽  
Empirical Tests

Recent theories have attempted to provide unifying accounts of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), a region routinely observed in studies of cognitive control and decision-making. Despite the proliferation of frameworks, rigorous empirical testing has lagged behind theory. Here we test competing predictions of three accounts of dACC using a simple value-based decision-making task. We find that the Predicted Response-Outcome model provides an integrative and parsimonious account of our results. Our results highlight the need for increased emphasis on empirical tests of theoretical frameworks.

scholarly journals Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex: A role in reward-based decision making

2001 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 523-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bush ◽  
B. A. Vogt ◽  
J. Holmes ◽  
A. M. Dale ◽  
D. Greve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex

scholarly journals Macaque anterior cingulate cortex deactivation impairs performance and alters lateral prefrontal oscillatory activities in a rule-switching task

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liya Ma ◽  
Jason L. Chan ◽  
Kevin Johnston ◽  
Stephen G. Lomber ◽  
Stefan Everling
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Phase Amplitude ◽  
Switching Task

SUMMARYIn primates, both the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) are key regions of the frontoparietal cognitive control network. To study the role of the dACC and its communication with the dlPFC in cognitive control, we recorded the local field potentials from the dlPFC before and during the reversible deactivation of the dACC, in macaque monkeys engaging in uncued switches between two stimulus-response rules. Cryogenic dACC deactivation impaired response accuracy during rule-maintenance, but not rule-switching, which coincided with a reduction in the correct-error difference in dlPFC beta activities specifically during maintenance of the more challenging rule. During both rule switching and maintenance, dACC deactivation prolonged the animals’ reaction time and reduced task-related theta/alpha activities in the dlPFC; it also weakened dlPFC theta-gamma phase-amplitude modulation. Thus, the dACC and its interaction with the dlPFC plays a critical role in the maintenance of a new, challenging rule.

scholarly journals Neuronal Activity in Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex during Economic Choices under Variable Action Costs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinying Cai ◽  
Camillo Padoa-Schioppa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
The One ◽  
Economic Choices

The role of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACCd) in decision making has often been discussed but remains somewhat unclear. On the one hand, numerous studies implicated this area in decisions driven by effort or action cost. On the other hand, work on economic choices between goods (under fixed action costs) found that neurons in ACCd encoded only post-decision variables. To advance our understanding of the role played by this area in decision making, we trained monkeys to choose between different goods (juice types) offered in variable amounts and with different action costs. Importantly, the task design dissociated computation of the action cost from planning of any particular action. Neurons in ACCd encoded the chosen value and the binary choice outcome in several reference frames (chosen juice, chosen cost, chosen action). Thus, this area provided a rich representation of post-decision variables. In contrast, neurons in ACCd did not represent pre-decision variables such as individual offer values in any reference frame. Hence, ongoing decisions are unlikely guided by ACCd. Conversely, neuronal activity in this area might inform subsequent choices.

Decision-making under Risk: An fMRI Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1642-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Hewig ◽  
Thomas Straube ◽  
Ralf H. Trippe ◽  
Nora Kretschmer ◽  
Holger Hecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Decision Making Under Risk ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Decision Under Risk ◽  
Decisions Under Risk ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Increased Activity

Recent research has focused on decision-making under risk and its neural bases. Two kinds of bad decisions under risk may be defined: too risky decisions and too cautious decisions. Here we show that suboptimal decisions of both kinds lead to increased activity in the anterior cingulate cortex in a Blackjack gambling task. Moreover, this increased activity is related to the avoidance of the negatively evaluated decision under risk. These findings complement other results suggesting an important role of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex in reward-based decision-making and conflict resolution.

scholarly journals Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex Encodes the Integrated Incentive Motivational Value of Cognitive Task Performance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie M. Yee ◽  
Jennifer L. Crawford ◽  
Bidhan Lamichhane ◽  
Todd S. Braver
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Task Performance ◽  
The Brain

AbstractHumans can seamlessly combine value signals from diverse motivational incentives, yet it is not well-understood how these signals are “bundled” in the brain to modulate cognitive control. The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is theorized to integrate motivational value dimensions in the service of goal-directed action, though this hypothesis has yet to receive rigorous confirmation. In the present study, we examined the role of human dACC in motivational incentive integration. Healthy young adult men and women were scanned with fMRI while engaged in an experimental paradigm that quantifies the combined effects of liquid (e.g., juice, neutral, saltwater) and monetary incentives on cognitive task performance. Monetary incentives modulated trial-by-trial dACC activation, whereas block-related effects of liquid incentives on dACC activity were observed. When bundled together, incentive-related dACC modulation predicted fluctuations in both cognitive performance and self-report motivation ratings. Statistical mediation analyses suggest that dACC encoded the incentives in terms of their integrated subjective motivational value, and that this value signal was most proximally associated with task performance. Finally, we confirmed that these incentive integration effects were selectively present in dACC. Together, the results support an account in which dACC integrates motivational signals to compute the expected value of goal-directed cognitive control.Significance StatementHow are primary and secondary incentives integrated in the brain to influence goal-directed behavior? Using an innovative experimental fMRI paradigm that combines motivational incentives that have historically been studied independently between species (e.g., monetary rewards for humans, food rewards for animals), we examine the relationship between incentive motivational value and cognitive control allocation. We find evidence that the integrated incentive motivational value of combined incentives is encoded in human dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Further, self-reported motivational shifts mediated the effects of incentive-modulated dACC activity on task performance, revealing convergence in how self-reported and experimentally-induced motivation are encoded in the human brain. Our findings may inform future translational studies examining affective/motivational and cognitive impairments in psychopathology (e.g., anxiety, depression, addiction).

scholarly journals Neuronal activity in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex during economic choices under variable action costs

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinying Cai ◽  
Camillo Padoa-Schioppa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
The One ◽  
Economic Choices

The role of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACCd) in decision making has often been discussed but remains somewhat unclear. On the one hand, numerous studies implicated this area in decisions driven by effort or action cost. On the other hand, work on economic choices between goods (under fixed action costs) found that neurons in ACCd encoded only post-decision variables. To advance our understanding of the role played by this area in decision making, we trained monkeys to choose between different goods (juice types) offered in variable amounts and with different action costs. Importantly, the task design dissociated computation of the action cost from planning of any particular action. Neurons in ACCd encoded the chosen value and the binary choice outcome in several reference frames (chosen juice, chosen cost, chosen action). Thus, this area provided a rich representation of post-decision variables. In contrast to the OFC, neurons in ACCd did not represent pre-decision variables such as individual offer values in any reference frame. Hence, ongoing decisions are unlikely guided by ACCd. Conversely, neuronal activity in this area might inform subsequent actions.

scholarly journals Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Alters Conflict and Emotional Processing, Physiology, and Performance I: Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex Targeting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fini ◽  
William J. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Attention ◽  
Transcranial Focused Ultrasound

ABSTRACTThe dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) operates as an integrator of bottom-up and top-down signals and is implicated in both cognitive control and emotional processing. The dACC is believed to be causally involved in switching between attention networks, and previous work has linked it to cognitive performance, concentration, relaxation, and emotional distraction. The present study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of influencing default mode network (DMN) activity and emotional attention by targeting and modulating the dACC with transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS). Subjects were divided into two groups, one receiving MR-neuronavigated tFUS to the dACC and the other an identical, but inactive tFUS sham. Subjects performed a modified version of the Erikson flanker paradigm using fear and neutral faces as emotional background distractors. Our observations demonstrate that tFUS can be targeted to the human dACC to produce effects consistent with those expected from relaxed contention, including significantly reduced reaction time slowing due to emotional distractors, and an increase in parasympathetic markers of the HRV. These results suggest that tFUS altered emotional processing and enhanced sustained attention, perhaps by facilitating reduced attentional engagement with emotional distractors and reduced need for attention switching evidenced by significant effects on event related potentials (ERPs), reduced alpha suppression, and modulation of delta and theta EEG activity. We conclude that the dACC represents a viable neuroanatomical target for tFUS in order to modulate DMN activity, including emotional attention, conflict resolution, and cognitive control. These effects of dACC-targeted tFUS may prove useful for treating certain mental health disorders known to involve perturbed DMN activity, such as depression and anxiety.

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