scholarly journals A biophysical dynamic module for the polarisation of auxin efflux carriers PIN-FORMED (PIN)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Hernández-Hernández ◽  
Rafael A. Barrio ◽  
Mariana Benítez ◽  
Naomi Nakayama ◽  
José Roberto Romero-Arias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Boolean Model ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Continuous Dynamic System ◽  
Continuous Dynamic ◽  
Biomechanical Forces ◽  
Auxin Efflux Carriers ◽  
Linear Interactions

ABSTRACTIntracellular polarisation of auxin efflux carriers is crucial for understanding how auxin gradients form in plants. The polarisation dynamics of auxin efflux carriers PIN-FORMED (PIN) depends on both biomechanical forces as well as chemical, molecular and genetic factors. Biomechanical forces have shown to affect the localisation of PIN transporters to the plasma membrane. We proposed a biophysical module of PIN polarisation that integrates biomechanical, molecular, and cellular processes as well as their non-linear interactions. The module was implemented as a discrete Boolean model and then approximated to a continuous dynamic system, in order to explore the relative contribution of the factors mediating PIN polarisation at the scale of single cell. Our models recovered qualitative behaviours that have been experimentally observed and enabled us to postulate that, in the context of PIN polarisation, the effects of the mechanical forces can predominate over the activity of molecular factors such as the GTPase ROP6 and the CRIB-motif CRIB-motif RIC1.

Distribution and Heritability of Recurrent Ear Infections

1997 ◽  
Vol 106 (8) ◽  
pp. 624-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari J. Kvaerner ◽  
Jennifer R. Harris ◽  
Kristian Tambs ◽  
Per Magnus
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Genes And Environment ◽  
Ear Infections ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Familial Environment

The distribution of recurrent ear infections was obtained from a population-based sample of 2,750 pairs of Norwegian twins born between 1967 and 1974. The lifetime prevalence of self-reported recurrent ear infections was 8.9%, with a significant predominance of female cases. The mean age of onset was 4.2 years, with a gradual decrease in occurrence from 2 to 7 years of age. Among monozygotic pairs, the rate of tetrachoric correlation between co-twins was almost identical in males (0.73, SE 0.08) and females (0.74, SE 0.06), but among the dizygotic pairs the correlation was clearly higher in males (0.53, SE 0.12) than in females (0.20, SE 0.12). The value in the unlike-sexed dizygotic twins (0.25, SE 0.05) was intermediate to that of the like-sexed male and female dizygotic pairs. The relative contribution of genes and environment to variability in the predisposition to develop otitis media was estimated by means of structural equation modeling. Variation in liability to ear infections was mainly explained by additive genetic and dominance factors in females, for whom heritability was estimated at 74%. The remaining 26% of the variation in liability was explained by individual environmental factors. In males, 45% of the variation could be accounted for by genetic factors, 29% by common familial environment, and the remaining 26% by individual environmental effects.

scholarly journals FINDING DEFECTS IN AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS BASED ON STRUCTURE SENSITIVITY FUNCTIONS AND ANALYSIS OF INTEGRAL ESTIMATES OF OUTPUT SIGNALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
S.V. Shalobanov ◽  
◽  
S.S. Shalobanov ◽  
A.A. Aleksandrov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Sensitivity Function ◽  
Structure Sensitivity ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Sensitivity Functions ◽  
Continuous Dynamic System ◽  
Sign Analysis ◽  
Block Based ◽  
Continuous Dynamic

The paper presents an algorithm for defects screening in a continuous dynamic system with a depth of up to dynamic block based on the structure sensitivity function and the sign analysis of integral esti-mates of the output signals deviations.

Controlling Chaos of a Continuous Dynamic System by OGY Method

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002.1 (0) ◽  
pp. 177-178
Author(s):  
Zhi xiang XU ◽  
Kunisato SETO ◽  
Hideyuki TAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Controlling Chaos ◽  
Continuous Dynamic System ◽  
Continuous Dynamic

DYNAMICS ON A HOLLING II PREDATOR–PREY MODEL WITH STATE-DEPENDENT IMPULSIVE CONTROL

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 1260006 ◽  
Author(s):  
BING LIU ◽  
YE TIAN ◽  
BAOLIN KANG
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Solution ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Impulsive Control ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Prey System ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Continuous Dynamic System ◽  
Continuous Dynamic ◽  
Holling Ii Functional Response

According to biological and chemical control strategy for pest control, a Holling II functional response predator–prey system concerning state-dependent impulsive control is investigated. We define the successor functions of semi-continuous dynamic system and give an existence theorem of order 1 periodic solution of such a system. By means of sequence convergence rules and qualitative analysis, we successfully get the conditions of existence and attractiveness of order 1 periodic solution. Our results show that our method used in this paper is more efficient and easier than the existing methods to prove the existence and attractiveness of order 1 periodic solution.

scholarly journals Relative Contributions of Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors on Mosquito Microbiota

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haikel Nasser Bogale ◽  
Matthew V. Cannon ◽  
Kalil Keita ◽  
Denka Camara ◽  
Yaya Barry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Main Driver

Abstract Background The commensal microbiota of mosquitoes impacts their development, immunity, and competency, and could provide a target for alternative entomological control approaches. However, despite the importance of the mosquito/microbiota interactions, little is known about the relative contribution of genetic and non-genetic factors in shaping the bacterial communities of mosquitoes. Methods We used a high-throughput sequencing based assay to characterize the bacterial composition and diversity of 665 individual field-caught mosquitoes, as well as their species, genotype at an insecticide resistance locus, blood meal composition, and the eukaryotic parasites and viruses they carry. We then used these data to rigorously estimate the individual effect of each parameter on the bacterial diversity as well as their relative contribution to the microbial composition. Results Overall, multivariate analyses did not reveal any significant contribution of the mosquito species, insecticide resistance or blood meal to the bacterial composition of the mosquitoes surveyed. Infection with parasites and viruses only contributed very marginally and the main driver of the bacterial diversity was the location where each mosquito was collected which explained roughly 20% of the variance observed. Conclusions This analysis shows that, when confounding factors are taken into account, the sites where the mosquitoes are collected is the main driver of the bacterial diversity of wild-caught mosquitoes, although further studies will be needed to determine how the specific components of the local environment affecting the bacterial composition.

Vibration Isolation Using Continuous Beams

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Rai ◽  
Christopher D. Rahn ◽  
Edward Smith ◽  
Conor Marr
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Continuous Beams ◽  
Continuous Dynamic System ◽  
Discrete Dynamic Systems ◽  
Displacement Force ◽  
Continuous Dynamic ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Tip Mass

Abstract Vibration Isolation involves an inertially coupled system with a mass-lever combination where the inertial forces cancel spring induced forces, thus permitting a high degree of isolation at a relatively low frequency in discrete dynamic systems. This paper shows that the lever combination can be clamped at the root rather than pinned and modeled as a continuous dynamic system. It is theoretically proven that this model can be tuned to achieve isolation with zero displacement, force, and moment transmissibility. The frequency response is calculated based on Euler Bernoulli assumptions for a beam with a tip mass under point force loading. A tip mass equivalent to the mass of the beam can reduce the first isolation frequency by 71% for shear at the root, 72% for moment at the root, and 64% for tip displacement, relative to a cantilever without a tip mass.

A Male Monozygotic Twinship Discordant for Homosexuality

1971 ◽  
Vol 118 (547) ◽  
pp. 675-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Davison ◽  
H. Brierley ◽  
C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Monozygotic Twin ◽  
The Third ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Quantitative Rating ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Sexual Identification

The relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the development of homosexual behaviour is a controversial subject. The original suggestion that homosexuality is a purely inherited trait has been attributed to Krafft-Ebing (Kallmann, 1952). Perhaps the strongest support for this view was Kallmann's series of 40 male monozygotic twin pairs showing 100 per cent concordance for the overt practice and quantitative rating of homosexual behaviour (Kallmann, 1952). This report has been criticized, and Kallmann later conceded that the 100 per cent concordance was possibly a statistical artefact (Kallmann, 1960). Habel (1950), who obtained the index twins from a prison population, found concordant homosexuality in 3 out of 5 monozygotic pairs (60 per cent), but none of 5 dizygotic pairs. In a more recent study, Heston and Shields (1968) found concordant homosexuality in 2 out of 5 monozygotic pairs (40 per cent) and 1 out of 7 dizygotic pairs (14 per cent). Heston and Shields (1968) also report a family with a sibship of 14 which included 3 pairs of male monozygotic twins, in two of which both twins were homosexual and in the third both heterosexual; no environmental factors which differentiated the homosexual from the heterosexual sibs could be detected. These workers also refute the suggestion that the tendency for monozygotic twins to be more alike with regard to homosexuality than dizygotic twins is related not to genetic factors but to problems of sexual identification which predispose to homosexuality (Money, 1962) by pointing out that there is no evidence that monozygotic twins per se are especially prone to become homosexual.

HOMOCLINIC BIFURCATION IN SEMI-CONTINUOUS DYNAMIC SYSTEMS

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 (06) ◽  
pp. 1250059 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUANJUN DAI ◽  
MIN ZHAO ◽  
LANSUN CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Solution ◽  
Dynamic System ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Vector Fields ◽  
Homoclinic Bifurcation ◽  
Homoclinic Bifurcations ◽  
Continuous Dynamic System ◽  
Continuous Dynamic ◽  
Theoretical Results

In this paper, a class of homoclinic bifurcations in semi-continuous dynamic systems are investigated. On the basis of rotated vector fields theory, existence of order-1 periodic solution and the rotated vector fields of the semi-continuous dynamic system are discussed. Furthermore, homoclinic cycles and homoclinic bifurcations are described. Finally, an example is provided to show the validity of our theoretical results.

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