scholarly journals Natural Variation of OsLG3 Controls Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice by Inducing ROS Scavenging

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Xiong ◽  
Jianping Yu ◽  
Jinjie Li ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Pengli Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Natural Variation ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Scavenging Efficiency

AbstractBackgroundImproving performance of rice under drought stress has potential to significant impact on rice productivity. Previously we reported that OsLG3 positively control rice grain length and yield.ResultsIn this study, we found that OsLG3 was more strongly expressed in upland rice compared to lowland rice under drought stress condition. Candidate gene association analysis showed that the natural variation in OsLG3 was associated with tolerance to water deficit stress in germinating rice seeds. Transgenic rice with enhanced OsLG3 expression exhibited improved tolerance to drought and that is most likely due to enhanced ROS scavenging efficiency. Phylogenetic analysis and pedigree records indicated that the tolerant allele of OsLG3 has potential to improve drought tolerance of japonica rice.ConclusionsCollectively, our work revealed that the natural variation of OsLG3 contributes to rice drought tolerance and the elite allele of OsLG3 is a promising genetic resource for the development of drought-tolerant and high-yield rice varieties.

High-yielding NERICA mutant rice for upland areas and hope for Bangladeshi farmers.

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Mirza Mofazzal Islam ◽  
Shamsun Nahar Begum ◽  
Rigyan Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Drought is an important stress phenomenon in Bangladesh that greatly hampers crop production. So, it is imperative to develop drought-tolerant rice varieties. Low-yielding, non-uniform flowering and late-maturing Africa rice - New Rice for Africa (NERICA), viz. NERICA-1, NERICA-4 and NERICA-10 varieties - were irradiated with different doses of gamma-rays (250, 300 and 350 Gy) in 2010. M1 plants were grown and M2 plants were selected based on earliness and higher grain yield. The desired mutants along with other mutants were grown as the M3 generation during 2011. A total of 37 mutants from NERICA-1, NERICA-4 and NERICA-10 were selected on the basis of plant height, short duration, drought tolerance and high yield in the M4 generation. In the M5 generation, six mutants were selected for drought tolerance, earliness, grain quality and higher yield. With respect to days to maturity and grain yield (t/ha), the mutant N1/250/P-2-6-1 of NERICA-1 matured earlier (108 days) and had higher grain yield (5.1 t/ha) than the parent. The mutant N4/350/P-4(5) of NERICA-4 also showed a higher grain yield (6.2 t/ha) than its parent and other mutants. On the other hand, NERICA-10 mutant N10/350/P-5-4 matured earlier and had a higher yield (4.5 t/ha) than its parent. Finally, based on agronomic performance and drought tolerance, the two mutants N4/350/P-4(5) and N10/350/P-5-4 were selected and were evaluated in drought-prone and upland areas during 2016 and 2017. These two mutants performed well with higher grain yield than the released upland rice varieties. They will be released soon for commercial cultivation and are anticipated to play a vital role in food security in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Combining Ability for Drought Tolerance in Upland Rice Varieties at Reproductive Stage

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Malemba ◽  
F. M. Nzuve ◽  
J. M. Kimani ◽  
M. F. Olubayo ◽  
J. W. Muthomi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Drought Conditions

Rice is an important food crop for human population ranking second among the mostly consumed cereal grains worldwide. Upland rice production is greatly constrained by drought stress resulting from rainfall variation patterns. Cultivation of drought tolerant varieties is considered the best option for drought management in rice production. The already released upland rice varieties are drought susceptible and have poor grain attributes hence, the aim of this study was to determine the combining ability for drought tolerance in upland rice. Four upland NERICA and two upland rice varieties were selected as parents for generating F1s crosses following 6 × 6 complete diallel. The generated 30 F1 crosses were advanced to F2 population for field evaluation. The F2 progenies together with six parents were planted in two sites; KALRO-Mwea Center Farm and Kirogo research Farm following a randomized complete block design in three replications. Drought stress was initiated 45 days after sowing after which data was collected on drought and agronomic parameters. The study revealed large genetic variations among the genotypes used. Both GCA and SCA were significant indicating the importance of both additive and non additive gene action in the expression of studied traits. In this study NERICA 2 and NERICA 15 were identified as good combiners for drought tolerance and grain yield under drought conditions. The single crosses namely; NERICA 15 × NERICA 2, NERICA 1 × NERICA 15, NERICA 11 × NERICA 15 and NERICA 2 × NERICA 15 were identified as superior for improving yield under drought conditions.

Evaluation of the tolerance of Thai indigenous upland rice germplasm to early drought stress using multiple selection criteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kittichai Narenoot ◽  
Tidarat Monkham ◽  
Sompong Chankaew ◽  
Patcharin Songsri ◽  
Wattana Pattanagul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Germplasm ◽  
Drought Tolerance Index

Drought remains the most important factor that affects rice productivity, especially in rainfed areas, worldwide. Upland rice is one of the crop choices of farmers in the rainfed environment. Although upland rice varieties require less water than lowland rice varieties, yields often remain limited by drought, particularly in the period of early growth. The aims of this study were to identify the traits related to early drought tolerance in upland rice varieties, and to identify the potential sources of germplasm for early drought tolerance. A total of sixty upland rice varieties were planted in a factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the rainy seasons of 2011 and 2012, under greenhouse conditions. Based on the drought tolerance index (DTI), the test germplasm sources were classified into three groups: (i) susceptible; (ii) moderately tolerant; (iii) tolerant to drought stress. Grain yield (GY) showed significant negative correlations with the leaf rolling score (r= − 0.623, P< 0.01), the leaf death score (LDS) (r= − 0.673, P< 0.01) and the recovery score (r= − 0.746, P< 0.01), while leaf dry matter (r= 0.698, P< 0.01) and leaf water potential (r= 0.618, P< 0.01) had significant positive correlations with GY. These findings indicate the suitability of the DTI as the selection criteria for early drought tolerance in a breeding programme. In addition, the upland rice germplasm accessions KKU-ULR011, KKU-ULR012, KKU-ULR125, KKU-ULR199 and KKU-ULR292 were identified as having high levels of stability for drought tolerance in both the 2011 and 2012 experiments, suggesting their potential for further use for rice variety improvement for drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Drought tolerance in selected aerobic and upland rice varieties is driven by different metabolic and antioxidative responses

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 254 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Melandri ◽  
Hamada AbdElgawad ◽  
Kristýna Floková ◽  
Diaan C. Jamar ◽  
Han Asard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidative Response ◽  
Biomass Loss ◽  
Osmotic Acclimation

Abstract Main conclusions Sugar-mediated osmotic acclimation and a strong antioxidative response reduce drought-induced biomass loss at the vegetative stage in rice. Abstract A clear understanding of the physiological and biochemical adaptations to water limitation in upland and aerobic rice can help to identify the mechanisms underlying their tolerance to low water availability. In this study, three indica rice varieties-IR64 (lowland), Apo (aerobic), and UPL Ri-7 (upland)-, that are characterized by contrasting levels of drought tolerance, were exposed to drought at the vegetative stage. Drought-induced changes in biomass, leaf metabolites and oxidative stress markers/enzyme activities were analyzed in each variety at multiple time points. The two drought-tolerant varieties, Apo and UPL Ri-7 displayed a reduced water use in contrast to the susceptible variety IR64 that displayed high water consumption and consequent strong leaf dehydration upon drought treatment. A sugar-mediated osmotic acclimation in UPL Ri-7 and a strong antioxidative response in Apo were both effective in limiting the drought-induced biomass loss in these two varieties, while biomass loss was high in IR64, also after recovery. A qualitative comparison of these results with the ones of a similar experiment conducted in the field at the reproductive stage showed that only Apo, which also in this stage showed the highest antioxidant power, was able to maintain a stable grain yield under stress. Our results show that different metabolic and antioxidant adaptations confer drought tolerance to aerobic and upland rice varieties in the vegetative stage. The effectiveness of these adaptations differs between developmental stages. Unraveling the genetic control of these mechanisms might be exploited in breeding for new rice varieties adapted to water-limited environments.

scholarly journals Genotype selection and addition of fertilizer increases grain yield in upland rice in Suriname

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Stephan NASCENTE ◽  
Ruby KROMOCARDI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT The upland rice farmers in Suriname use local varieties and low level technologies in the field. As a result, the upland rice grain yield is low, at about 1 000 kg ha-1. Our objective was to evaluate the use of upland rice cultivars from Suriname and Brazil, and the effect of nitrogen, N, phosphorus, P, and potassium, K, fertilizers on cultivation variables. We undertook four field trials in the Victoria Area, in the Brokopondo District, using a randomized block design each with four replications. The most productive rice varieties were BRS Esmeralda (grain yield 2 903 kg ha-1) and BRS Sertaneja (2 802 kg ha-1). The highest grain yield of 2 620 kg ha-1 was achieved with a top dressing application of 76.41 kg N ha-1 20 days after sowing. For P, the highest grain yield of 3 085 kg ha-1 was achieved with application of 98.06 kg ha-1 P2O5 applied at sowing. An application rate of 31.45 kg ha-1 of K2O at sowing achieved the highest grain yield of 2 952 kg ha-1. Together, these application rates of N, P and K resulted in rice grain yield of about 3 000 kg ha-1, which is three times greater than the national average for upland rice. We demonstrate that the use of improved rice varieties matched to the local conditions, and application of appropriate fertilizers, are management practices that can result in significant increases in rice grain yield in Suriname.

scholarly journals A Novel WRKY Transcription Factor from Ipomoea trifida, ItfWRKY70, Confers Drought Tolerance in Sweet Potato

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 686
Author(s):  
Sifan Sun ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
Shaopei Gao ◽  
Nan Nie ◽  
Huan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Ipomoea Trifida ◽  
Positive Role

WRKY transcription factors are one of the important families in plants, and have important roles in plant growth, abiotic stress responses, and defense regulation. In this study, we isolated a WRKY gene, ItfWRKY70, from the wild relative of sweet potato Ipomoea trifida (H.B.K.) G. Don. This gene was highly expressed in leaf tissue and strongly induced by 20% PEG6000 and 100 μM abscisic acid (ABA). Subcellar localization analyses indicated that ItfWRKY70 was localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of ItfWRKY70 significantly increased drought tolerance in transgenic sweet potato plants. The content of ABA and proline, and the activity of SOD and POD were significantly increased, whereas the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 were decreased in transgenic plants under drought stress. Overexpression of ItfWRKY70 up-regulated the genes involved in ABA biosynthesis, stress-response, ROS-scavenging system, and stomatal aperture in transgenic plants under drought stress. Taken together, these results demonstrated that ItfWRKY70 plays a positive role in drought tolerance by accumulating the content of ABA, regulating stomatal aperture and activating the ROS scavenging system in sweet potato.

scholarly journals Response of some upland rice varieties to drought stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
EDI PURWANTO ◽  
SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI ◽  
YONIAR EFFENDI
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Drought Stress Condition ◽  
Four Levels

Purwanto E, Samanhudi, Yoniar Effendi Y. 2017. Response of some upland rice varieties to drought stress. Trop Drylands 1: 69-77. The study aimed to examine the response of upland rice varieties at germination stage on several PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) 6000 concentration levels and to determine growth characteristics, physiological changes and yield of upland rice varieties under drought stress condition in a pot experiment. The study consisted of two experiments; the first was to study germination and early growth, and the second was to study the vegetative and generative growth of upland rice under drought stress condition. Experiments I and II were conducted in a completely randomized factorial design consisted of two factors and three replications. In experiments I, the first factor was upland rice variety comprised of 10 varieties and the second factor was PEG concentration consisted of four levels. In experiment II, the first factor was upland rice varieties that responded the best to drought stress in experiment I, and the second factor was the drought stress treatment consisted of moisture content at 100, 75, 50 and 25% field capacity. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology and the greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University (UNS) Surakarta. The results showed that the germination and vigor index decreased with increasing levels of PEG concentration. PEG concentration of 25 g L-1 of water was the most optimum for screening drought resistant upland rice. In experiment I, Towuti, Situ Patengang, Kalimutu and Gajah Mungkur varieties showed the best response to drought stress. Increased intensity of drought stress resulted in a reduction of plant height, number of tillers, dry weight, relative growth rate, leaf area, number of grains hill-1, 1000 grain weight, dry grain weight hill-1 and root dry weight. The drought stress also caused an earlier flowering date and increased percentage of empty grain. Based on the dry grain weight hill-1, Towuti exhibited a higher drought resistance level than Gajah Mungkur, Situ Patenggang and Kalimutu.

scholarly journals Overexpression of a Voltage-Dependent Anion-Selective Channel (VDAC) Protein-Encoding Gene, MsVDAC, from Medicago sativa Confers Cold and Drought Tolerance to Transgenic Tobacco

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1706
Author(s):  
Mei Yang ◽  
Xinhang Duan ◽  
Zhaoyu Wang ◽  
Hang Yin ◽  
Junrui Zang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Osmotic Homeostasis ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Stress Responsive Genes

Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are highly conserved proteins that are involved in the translocation of tRNA and play a key role in modulating plant senescence and multiple pathways. However, the functions of VDACs in plants are still poorly understood. Here, a novel VDAC gene was isolated and identified from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). MsVDAC localized to the mitochondria, and its expression was highest in alfalfa roots and was induced in response to cold, drought and salt treatment. Overexpression of MsVDAC in tobacco significantly increased MDA, GSH, soluble sugars, soluble protein and proline contents under cold and drought stress. However, the activities of SOD and POD decreased in transgenic tobacco under cold stress, while the O2− content increased. Stress-responsive genes including LTP1, ERD10B and Hxk3 were upregulated in the transgenic plants under cold and drought stress. However, GAPC, CBL1, BI-1, Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD were upregulated only in the transgenic tobacco plants under cold stress, and GAPC, CBL1, and BI-1 were downregulated under drought stress. These results suggest that MsVDAC provides cold tolerance by regulating ROS scavenging, osmotic homeostasis and stress-responsive gene expression in plants, but the improved drought tolerance via MsVDAC may be mainly due to osmotic homeostasis and stress-responsive genes.

scholarly journals Substitution Mapping of Two Closely Linked QTLs Controlling Grain Chalkiness and Grain Shape on Rice Chromosome 8

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifeng Yang ◽  
Liang Xiong ◽  
Jiayan Liang ◽  
Qingwen Hao ◽  
Xin Luan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Grain Shape ◽  
Rice Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Substitution Mapping ◽  
Grain Width ◽  
Grain Chalkiness

Abstract Background: Rice varieties are required to have high yield and good grain quality. Grain chalkiness and grain shape are two important traits of rice grain quality. Low chalkiness slender grains are preferred by most rice consumers. Here, we dissected two closely linked quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling grain chalkiness and grain shape on rice chromosome 8 by substitution mapping. Results: Two closely linked QTLs controlling grain chalkiness and grain shape were identified using single-segment substitution lines (SSSLs). The two QTLs were then dissected on rice chromosome 8 by secondary substitution mapping. qPGC8.1 was located in an interval of 1382.6 kb and qPGC8.2 was mapped in a 2057.1 kb region. The maximum distance of the two QTLs was 4.37 Mb and the space distance of two QTL intervals was 0.72 Mb. qPGC8.1 controlled grain chalkiness and grain width. qPGC8.2 was responsible for grain chalkiness and for grain length and grain width. The additive effects of qPGC8.1 and qPGC8.2 on grain chalkiness were not affected by heat stress. Conclusions: Two closely linked QTLs qPGC8.1 and qPGC8.2 were dissected on rice chromosome 8. They controlled the phenotypes of grain chalkiness and grain shape. The two QTLs were insensitive to high temperature.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the root system in two Brazilian upland rice varieties which exhibit contrasting behavior towards drought tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-434
Author(s):  
Leandro Martins Ferreira ◽  
◽  
Cristiana Maia de Oliveira ◽  
Leilson Novaes Arruda ◽  
Renan Pinto Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Root System ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties
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