scholarly journals Molecular Typing with COI - DNA Barcode of mosquitoes with medical importance from rural area of La Pintada, Antioquia, Colombia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hoyos-López
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Medical Importance

SummaryDNA barcode is a methodology that allows the identification of species using a short fragment of cytochrome oxidase I and library sequences stored in the barcode of life database (bold>), make up an alternative tool for mosquito identification in areas epidemiologically active for arboviruses, protozoa and bacteria. In our study, we collected 114 adult mosquitoes in a rural area in the municipality of La Pintada (Antioquia, Colombia), and were separate for genus and species using morphological keys. Two Legs were taken of specimens mounted, and these were used for DNA extraction, amplification of COI-Barcode through PCR and sequencing. 38 sequences were characterized of seven mosquito species and used in bold> for molecular identification, subsequent characterization of genetic distances intra/interspecies, and MOTUs grouping by neighbor-joining analyses. Seven MOTUs were separate corresponding to seven species identify by morphological keys. bold> was able to identify five species, and two were identified to the genre. The following medically important mosquitoes were recorded in the rural area from La Pintada(Antioquia): Aedes aegypti, Anopheles triannulatus, Coquillettidia nigricans, Mansonia titillans, Ochlerotatus angustivitatus, Psorophora ferox and Psorophora (Grabhamia)sp.

scholarly journals Molecular identification of species of Physalis (Solanaceae) using a candidate DNA barcode: the chloroplast psbA–trnH intergenic region

Genome ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangguo Feng ◽  
Kaili Jiao ◽  
Yujia Zhu ◽  
Hongfen Wang ◽  
Mengying Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intergenic Region ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Distance Methods ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Related Plant

Physalis L., an important genus of the family Solanaceae, includes many commercially important edible and medicinal species. Traditionally, species identification is based on morphological traits; however, the highly similar morphological traits among species of Physalis make this approach difficult. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of using a popular DNA barcode, the chloroplast psbA–trnH intergenic region, in the identification of species of Physalis. Thirty-six psbA–trnH regions of species of Physalis and of the closely related plant Nicandra physalodes were analyzed. The success rates of PCR amplification and sequencing of the psbA–trnH region were 100%. MEGA V6.0 was utilized to align the psbA–trnH sequences and to compute genetic distances. The results show an apparent barcoding gap between intra- and interspecific variations. Results of both BLAST1 and nearest-distance methods prove that the psbA–trnH regions can be used to identify all species examined in the present study. In addition, phylogenetic analysis using psbA–trnH data revealed a distinct boundary between species. It also confirmed the relationship between species of Physalis and closely related species, as established by previous studies. In conclusion, the psbA–trnH intergenic region can be used as an efficient DNA barcode for the identification of species of Physalis.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from the tropical rainforest of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Muñoz-Gamba ◽  
Katherine Laiton-Donato ◽  
Erick Perdomo-Balaguera ◽  
José Usme-Ciro ◽  
Gabriel Parra-Henao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta rainforest has diverse fauna due to its position in northern Colombia, a Caribbean region with predominantly tropical, dry, and rainforest ecosystems in which there is a high diversity of mosquito species that may act as arbovirus vectors.OBJECTIVESThe present study reports the molecular characterization of select mosquito species in this rainforest.METHODSManual capture methods were used to collect mosquitoes, and the specimens were identified via classical taxonomy. The COI marker was used for species confirmation, and phylogenetic analysis was performed, using the neighbor-joining method, with the Kimura-2-Parameters model.FINDINGSAedes serratus, Psorophora ferox, Johnbelkinia ulopus, Sabethes cyaneus, Wyeomyia aporonoma, Wyeomyia pseudopecten, Wyeomyia ulocoma and Wyeomyia luteoventralis were identified and intra-species variation >2% for most species.MAIN CONCLUSIONSWe report the first records on the genetic variability of mosquitoes in this area and phylogenetic reconstructions allowed for identification at the species level, and the corroboration by means of classical taxonomy suggested complementarity of both methods, which may be employed when morphological or molecular data are poor or not available. The genetic and morphological characterization of jungle mosquito populations will help to understand their biology.

Bacillus thuringiensis spp. israelensis and Control of Aedes aegypti Invasive Mosquitoes Species in Ecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 88-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.I. Patyka ◽  
◽  
M.V. Patyka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fevers ◽  
Evolutionary Features ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
And Control

The review presents materials on microbiocontrol of vector mosquitoes using entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis (Bti). Control of invasive ectoparasites is a major health issue, as mosquito species are capable of transmitting diseases, including extremely dangerous human and animal infections (malaria, tularemia, yellow fever, hemorrhagic fevers, dengue fever, taiga (or tickborne) encephalitis, filariasis, Ku fever, cattle anaplasmosis and many other infections and invasions). Bti is considered worldwide as a promising microbial agent that combines targeted efficacy in protective measures and environmental safety. The study of the effect of Bti δ-endotoxins on the intestinal epithelium of Aedes genus mosquitoes, search and characterization of specific receptors are extremely important for understanding the mechanism of action and activity of entomocidal proteins, the basis of the pathogenic effect of polytypic B. thuringiensis. Synergism, a combination of selective larvicidal action of natural Bti strains in combination with strategies of resistance emergence preventing demonstrate a wide range of possibilities of their use and unique evolutionary features of this endospore-forming bacterium as a modern larvicidal agent against Aedes aegypti population.

A Simple PCR Assay for Discrimination of Dengue Vectors from Nsukka LGA, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Amos Watentena ◽  
Ikem Chris Okoye ◽  
Ikechukwu Eugene Onah ◽  
Onwude Cosmas Ogbonnaya ◽  
Emmanuel Ogudu
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Arboviral Diseases ◽  
Dengue Vectors

Mosquitoes of Aedes species are vectors of several arboviral diseases which continue to be a major public health problem in Nigeria. This study among other things, morphologically identified Aedes mosquitoes collected from Nsukka LGA and used an allele specific PCR amplification for discrimination of dengue vectors. Larval sampling, BG-sentinel traps and modified human landing catches were used for mosquito sampling in two selected autonomous communities of Nsukka LGA (Nsukka and Obimo). A total of 124 Aedes mosquitoes consisting of five (5) different species were collected from April to June, 2019 in a cross-sectional study that covered 126 households, under 76 distinct geographical coordinates. Larvae was mainly collected from plastic containers 73% (n=224), metallic containers 14% (n=43), earthen pots 9% (n=29) and used car tyres 3% (n=9), reared to adult stage 69.35% (n=86), and all mosquitoes were identified using standard morphological keys. Five (5) Aedes mosquito species were captured; Aedes aegypti 83(66.94%), Aedes albopictus 33(26.61%), Aedes simpsoni (4.48%), Aedes luteocephalus (≤1%) and Aedes vittatus (≤1%). Nsukka autonomous community had higher species diversity than Obimo. Allele specific amplification confirmed dengue vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus species on a 2% agarose gel. Since the most recent re-emergence of arboviral diseases is closely associated with Aedes species, findings of this study, therefore, give further evidence about the presence of potential arboviral vectors in Nigeria and describe the role of a simple PCR in discriminating some. Further entomological studies should integrate PCR assays in mosquito vector surveillance.

scholarly journals Transmission Potential of Zika Virus by Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and Ae. mediovittatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations From Puerto Rico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A Zimler ◽  
Donald A Yee ◽  
Barry W Alto
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Transmission Potential ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Local Transmission

Abstract Recurrence of local transmission of Zika virus in Puerto Rico is a major public health risk to the United States, where mosquitoes Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes mediovittatus (Coquillett) are abundant. To determine the extent to which Ae. mediovittatus are capable of transmitting Zika virus and the influence of viremia, we evaluated infection and transmission in Ae. mediovittatus and Ae. aegypti from Puerto Rico using serial dilutions of infectious blood. Higher doses of infectious blood resulted in greater infection rates in both mosquitoes. Aedes aegypti females were up to twice as susceptible to infection than Ae. mediovittatus, indicating a more effective midgut infection barrier in the latter mosquito species. Aedes aegypti exhibited higher disseminated infection (40–95%) than Ae. mediovittatus (<5%), suggesting a substantial midgut escape barrier in Ae. mediovittatus. For Ae. aegypti, transmission rates were low over a range of doses of Zika virus ingested, suggesting substantial salivary gland barriers.

scholarly journals Behavioural response of mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus to synthetic pyrethroid and organophosphorus-based slow-release insecticidal paint

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Dhiman ◽  
Kavita Yadav ◽  
B. N. Acharya ◽  
Raj Kumar Ahirwar ◽  
D. Sukumaran
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Escape Time ◽  
Behavioural Avoidance ◽  
Vector Mosquito ◽  
Contact Exposure

Abstract Background The direct toxicological impact of insecticides on vector mosquitoes has been well emphasized; however, behavioural responses such as excito-repellency and physical avoidance as a result of insecticide exposure have not been much studied. We have demonstrated the excito-repellency and behavioural avoidance in certain vector mosquito species on exposure to a slow-release insecticidal paint (SRIP) formulation in addition to direct toxicity. Methods A SRIP formulation developed by the Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, contains chlorpyriphos, deltamethrin and pyriproxyfen as active insecticides. Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were used to study the excito-repellency response of the formulation. The experiments were performed in a specially designed dual-choice exposure and escape chamber made of transparent polymethyl methacrylate. For the experiments, the SRIP formulation was applied undiluted at a rate of 8 m2 per kg on 15 cm2 metallic surfaces. Mosquitoes were introduced into the exposure chamber, and observations of the movement of mosquitoes into the escape chamber through the exit portal were taken at 1-min intervals for up to 30 min. Results The evaluated formulation displayed strong excito-repellency against all three tested vector mosquito species. Results showed that the ET50 (escape time 50%) for Ae. aegypti, An. stephensi and Cx. quinquefasciatus was 20.9 min, 14.5 min and 17.9 min for contact exposure (CE) respectively. Altogether in CE, the escape rates were stronger in An. stephensi mosquitoes at different time intervals compared to Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. The probit analysis revealed that the determined ET did not deviate from linearity for both non-contact exposure (NCE) and placebo exposure (PE) (χ2 ≤ 7.9; p = 1.0) for Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and for NCE (χ2 = 8.3; p = 1.0) and PE (χ2 = 1.7; p = 1.0) treatments in Cx. quinquefasciatus. Mortality (24 h) was found to be statistically higher (F = 6.4; p = 0.02) in An. stephensi for CE but did not vary for NCE (p ≥ 0.3) and PE (p = 0.6) treatments among the tested mosquito species. Survival probability response suggested that all the three tested species displayed similar survival responses for similar exposures (χ2 ≤ 2.3; p ≥ 0.1). Conclusion The study demonstrates the toxicity and strong behavioural avoidance in known vector mosquito species on exposure to an insecticide-based paint formulation. The combination of insecticides in the present formulation will broaden the overall impact spectrum for protecting users from mosquito bites. The efficacy data generated in the study provide crucial information on the effectiveness of the tested formulation and could be useful in reducing the transmission intensity and disease risk in endemic countries.

scholarly journals Morphophysiological and molecular characterization of millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) varieties for crop improvement in Western Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Vischi ◽  
Nicola Zorzin ◽  
Maria Bernhart ◽  
Johanna Winkler ◽  
Dipak Santra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Novel Foods ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Ne Italy ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Background Global warming and issues in favour of a more sustainable agriculture suggest a reconsideration of minor cereals in European agrosystems. Compared to other summer crops, proso millet has a remarkable drought resistance and could be used to improve crop rotation and biodiversity. Proso millet is also increasingly sought by industry to produce novel foods such as those designed for coeliac patients. In this study, a thorough characterization of 11, commercially available, proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) varieties was carried out as a preliminary step for crop reintroduction and breeding in Western Europe. Methods The cultivars under evaluation were introduced from Austria, Poland, Russia, and the USA (University of Nebraska–Lincoln). Plants were grown at Udine (NE Italy) and Gleisdorf (Styria, Austria), under greenhouse and field conditions, respectively. Yield components and a range of morphophysiological characters were recorded in both locations. In parallel, 85 SSR markers were tested on DNA samples extracted from randomly chosen plants of each variety and the 12 responsive markers used to genotype the whole variety set. Results Morphometric analyses showed that varieties have several diverging phenotypic traits and architectures. In all instances, yields recorded at field level were much lower than potential yields. In this respect, US selections were comparable to earlier developed European varieties, suggesting that breeding for an increased adaptation is the keystone for a stable reintroduction of millet in Western Europe. Molecular analyses uncovered remarkably low genetic differences and heterozygosity levels within cultivars, confirming millet as an essentially autogamous species; in contrast, large genetic distances were noted among cultivars selected in different environments. Results of SSR genotyping combined with those originating from phenotypic analyses indicated possible crosses to source the genetic variability necessary for selection. Conclusions This study enabled the identification of cultivars that could be used to revitalize the crop in Western Europe and to produce genetically variable hybrid progenies exploitable by breeding.

scholarly journals Seasonal abundance and larval habitats characterization of mosquito species in Lagos State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e00656
Author(s):  
Ifeoluwa Kayode Fagbohun ◽  
Emmanuel Taiwo Idowu ◽  
Taiwo Samson Awolola ◽  
Olubunmi Adetoro Otubanjo
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Lagos State
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document