scholarly journals Intrinsic equivalence between developmental prosopagnosia questionnaires

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Matsuyoshi ◽  
Katsumi Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractThe 20-item prosopagnosia index (PI20) is a self-report measure of face recognition ability, which is aimed to assess the risk for developmental prosopagnosia (DP), developed by Shah, Gaule, Sowden, Bird, and Cook (2015). Although they validated PI20 in several ways and it may serve as a quick and cost-effective measure for estimating DP risk (Livingston & Shah, in press; Shah et al., 2015), they did not formally evaluate its validity against a pre-existing alternative questionnaire (Kennerknecht et al., 2008) even though they criticized the weak relationship of the pre-existing questionnaire to actual behavioral face recognition performance. Thus, we administered the questionnaires to a large population (N = 855) and found a very strong correlation (r = 0.82 [95% confidence interval: 0.80, 0.84]), a principal component that accounted for more than 90% of the variance, and comparable reliability between the questionnaires. These results show unidimensionality and equivalence between the two questionnaires, or at least, a very strong common latent factor underlying them. The PI20 may not be greater than the pre-existing questionnaire; the two questionnaires measured essentially the same trait. The intrinsic equivalence between the questionnaires necessitates a revision of the view that the PI20 overcomes the weakness of the pre-existing questionnaire. Because both questionnaires contained unreliable items, we suggest, instead of using either questionnaire alone, that selection of a set of items with high reliability may offer a more robust approach to capture face recognition ability.

Associations between self-reported and actual face recognition abilities are only evident in above- and below-average recognisers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Estudillo ◽  
Wong Hoo Keat
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
General Studies ◽  
Typical Range ◽  
Report Measure

The 20-Item Prosopagnosia Items (PI-20) was recently introduced as a self-report measure of face recognition abilities and as an instrument to help the diagnosis of prosopagnosia. In general, studies using this questionnaire have shown that observers have moderate to strong insights into their face recognition abilities. However, it remains unknown whether these insights are equivalent for the whole range of face recognition abilities. The present study investigates this issue using the Mandarin version of the PI-20 and the Cambridge Face Memory Test Chinese (CFMT-Chinese). Our results showed a moderate negative association between the PI-20 and the CFMT-Chinese. However, this association was driven by people with low and high face recognition ability, but absent in people within the typical range of face recognition performance. The implications of these results for the study of individual differences and the diagnosis of prosopagnosia are discussed.

scholarly journals Associations between self-reported and objective face recognition abilities are only evident in above- and below-average recognisers

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10629
Author(s):  
Alejandro J. Estudillo ◽  
Hoo Keat Wong
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
General Studies ◽  
Typical Range ◽  
Report Measure

The 20-Item Prosopagnosia Items (PI-20) was recently introduced as a self-report measure of face recognition abilities and as an instrument to help the diagnosis of prosopagnosia. In general, studies using this questionnaire have shown that observers have moderate to strong insights into their face recognition abilities. However, it remains unknown whether these insights are equivalent for the whole range of face recognition abilities. The present study investigates this issue using the Mandarin version of the PI-20 and the Cambridge Face Memory Test Chinese (CFMT-Chinese). Our results showed a moderate negative association between the PI-20 and the CFMT-Chinese. However, this association was driven by people with low and high face recognition ability, but absent in people within the typical range of face recognition performance. The implications of these results for the study of individual differences and the diagnosis of prosopagnosia are discussed.

scholarly journals Facing the facts: Naive participants have only moderate insight into their face recognition and face perception abilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 872-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna K Bobak ◽  
Viktoria R Mileva ◽  
Peter JB Hancock
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
Object Processing ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Report Measure

A reliable self-report measure to assess the broad spectrum of face recognition ability (FRA) from developmental prosopagnosia (DP) to super-recognition would make a valuable contribution to initial screening of large populations. We examined the performance of 96 naive participants and seven super-recognisers (SRs) using a range of face and object processing tasks and a newly developed 20-item questionnaire, the Stirling Face Recognition Scale (SFRS). Overall, our findings suggest that young adults have only moderate insight into their FRA, but those who have been previously informed of their (exceptional) performance, the SRs, estimate their FRA accurately. Principal component analysis of SFRS yielded two components. One loads on questions about low ability and correlates with perceptual tasks, and one loads on questions about high FRA and correlates with memory for faces. We recommend that self-report measures of FRA should be used in addition to behavioural testing, to allow for cross-study comparisons, until new, more reliable instruments of self-report are developed. However, self-report measures should not be solely relied upon to identify highly skilled individuals. Implications of these results for theory and applied practice are discussed.

The Effect of Implicit Racial Bias on Recognition of Other-Race Faces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobiasz Trawinski ◽  
Araz Aslanian ◽  
Olivia S. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Racial Bias ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Implicit Bias ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
The Other ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Implicit Racial Bias ◽  
Recognition Ability

Previous research has established a possible link between recognition performance, individuation experience, and implicit racial bias of other-race faces. However, it remains unclear how implicit racial bias might influence other-race face processing in observers with relatively extensive experience with the other race. Here we examined how recognition of other-race faces might be modulated by observers’ implicit racial bias, in addition to the effects of experience and face recognition ability. Caucasian participants in a culturally diverse city completed a memory task for Asian and Caucasian faces, an implicit association test, an experience questionnaire towards Asians and Caucasians, and a face recognition ability test. Overall, participants showed significantly better recognition performance for other- than own-race faces. More importantly, recognition performance for other-race faces was positively predicted by increased face recognition ability, experience with Asians, and negatively predicted by increased positive bias towards Asians, which was modulated by an interaction between face recognition ability and implicit bias, with the effect of implicit bias observed predominantly in observers with high face recognition ability. Moreover, significant differences were observed among the positions of the first two fixations when participants learned the other-race faces, with the first fixation modulated by the effect of experience and the second fixation modulated by the interaction between implicit bias and face recognition ability. Taken together, these findings suggest the complexity in understanding the perceptual and socio-cognitive influences on the other-race effect, and that observers with high face recognition ability may more likely evaluate racial features involuntarily when recognizing other-race faces.

scholarly journals The 20-item prosopagnosia index (PI20): a self-report instrument for identifying developmental prosopagnosia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 140343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punit Shah ◽  
Anne Gaule ◽  
Sophie Sowden ◽  
Geoffrey Bird ◽  
Richard Cook
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Self Report ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Unfamiliar Face ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Objective Tests ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Reliable Classification ◽  
Perceptual Impairment

Self-report plays a key role in the identification of developmental prosopagnosia (DP), providing complementary evidence to computer-based tests of face recognition ability, aiding interpretation of scores. However, the lack of standardized self-report instruments has contributed to heterogeneous reporting standards for self-report evidence in DP research. The lack of standardization prevents comparison across samples and limits investigation of the relationship between objective tests of face processing and self-report measures. To address these issues, this paper introduces the PI20; a 20-item self-report measure for quantifying prosopagnosic traits. The new instrument successfully distinguishes suspected prosopagnosics from typically developed adults. Strong correlations were also observed between PI20 scores and performance on objective tests of familiar and unfamiliar face recognition ability, confirming that people have the necessary insight into their own face recognition ability required by a self-report instrument. Importantly, PI20 scores did not correlate with recognition of non-face objects, indicating that the instrument measures face recognition, and not a general perceptual impairment. These results suggest that the PI20 can play a valuable role in identifying DP. A freely available self-report instrument will permit more effective description of self-report diagnostic evidence, thereby facilitating greater comparison of prosopagnosic samples, and more reliable classification.

scholarly journals Reliability, validity and cut-off score of the Chinese version of the Panic Disorder Severity Scale Self-Report form in patients with panic disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xitong Liu ◽  
Tingting Xu ◽  
Dandan Chen ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Severity Scale

Abstract Background Panic disorder (PD) is often undiagnosed, misdiagnosed, or untreated in non-psychiatric clinical settings. Therefore, a cost-effective, accurate and easy-to-administer instrument for PD assessment is still needed. For that reason, the self-report version of the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS-SR) has been developed and suggested to be a reliable and useful tool in clinical and research settings. The current study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the PDSS-SR and determine the cut-off score of the PDSS-SR. Methods A total of 133 patients with PD in Shanghai were assessed by the PDSS-SR, PDSS and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA). Moreover, 117 patients with non-PD anxiety and 51 healthy subjects also completed the PDSS-SR to construct a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with the scores of PD patients. Results The internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) of the PDSS-SR was 0.72-0.80, and the interrater correlation coefficient was 0.78. The results of principal component analysis and varimax rotation indicated that the PDSS-SR had a two-factor structure, with all seven items having salient loadings. The cut-off score was 4, which was associated with high sensitivity (96.03%) and specificity (61.31%). Conclusions The findings demonstrate that these items and the total score of the PDSS-SR have acceptable reliability and validity in patients with PD and that the PDSS-SR can be used by general doctors for clinical screening in China.

scholarly journals Subjective self-assessment of face recognition ability is only weakly related to objective measures of face recognition performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 979-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Laguesse ◽  
T. Tez ◽  
B. Hall ◽  
J. Irons ◽  
E. McKone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Recognition Ability

scholarly journals The Twenty Item Prosopagnosia Index (PI20) provides meaningful evidence of face recognition impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Tsantani ◽  
Tim Vestner ◽  
Richard Cook
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Typical Range ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Intended Use

The Twenty Item Prosopagnosia Index (PI20) is a self-report questionnaire used for quantifying prosopagnosic traits. This scale is intended to help researchers identify cases of developmental prosopagnosia by providing standardized self-report evidence to complement diagnostic evidence obtained from objective computer-based tasks. In order to respond appropriately to items, prosopagnosics must have some insight that their face recognition is well below average, while non-prosopagnosics need to understand that their relative face recognition ability falls within the typical range. There has been considerable debate about whether participants have the necessary insight into their face recognition abilities to respond appropriately. In the present study, we sought to determine whether the PI20 provides meaningful evidence of face recognition impairment. In keeping with the intended use of the instrument, we used PI20 scores to identify two groups: high-PI20 scorers (those with self-reported face recognition difficulties) and low-PI20 scorers (those with no self-reported face recognition difficulties). We found that participant groups distinguished on the basis of PI20 scores clearly differed in terms of their mean performance on objective measures of face recognition ability. We also found that high-PI20 scorers were more likely to achieve levels of face recognition accuracy associated with developmental prosopagnosia.

scholarly journals Face Recognition Performance in Facing Pose Variation

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alexander Agung Santoso Gunawan ◽  
Reza A Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Face Images ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Pose Variation ◽  
Yaw Angle

There are many real world applications of face recognition which require good performance in uncontrolled environments such as social networking, and environment surveillance. However, many researches of face recognition are done in controlled situations. Compared to the controlled environments, face recognition in uncontrolled environments comprise more variation, for example in the pose, light intensity, and expression. Therefore, face recognition in uncontrolled conditions is more challenging than in controlled settings. In thisresearch, we would like to discuss handling pose variations in face recognition. We address the representation issue us ing multi-pose of face detection based on yaw angle movement of the head as extensions of the existing frontal face recognition by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Then, the matching issue is solved by using Euclidean distance. This combination is known as Eigenfaces method. The experiment is done with different yaw angles and different threshold values to get the optimal results. The experimental results show that: (i) the more pose variation of face images used as training data is, the better recognition results are, but it also increases the processing time, and (ii) the lower threshold value is, the harder it recognizes a face image, but it also increases the accuracy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document