scholarly journals Wavelet for binocular vision modeling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Gaudart ◽  
Jean Gaudart
Keyword(s):  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Neural Coding ◽  
Positive Part ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
Close Match ◽  
Theoretical Position ◽  
Vision Modeling ◽  
Orientation Disparity

AbstractIn the present study, binocular vision properties were modeled using a single elementary wavelet. Opponent responses (ON-OFF) appeared in the first stages of the neural coding in the retina. This property was assumed to build an adequate wavelet showing a positive part (On) and a negative part (OFF). We have examined the experimental orientation and position disparity given by Bishop. We assumed that the theoretical position disparity was given by a combination of two wavelets for a given orientation disparity β. A change in β implied a change in the magnitude of one of the wavelets and consequently a change in the wavelets combination. There was a close match between the theoretical and experimental position disparity curves according to the changes in orientation disparity.

Validity of the Positive Behavior Subscale of the Social Performance Survey Schedule in a Psychiatric Population

1982 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Social Skill ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Positive Part ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Report Measure

Previous research has provided support for the validity of the Social Performance Survey Schedule, a 100-item self-report measure of social skill. However, the scale has separate positive (Part A) and negative (Part B) behavior subscales, the validity of which has not been adequately assessed. The present study examined the validity of the Part A subscale with psychiatric inpatients by comparing scores with an objective measure of social activity, judges' ratings of social skill, and several self-report measures. The results generally supported Part A's validity. The influence of social desirability on Part A scores was discussed and future directions for research were suggested.

scholarly journals Note on discounted continuous-time Markov decision processes with a lower bounding function

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1071-1088
Author(s):  
Xin Guo ◽  
Alexey Piunovskiy ◽  
Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Markov Decision Processes ◽  
Continuous Time ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Positive Part ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
Cost Rate ◽  
Lower Bounding ◽  
Markov Decision ◽  
Unconstrained Problems

AbstractWe consider the discounted continuous-time Markov decision process (CTMDP), where the negative part of each cost rate is bounded by a drift function, sayw, whereas the positive part is allowed to be arbitrarily unbounded. Our focus is on the existence of a stationary optimal policy for the discounted CTMDP problems out of the more general class. Both constrained and unconstrained problems are considered. Our investigations are based on the continuous-time version of the Veinott transformation. This technique has not been widely employed in the previous literature on CTMDPs, but it clarifies the roles of the imposed conditions in a rather transparent way.

scholarly journals Needing and Necessity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Positive Part ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Moral Thought ◽  
Modal Language ◽  
Moral Theorizing

This chapter examines claims about needs (including claims such as ‘Saskia needs medicine’, ‘Fergus needs water’). It shows how recent work on modal language—specifically work on ‘ought’ and ‘must’—can be applied to needs claims, yielding an improved ability to interpret and assess the full range of needs claims. This is the positive part. The chapter then uses this improved understanding of needs claims to assess various positions to the effect that needs are fundamentally, or distinctively, significant for moral thought and moral theorizing. The chapter argues that a proper understanding of claims about needs in fact undermines the idea that needs have such a special significance. This is the negative part. The chapter also discusses different proposals for understanding claims about needs as claims about harm and well-being.

XV.—An Analysis of an Electron - Transference Hypothesis of Chemical Valency and Combination

1920 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 209-233
Author(s):  
John Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Compound ◽  
Positive Part ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
Electrolytic Dissociation ◽  
Chemical Combination ◽  
Lord Kelvin

In this paper it is proposed to analyse in a tentative way the Electron-Transference Hypothesis of Chemical Combination which has been put forward by Lord Kelvin in his paper entitled “Aepinus Atomised” (Phil. Mag., 1902), and by Sir J. J. Thomson (Phil. Mag., 1904).This hypothesis postulates that on the combination of two or more atoms to form a chemical compound electrons are transferred from atoms playing an electro-positive part to those playing an electro-negative part in the molecule, the number of electrons thus transferred being taken as a measure of the valencies of the respective atoms in the molecule. Such an hypothesis would not lead to conceptions at variance with the facts of electrolytic dissociation.

scholarly journals Collision of Epstein–Barr virus-positive and -negative gastric cancer, diagnosed by molecular analysis: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Miyabe ◽  
Motonobu Saito ◽  
Kei Koyama ◽  
Michinobu Umakoshi ◽  
Yukinobu Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Positive Part ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Lymphoid Stroma ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Background Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-positive gastric carcinoma (GC) is defined by the proliferation of GC cells with EBV infection. The co-existence of EBV-positive and -negative components in a single GC is rare. We report a case of GC with the co-existence of EBV-positive and EBV-negative components, in which we performed—for the first time—various molecular analyses to elucidate their histogenesis. Case presentation An 81-year-old man was diagnosed with GC based on the results of endoscopy and a pathological examination of the biopsy specimen. Systemic chemotherapy was performed, since lymph node and lung metastases were diagnosed based on computed tomography. Total gastrectomy and lymph node dissection were performed after chemotherapy, after confirming that the size of the metastatic lymph nodes had decreased and that the lung metastasis had disappeared. Grossly, a type 3 tumor was located in the middle posterior part of the stomach body. At the cut section, the tumor consisted of a white and solid part on the anal side of the tumor and a flat and elevated part on the oral side. Histologically, the former part consisted of GC with lymphoid stroma and the latter part was composed of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma without prominent lymphocytic infiltration. The two histopathological components were clearly separated from each other. On EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER)-in situ hybridization (ISH), the part with the lymphoid stroma component was positive, while the other part was negative. Immunohistochemistry revealed that both components showed the overexpression of p53. Sequencing of TP53 using DNA extracted from the two components was conducted, and revealed different patterns. Targeted next generation sequencing revealed MYC amplification in the EBV-positive component of the tumor and HER2 amplification in the EBV-negative part. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the EBV-positive part was C-MYC( +)/HER2(−) and the EBV-negative part was C-MYC(−)/HER2( +). Correspondingly, chromogenic ISH and dual-color ISH showed amplification of C-MYC and no amplification of HER2 in the EBV-positive part, and no amplification of C-MYC and amplification of HER2 in the EBV-negative part. Conclusion We presented a case of collision of two different GCs composed of EBER-ISH ( +)/C-MYC ( +) and EBER-ISH (−)/HER2 ( +) cells.

scholarly journals Hassliebe. Żydowska samonienawiść w ujęciu Sandera L. Gilmana (część pierwsza: od Hermana z Moguncji do Johannesa Pfefferkorna)

2014 ◽  
pp. 27-59
Author(s):  
Joanna Tokarska-Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Positive Part ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Famous Book ◽  
The Middle Ages

Hassliebe. Jewish self-hatred as seen by Sander L. Gilman (part one: from Hermann of Mainz to Johannes Pfefferkorn)The present paper constitutes the first part of the analysis of Sander L. Gilman’s famous book Jewish Self-Hatred, and the pioneering interpretation of the concept of stereotype. According to Gilman, a stereotype emerges as a result of an active collaboration of the person who stereotypises and the outsider. The latter opposes the image imposed by the stereotype, and thus splits the stereotype into a positive and a negative part. By identifying himself with the positive part, the outsider delegates the purity of classification not only to the subgroup he does not feel any attachment to, but also involuntarily legitimises the stereotype, because without his authorisation, the stereotype would merely remain a racist insult. The article is based on the narrations of Jewish converts to Christianity from the Middle Ages to the 15th century. Hassliebe. Żydowska samonienawiść w ujęciu Sandera L. Gilmana (część pierwsza: od Hermana z Moguncji do Johannesa Pfefferkorna)Tekst jest pierwszą częścią omówienia głośnej książki Sandera L. Gilmana, Jewish Self-Hatred i przedstawionej w niej pionierskiej koncepcji stereotypu, powstającego w ramach aktywnego współdziałania stereotypizującego i outsidera. Ten ostatni, walcząc z narzuconym mu niesprawiedliwym wizerunkiem, dokonuje rozszczepienia stereotypu na pozytywny i negatywny, identyfikując się z tym pierwszym. W ten sposób nie tylko deleguje „nieczystość klasyfikacyjną” na podgrupę, z którą nie czuje związku, ale przede wszystkim niezauważalnie sam legitymizuje stereotyp, który bez jego autoryzacji miałby rangę rasistowskiego oszczerstwa. Materiał źródłowy artykułu stanowią narracje żydowskich konwertytów na chrześcijaństwo od średniowiecza po wiek XV.

Syntactical and semantical properties of simple type theory

1960 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Schütte
Keyword(s):  
Type Theory ◽  
Formal System ◽  
Predicate Calculus ◽  
Simple Type ◽  
Inference Rules ◽  
Positive Part ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
Simple Type Theory ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
Order Predicate Calculus

In my paper [10] I introduced the syntactical concepts “positive part” and “negative part” of logical formulas in first-order predicate calculus. These concepts make it possible to establish logical systems on inference rules similar to Gentzen's inference rules but without using the concept “sequent” and without needing Gentzen's structural inference rules. Proof-theoretical investigations of several formal systems based on positive and negative parts are published in [11]. In this paper I consider a similar formal system of simple type theory.A syntactical concept of “strict derivability” results from the formal system in [10] by generalization of the axioms and inference rules from first to higher-order predicate calculus and by addition of inference rules for set abstraction by means of a λ-symbol which allows us to form set expressions of arbitrary types from well-formed formulas.

Approaching the religious psychiatric patient in a secular country: Does “subalternalizing” religious patients mean they do not exist?

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricko Damberg Nissen ◽  
Frederik Alkier Gildberg ◽  
Niels Christian Hvidt
Keyword(s):  
Religious Coping ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Psychiatric Patient ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Psychiatric Residency ◽  
Positive Part ◽  
Subaltern Studies ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Positive Religious Coping

This article presents the findings of an empirical research project on how psychiatrists in a secular country (Denmark) approach the religious patients, and how the individual worldview of the psychiatrist influences this approach. The study is based on 22 interviews with certified psychiatrists or physicians in psychiatric residency. The article presents the theoretical and methodical grounding and introduces the analytical construct “subalternalizing,” derived from subaltern studies. “Subalternalizing” designates a process where a trait in one worldview (patient) is marginalized as a consequence of another worldview’s (psychiatrist) “disinterest.” The analysis located four categories: (a) religion as a negative part of the patient story, (b) religion as a positive part of the patient story, (c) religion in relation to radicalization, and (d) there are no religious patients. The discussion shows that the approach is influenced by the psychiatrist worldview. Examples of “subalternalizing” are given and how this excludes “positive religious coping” and “existential and spiritual care” from treatment.

scholarly journals Radiographic and clinical characteristics associated with a positive PART (Prone Apprehension Relocation Test): a new provocative exam to elicit hip instability

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-297
Author(s):  
Andrea M Spiker ◽  
Peter D Fabricant ◽  
Alexandra C Wong ◽  
Joash R Suryavanshi ◽  
Ernest L Sink
Keyword(s):  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Positive Part ◽  
Negative Part ◽  
Hip Instability ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Center Edge ◽  
Radiographic Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Historical Methods

Abstract Hip instability due to mild dysplasia can be a diagnostic challenge. The physical exam is an important adjunct to radiographic evaluation for the clinical diagnosis of hip instability. Herein, we describe a new maneuver to replicate hip instability pain, called the PART (Prone Apprehension Relocation Test). We retrospectively identified patients in our institution’s hip preservation registry who presented for evaluation of hip pain. We divided patients into ‘positive’ or ‘negative’ PART and analyzed associated clinical and radiographic findings. Ninety patients (159 hips) were included, 83 female and 7 male, average age 27.3 ± 9.1 years. Thirty-four hips (21.4%) had a positive PART. There were no significant differences in hip range of motion, lateral center edge angle, or in acetabular depth. There was, however, a significant difference in acetabular version at 3 o’clock between the two test groups (18.5 ± 6.9° in negative, 21.2 ± 4.9° in positive, P = 0.045). There was no association between PART and previously described anterior apprehension testing. Historical methods of diagnosing hip dysplasia may not adequately identify patients with clinical hip instability. We describe a new provocative exam, the PART, which may be helpful in replicating hip instability symptoms in patients with anterior acetabular undercoverage. PART positive patients had significantly more acetabular anteversion at the 3 o’clock position, which is measured on computed tomography and is not visible on standard anteroposterior (AP) pelvis or false profile radiographs. We believe that the PART is a valuable supplement to clinical examination and radiographic measurements to identify patients with symptomatic hip instability.

scholarly journals Neural coding of 3D features of objects for hand action in the parietal cortex of the monkey

1998 ◽  
Vol 353 (1373) ◽  
pp. 1363-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Sakata ◽  
Masato Taira ◽  
Makoto Kusunoki ◽  
Akira Murata ◽  
Yuji Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Coding ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Visual Signals ◽  
Association Cortex ◽  
Intraparietal Sulcus ◽  
Visual Neurons ◽  
Axis Orientation ◽  
Random Dot Stereogram ◽  
Orientation Disparity

In our previous studies of hand manipulation task–related neurons, we found many neurons of the parietal association cortex which responded to the sight of three–dimensional (3D) objects. Most of the task–related neurons in the AIP area (the lateral bank of the anterior intraparietal sulcus) were visually responsive and half of them responded to objects for manipulation. Most of these neurons were selective for the 3D features of the objects. More recently, we have found binocular visual neurons in the lateral bank of the caudal intraparietal sulcus (c–IPS area) that preferentially respond to a luminous bar or plate at a particular orientation in space. We studied the responses of axis–orientation selective (AOS) neurons and surface–orientation selective (SOS) neurons in this area with stimuli presented on a 3D computer graphics display. The AOS neurons showed a stronger response to elongated stimuli and showed tuning to the orientation of the longitudinal axis. Many of them preferred a tilted stimulus in depth and appeared to be sensitive to orientation disparity and/or width disparity. The SOS neurons showed a stronger response to a flat than to an elongated stimulus and showed tuning to the 3D orientation of the surface. Their responses increased with the width or length of the stimulus. A considerable number of SOS neurons responded to a square in a random dot stereogram and were tuned to orientation in depth, suggesting their sensitivity to the gradient of disparity. We also found several SOS neurons that responded to a square with tilted or slanted contours, suggesting their sensitivity to orientation disparity and/or width disparity. Area c–IPS is likely to send visual signals of the 3D features of an object to area AIP for the visual guidance of hand actions.

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