scholarly journals Prevalence of dual clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance in Helicobacter pylori estimated by molecular methods in Santiago, Chile

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio Gonzalez-Hormazabal ◽  
Maher Musleh ◽  
Susana Escandar ◽  
Hector Valladares ◽  
Enrique Lanzarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Initial Approximation ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Metronidazole Resistance ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

AbstractBackgroundCurrent available treatments for Helicobacter pylori eradication are chosen according to local clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance prevalence. The aim of this study was to estimate, by means of molecular methods, both clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance in gastric mucosa from patients infected with H.pylori.MethodsA total of 191 DNA samples were analyzed. DNA was purified from gastric mucosa obtained from patients who underwent an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at an university hospital from Santiago, Chile, between 2011 and 2014. H.pylori was detected by real-time PCR. A 5’exonuclease assay was developed to detect A2142G and A2143G mutations among Hpylori-positive samples. rdxA gene was sequenced in samples harboring A2142G and A2143G mutations in order to detect mutations that potentially confer dual clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance.ResultsNinety-three (93) out of 191 DNA samples obtained from gastric mucosa were H. pylori-positive (48.7%). Clarithromycin-resistance was detected in 29 samples (31.2% [95%CI 22.0%-41.6%]). The sequencing of rdxA gene revealed that two samples harbored truncating mutations in rdxA, one sample had an in-frame deletion, and 11 had amino acid changes that likely cause metronidazole resistance.ConclusionsWe estimated a prevalence of clarithomycin-resistance of 31.8% in Santiago, Chile. The proportion of dual clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance could be, at least, 15.0%. Our results require further confirmation. Nevertheless, they are significant as an initial approximation in re-evaluating the guidelines for H.pylori eradication currently used in Chile.

scholarly journals Association Between Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Helicobacter Pylori Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Amal A. Mohamed ◽  
Shorouk Moussa ◽  
Mahmoud M. Shaheen ◽  
Sherief Abd-Elsalam ◽  
Rehab Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background & Aims: Human genetic polymorphism has been reported in the susceptibility and clinical development of infection. In this regard, this study aimed to investigate the link between Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and H. pylori infection. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 224 adult patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms who underwent an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between July 2017 and May 2019 in two major university hospitals. All patients were evaluated for helicobacter pylori infection. Two gastric antral biopsy specimens were taken from each patient. One of those Biopsy specimens was evaluated for histopathology examination and the other one was immersed in a saline solution ready for genomic DNA extraction. Results: There were statistically significant differences between different genotypes of VDR rs7975232 polymorphism between H. pylori infected and non-infected groups (CC was higher in H. pylori negative and AC and AA were the most common in H. pylori positive group). There were statistical differences between different genotypes of VDR rs2228570 between H. pylori infected and non-infected groups (TT was higher in H. pylori negative and CT and CC were the most common in H. pylori positive group). Regarding VDR rs 7975232 gene polymorphisms; the (A) allele was significantly higher H. pylori infected, while (C) allele was significantly higher in uninfected patients. Regarding VDR rs 2228570 gene polymorphisms; the (C) allele was significantly higher H. pylori infected, while (T) allele was significantly higher in uninfected patients. Conclusion: There is a possible association between the FokI and Apal VDR polymorphism and H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with nodular antritis and follicular gastritis

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratko Tomasevic ◽  
Gradimir Golubovic ◽  
Miroslav Kiurski ◽  
Dragana Stankovic ◽  
Radoje Doder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Antral Mucosa ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Sydney System ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Introduction. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is known to be the must common cause of chronic gastritis having some endoscopic and pathologic characteristies as determinated by the Sydney System for Gastritis Classification. The aim of our case report was to point out the relationship between an endoscopic finding of nodular antritis and the presence of H. pylori infection and active chronic gastritis. Case report. Our patient underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for dyspeptic complaints and was diagnosed as having nodular antritis, but also underwent urease test and hystopathologic examination of antral mucosa, to determine the presence and density of H. pylori infection and the presence and severity of gastritis. After a course of anti H. pylori treatment, dyspepsia improved and new biopsy specimens obtained two months and six months afterwards revealed no pathological findings. Conclusion. The case report supported the association of H. pylori infection of lymphoid follicles with nodular gastric mucosis.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori eradication in renal transplant candidates

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana E. Maioli ◽  
Raquel F. N. Frange ◽  
Cintia M. C. Grion ◽  
Vinicius D. A. Delfino
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Eradication Rate ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Transplant Candidates ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Abstract Introduction: Treatment for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is recommended in transplant candidates due to the association between this infection and gastrointestinal disorders, which could significantly increase morbidity after renal transplantation with the use of immunosuppression. The objective of this study was to analyze the rate of eradication of H. pylori after antimicrobial treatment in chronic kidney disease patients who are candidates for kidney transplantation. Methods: A multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted. All adult chronic kidney disease patients seen at our institution were included. In the pre-transplantation evaluation, 83 patients underwent an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with 2 diagnostic methods to detect H. pylori: histology and the rapid urease test. In total, 33 patients with H. pylori infection received treatment with 20 mg omeprazole, 500 mg amoxicillin, and 500 mg clarithromycin once daily for 14 days. Another upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed 8 to 12 weeks after the end of treatment to check for healing. Results: The study showed a prevalence of H. pylori in 51 (61.4%) patients. Histology was positive in 50 (98%) patients and the rapid urease test was positive in 31 (60.8%). The infection eradication rate was 48.5% (16 patients). Conclusions: There was a high prevalence rate of H. pylori and a low eradication rate after the long-term antimicrobial triple scheme used. The association of the rapid urease test with gastric mucosa histology did not increase the detection rate of H. pylori.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori Infection: Clinical, Endoscopic, and Histological Findings in Lebanese Pediatric Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
F. AL Kirdy ◽  
M. Rajab ◽  
N. El-Rifai
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common and universally distributed bacterial infection. However, in children, active gastritis and ulcer are rarely seen. Objectives. The aims of this study were to establish the prevalence of H. pylori infection and to compare the clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological findings between infected and noninfected pediatric patients at Makassed General Hospital. Methods. Patients aged between 1 month and 17 years who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from January 2011 to January 2017 were included. The diagnosis of H. pylori was confirmed by a CLO test and/or its presence on biopsy specimens. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, endoscopic and histopathological findings, and gastritis score were recorded retrospectively. Results. During the study period, 651 children underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The main indication was abdominal pain (61%). The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 16.5%. The infection was most commonly seen among children aged between 6 and 10 years (43%). A large number of family members were associated with increased risk of infection (4.8±1.5 versus 5.2±1.8; p<0.05). Epigastric pain was more associated with H. pylori (61.3% versus 14.6% in noninfected patients; p<0.05). Nodular gastritis was commonly seen in infected patients (41.5% vs. 7.9%; p<0.05). Mild and moderate gastritis was seen more in infected versus noninfected patients (mild: 53.8% vs. 14%; moderate: 27.4% vs. 2.4%, respectively). Conclusion. Although epigastric pain was associated with H. pylori, other diagnoses should be considered since the infection are rarely symptomatic in children. Antral nodularity was associated with H. pylori infection; however, its absence does not preclude the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients with Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy Owing to Liver Cirrhosis: Prevalence and Relation with Severity of Gastropathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Shekhar Puri ◽  
Mukesh Jain ◽  
Kumar Shwetanshu Narayan ◽  
Sudhakar Pandey ◽  
Sandeep Nijhawan
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Meld Score ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Ctp Score ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Helicobacter pylori is a major human pathogen. Its role in the pathogenesis of portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) is debated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of this infection in patients with portal hypertension due to liver cirrhosis and its relation with severity of gastropathy. Patients and Methods: Sixty consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis were enrolled in the study. All patients were subjected to an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE), and rapid urease testing for H. pylori was performed. The diagnosis and severity of PHG was evaluated on UGIE. ChildαTurcotteαPugh (CTP) and model for endαstage liver disease (MELD) scores were calculated to assess the severity of liver cirrhosis. Results: H. pylori infection was reported in 33 patients with overall prevalence 55%. The presence of H. pylori was observed in 26 (67%) cirrhotic patients with PHG compared to 7 (33%) cirrhotic patients without PHG. The risk estimate showed a significant association between H. pylori and PHG in cirrhotic patients (P = 0.0133, odds ratio [OR]: 4.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.298–12.325). Out of the 26 patients with PHG and H. pylori infection, 17 had severe PHG (65.3%) and 9 had mild PHG (34.6%) whereas 4 patients had severe PHG (30.8%) and 9 had mild PHG (69.2%%) in the group of H. pyloriαnegative patients. The difference was statistically significant (P = 0.04, OR: 4.25, 95% CI: 1.0188–17.729). Of the 39 patients with PHG, 21 (53.85%) had severe PHG and 18 (46.15%) had mild PHG. No significant relation was found between H. pylori infection and severity of liver cirrhosis as regards CTP score (P = 0.76) and MELD score (P = 0.56). Conclusion: Our results showed a significant association between H. pylori infection and the occurrence and also the severity of gastropathy in patients with liver cirrhosis. Yet, the severity of liver cirrhosis itself did not correlate with H. pylori or the severity of gastropathy.

scholarly journals Potential Association of EEF1A Dimethylation at Lysine 55 in the Basal Area of Helicobacter Pylori-Eradicated Gastric Mucosa with the Risk of Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuka Hirashita ◽  
Masahide Fukuda ◽  
Masaaki Kodama ◽  
Yoshiyuki Tsukamoto ◽  
Tadayoshi Okimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Although eradication therapy for chronic Helicobacter pylori reduces the risk of gastric cancer (GC), its effectiveness is incomplete. Therefore, it is critically important to identify those patients who remain at high risk after H. pylori eradication therapy. Accumulation of protein methylation is strongly implicated in cancer, and a recent study showed that dimethylation of eEF1A lysine 55 (eEF1AK55me2) promotes carcinogenesis in vivo. We aimed to investigate the relationship between eEF1A dimethylation and H. pylori status in gastric mucosa and to reveal potential downstream molecules of eEF1A dimethylation in H. pylori-eradicated mucosa. Methods Records of 115 patients (11 H. pylori-negative, 29 H. pylori-positive, 75 post-eradication patients) who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were retrospectively reviewed. The eEF1A dimethyl level was evaluated in each functional cell type of gastric mucosa by immunofluorescent staining. We also investigated the relationship between eEF1AK55me2 downregulation by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of Mettl13, which is known as a dimethyltransferase of eEF1AK55me2. Results The level of eEF1A dimethylation significantly increased in the surface and basal areas of H. pylori-positive mucosa compared with -negative mucosa (surface, p=0.0031; basal, p<0.0001). The eEF1A dimethyl levels in the surface area were significantly reduced by eradication therapy (p=0.005), but those in the basal area were maintained even after eradication therapy. Multivariate analysis revealed that high dimethylation of eEF1A in the basal area of the mucosa was the independent factor related to GC incidence (odds ratio=3.6611, 95% confidence interval=1.0350–12.949, p=0.0441). We also showed the relationship between eEF1A dimethylation and expressions of reprogramming factors Oct4 and Nanog by immunohistochemistry and in vitro genome editing experiments. Conclusions The results indicated that H. pylori infection potently induced eEF1A dimethylation in gastric mucosa. The accumulation of dimethyl-eEF1A in the basal area of the mucosa might contribute to GC risk via regulation of reprograming factors in H. pylori-eradicated gastric mucosa.

scholarly journals Increasing antimicrobial resistance of Helicobacter pylori infection among Saudi patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad A.S. Al-Eidan ◽  
Mohamed Alnaser ◽  
Sameera M. Aljohani ◽  
Mishal Al Johani ◽  
Ahmed El Hafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Saudi Patients

There is growing concern about <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>) resistance strains being the main agent contributing to eradication failure. In this study we evaluated the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility trends of <em>H. pylori</em> over a period of time. Over a period of seven years a total of 384 biopsy specimens were sent to the microbiology department and evaluated for culturing <em>H. pylori</em> and assess its susceptibility. Biopsy specimens that cultured and where bacterial susceptibility was determined were regarded as <em>H. pylori</em> positive, and specimens that failed to culture were considered <em>H. pylori</em> negative. A total of 221 patients with <em>H. pylori</em> positive were assessed and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined. The overall prevalence of <em>H. pylori</em> infections among Saudis undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, with indicated specimens, was 57.6%. Antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated; overall clarithromycin resistance was found to be 4.5% and metronidazole resistance 52.5%. The number of clarithromycin resistant strains has increased significantly from 2.5% in 2008 to 10% in 2014 (PH. pylori infection is very common among Saudi patients with peptic ulcer disease. Resistance of <em>H. pylori</em> against clarithromycin and metronidazole has increased significantly over the seven-year period. This suggests a need to monitor the annual antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.

scholarly journals Could gastric histology be a useful marker for making decision on Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in patients with dyspepsia?

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Severino Marcos Borba de Arruda ◽  
Nora Manoukian Forones ◽  
Norma Thomé Jucá ◽  
Kátia Simone Cezário de Barros
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication ◽  
H Pylori

CONTEXT: It still remains an open debate whether Helicobacter pylori eradication is beneficial or not for the improvement of symptoms in functional dyspepsia. Differences in geographic distribution, the worldwide H. pylori genetic variability and the fact that the outcome of infection is strongly related to the virulence of the infecting strain are factors that might be driving ongoing controversies. OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between gastric histology and H. pylori serology status in patients with dyspepsia. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study where 40 consecutive dyspeptic patients (28 women and 12 men, mean age 48.5 years) with endoscopically normal stomachs were selected from the endoscopy unit at a university hospital in Recife, PE, Northeast of Brazil, between March 1998 and July 1999. Patients underwent gastric mucosal biopsy and serological tests (anti-Hp and anti-CagA antibodies). Gastric biopsies were examined using H-E and Giemsa stains and gastritis was classified and graded (mild, moderate or severe) according to "the updated Sydney System - Houston, 1994". RESULTS: Among 40 patients with dyspepsia the gastric histology revealed that about ¼ had moderate (25%) or severe (2.5%) gastritis. This subgroup of patients also had a greater positive frequency of anti-Hp (100% vs 41%; P = 0.0005) and anti-CagA (91% vs 58%; P = 0.09) antibodies when compared with those with normal histology (27.5%) or mild gastritis (45%). CONCLUSION: Since upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is part of the functional dyspepsia investigation and serology for anti-CagA antibody is not available in daily clinical practice, by biopsying gastric mucosa we would only be able to selectively apply H. pylori eradication therapy for those with histology that best correlate with virulent infecting strains (moderate or severe gastritis) - around ¼ of our study patients with dyspepsia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in a tertiary-care teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3009
Author(s):  
Pranav Ganesh ◽  
Ramya Ramakrishnan ◽  
Sandhya Sundaram
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Carcinoma ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is widely prevalent in the world especially in the developing countries. The common clinical presentation of this disease includes peptic and duodenal ulcer. A major post-infection complication of this disease is gastric carcinoma. The scope of this study was to determine the prevalence of active H. pylori infection in the local population by retrospective review of patient records, which can give a better picture of the current situation and estimate the at-risk population of gastric carcinoma. Objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection in biopsy specimens obtained from upper gastrointestinal endoscopy performed in dyspeptic patients in a tertiary-care hospital.Methods: The study was performed as a retrospective review of biopsy reports of 262 dyspeptic patients with previously unknown H. pylori status who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy during the months of January 2018 to May 2018. Biopsy obtained from stomach was evaluated for the presence of H. pylori infection by Rapid Urease Test (RUT) or histopathological examination.Results: The prevalence of H. pylori infection in dyspeptic patients obtained from the above study was 44.7% and was found to be more common in males compared to females.Conclusions: H. pylori is a risk factor for gastric carcinoma. Determining the prevalence with early identification of active infections results in better treatment and post infection monitoring for malignancy.

scholarly journals Disappearance of Helicobacter without Antibiotics in 12 Patients with Gastritis

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh James Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Gastric Biopsy ◽  
Endoscopic Procedures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gastric Biopsies ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Detection ofHelicobacter pyloriin endoscopic gastric biopsies has been associated with a variety of diseases, including ulcers and gastritis. Although the natural history ofH pyloriin the gastric mucosa is unknown, antibiotic regimens have been used for eradication. Gastric biopsies from 6050 endoscopic procedures done by a single gastroenterologist from 1981 to 1994 were evaluated. Of these, 2860 from April 1, 1991 to September 30, 1994 had silver-stained biopsies to facilitateH pyloridetection, and at least two upper endoscopic procedures were done with gastric biopsies in 188 patients. Twelve of the 188 patients with an initially positiveH pylorigastric biopsy becameH pylori-negative without antibiotic treatment forH pylorior other infection; 10 received omeprazole and two received no drug treatment. In two of the 12 patients recurrentH pyloriin the gastric mucosa was also documented. These findings indicate thatH pylorimay disappear and reappear in the gastric mucosa with no specific antibiotic eradication regimen, although omeprazole may eradicateH pyloriin vivo in some patients. The natural history ofH pyloriin gastric biopsies is poorly understood. Improved understanding, especially regarding the pathogenesis of upper gastrointestinal ulcerative and inflammatory disease processes, is essential before recommendations for specific antibiotic eradication regimens can be made.

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