scholarly journals Alien leaf beetles of European Russia: native ranges, invasion history, biology and vectors of dispersal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej O. Bieńkowski ◽  
Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Leaf Beetles ◽  
Economic Significance

AbstractInvasions of leaf beetles are of great ecological and economic significance, but poorly studied. The rate of these invasions in Europe is dramatically increasing. Some established species spread quickly occupying almost the whole continent within several decades. We present the first inventory of alien leaf beetles of European Russia. For each species the map of distribution is provided and the history of invasion in the world is discussed. Two species native to Mediterranean Region: Chrysolina americana (pest of Rosmarinus and Lavandula) and Leptomona erythrocephala feeding on Lotus corniculatus are recorded in European Russia for the first time. A polyphagous pest of floriculture Luperomorpha xanthodera native to China and Korea and pest of soybeans Medythia nigrobilineata native to East Asia were recorded in 2016. A pest of tobacco Epitrix hirtipennis native to North America was recorded in 2013. A pest of corn Diabrotica virgifera was intercepted at the border of Russia in 2011, but is not established. Three alien species were recorded in the 20th century: Zygogramma suturalis introduced from North America for control of Ambrosia, Phyllotreta reitteri native to Afghanistan and Tajikistan and feeding on Lepidium latifolium, and the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata. The Black Sea region is more prone to leaf beetle invasions than other regions of European Russia. Leaf beetles usually occur only on alien or cultivated plants. Some species feed on native plants in native communities. So it is difficult to distinguish species established before the 20th century from native ones.

Reconstructing the invasion history of the lily leaf beetle, Lilioceris lilii, in North America

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Dieni ◽  
Jacques Brodeur ◽  
Julie Turgeon
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Lilioceris Lilii ◽  
Lily Leaf Beetle ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Viburnum Leaf Beetle (COLEOPTERA: Chrysomelidae): Biology, Invasion History in North America, and Management Options

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Weston ◽  
Gaylord Desurmont ◽  
Richard E. Hoebeke
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Management Options

scholarly journals Alien leaf beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) of European Russia and some general tendencies of leaf beetle invasions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e0203561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej O. Bieńkowski ◽  
Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Leaf Beetles

scholarly journals Scandinavian/Rus’ Captives and Slave Soldiers: an Eastern Perspective

Viking ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Csete Katona
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Old Norse ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Viking Age ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Eastern Baltic

During the Viking Age (c. AD 750–1050), the Rus’, an inclusive group of warrior-merchants of mainly Scandinavian origin – owning and trading slaves – were active in the East (in this case the eastern Baltic region, European Russia, Belarus, the Ukraine, the Black Sea region, Byzantium, the Caucasus, and beyond). There are several written accounts of Rus’ taken captive in the East during the Viking Age, including information about some of them ending up as slaves. This article will examine different fates of Rus’ captives in these areas, on the basis of contemporary Byzantine, Muslim – and to a limited extent – later Old Slavic and Old Norse written accounts. The sources reveal that the captured Scandinavian/Rus’ warriors often were victims of a special type of subjugation: ‘slave soldiery’. This status will be contrasted to other types of militarily subordination to illuminate the relative social standings of such warrior groups in the East.

scholarly journals The Gmelin’s wagtail Motacilla lutea: breeding range, migratory movements and wintering range

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Ferlini ◽  
Elena Alexandrovna Artemyeva
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
European Russia ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Breeding Range ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Migratory Movements ◽  
Wintering Range

The breeding range, the migratory movements, and the wintering range of the yellow-headed wagtail, called Parus luteus from Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin (now Motacilla flava lutea, or Motacilla lutea for some authors), has always been described in very general terms. Some authors pointed out that a modern and detailed map with the real distribution of the lutea is lacking, especially for evaluating the overlap of breeding ranges with other subspecies of Motacilla flava. The purpose of this study is to fill this gap in information by drawing up an updated map of the breeding range, as well as the wintering range and the migratory movements followed by this wagtail. These same aspects are also considered in perspective terms from 1851 to 2018 in order to assess any changes that have occurred over time. This study is based on data obtained from the consultation of 672 bibliographic sources, 40 travel reports, databases (including 6 relating to museum collections), and some websites. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the breeding range of the lutea is located within the area of the Eurasian steppe and forest-steppe with the greatest abundance occurring in two areas in European Russia: the southern one in the floodplain of the Volga River and the northern one in the floodplain of the Kama River. Similarly to what is happening for the subspecies cinereocapilla and feldegg, from the end of the 20th century the lutea is extending its breeding range west and north. The advancement of the lutea to the western and northern regions of the European portion of Russia became possible due to the westward and northern advancement of key plant communities and food supply facilities of this bird. The lutea mainly uses two migratory routes: the Great Rift Valley Flyway and the Central Asian Flyway. The first is used by birds that nest in European Russia and western Kazakhstan to reach Africa, while the second is probably only used by the minority portion of the population that is present in the central and eastern part of Kazakhstan and in the Asian portion of Russia to reach India and Sri Lanka. Starting from the 21st century, the passage of birds towards north of the Black Sea seems to intensify. East Africa is the main wintering area of the lutea, but starting from the last decades of the 20th century, a small part of the birds traveling towards Africa interrupt their migratory journey and wintering in the Arabian Peninsula.

scholarly journals Plant quarantine alarm: as much as 20 new alien insect pest species includingDrosophila suzukiiappeared in the Caucasus in the last seven years

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej O. Bieńkowski ◽  
Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja ◽  
Natalia N Karpun
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
European Russia ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Black Sea Region

AbstractIn 2011-2017 an unusually high number of invasive pests new to European Russia were detected for the first time in Sochi on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus. We present the first reports of two pests new for the Caucasus and European Russia found in 2017:Drosophila suzukii(a pest of fruit, included to EPPO A2 list) andOtiorhynchus armadillo(a pest of agricultural and ornamental plants). Other recently established insects: a polyphagous pestHalyomorpha halys(first record in 2014); pests of palm trees included to EPPO A2 list:Paysandisia archon(2014) andRhynchophorus ferrugineus(2012); a pest of Solanaceae:Epitrix hirtipennis(2013); a pest of ornamental flowers:Luperomorpha xanthodera(2016); a pest of soybeans:Medythia nigrobilineata(2016); a pest of wine production:Harmonia axyridis(2012); a pest of strawberry:Stelidota geminata(2013); pests ofEucalyptus: Ophelimus maskelli(2011),Glycaspis bremblecomblei(2014),Leptocybe invasa(2014); a pest of Cupressaceae:Lamprodila festiva(2013); a pest ofGleditsia: Dasineura gleditchiae(2011), a pest ofBuxus: Cydalima perspectalis(2012); a pest ofAlbizia: Acizzia jamatonica(2014); a pest ofCercis: Cacopsylla pulchella(2014). Probably most of insects were introduced with imported planting material during the landscaping of the city of Sochi in preparation for the Olympic Games (held in 2014). Quarantine measures should be taken to prevent dispersal of these pests to other regions of the Caucasus and countries of the Black Sea region. Attention should be paid to a new pest for EuropeMedythia nigrobilineata.

Obsidian Exchange Networks in Prehistoric Anatolia: New Data from the Black Sea Region

Paléorient ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Bleda S. Düring ◽  
Bernard Gratuze
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Exchange Networks ◽  
Black Sea Region

The referendum as an institution in the Black Sea Region: Does it signal the rise or collapse of democracy?

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-185
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Podolak
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Democratic Systems ◽  
Important State ◽  
Constitutional Changes

Views on the institution of direct democracy have changed during the period of democratic transition. The various advantages and positive effects of direct democracy have been confirmed by the practice of some democratic countries. Its educational and political activation value for society was also noted, without which civil society cannot form. The referendum is especially treated as the purest form of correlation between the views of society and the decisions of its representatives. In a situation where two representative bodies are present – the parliament and the president – a referendum is considered a means of resolving disputes between them in important state affairs. The referendum is nowadays becoming more than just a binding or consultative opinion on a legislative act, especially a constitution. First and foremost, it is important to see the extension of the type and scope of issues that are subject to direct voting. Apart from the traditional, i.e., constitutional changes, polarising issues that raise considerable emotion have become the subject of referenda. Problems of this type include, in particular, moral issues, membership in international organisations, and so-called ‘New Policy’. This article presents the role and importance of the referendum as an institution shaping the democratic systems of the Black Sea Region.

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