scholarly journals Comparison of the 3D-IR - BTFE method and the conventional method in the head MRI contrast

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Hirahara
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Gadolinium Contrast ◽  
Mri Contrast ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
The Brain

AbstractMRI using gadolinium contrast media is useful in diagnosis; however, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is a serious side effect of gadolinium exposure. Moreover, it turns out that gadolinium deposits in the brain. This has escalated the necessity for a suitable method to use gadolinium contrast media. I developed a new imaging method that had excellent contrast. This study examined the usefulness of that new imaging method and found the method is highly effective.

MRI Contrast Media for the Liver

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1130-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER LEANDER ◽  
KLAES GOLMAN ◽  
JO KLAVENESS ◽  
ECKART HOLTZ ◽  
MAGNUS OLSSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Mri Contrast

scholarly journals Curriculum for the Management of Contrast Media Reactions, Contrast Induced Nephropathy & Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis

MedEdPORTAL ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puneet Bhargava ◽  
Adeel Seyal ◽  
Chandana Lall ◽  
Mariam Moshiri ◽  
Jennifer Schopp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis ◽  
Contrast Induced Nephropathy

scholarly journals Using Connectivity to Explain Autism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Adamek ◽  
Yu Luo ◽  
Joshua Ewen
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Causal Explanation ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Reverse Engineer ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

The chapters in this Handbook reveal the breadth of brilliant imaging and analysis techniques designed to fulfill the mandate of cognitive neuroscience: to understand how anatomical structures and physiological processes in the brain cause typical and atypical behavior. Yet merely producing data from the latest imaging method is insufficient to truly achieve this goal. We also need a mental toolbox that contains methods of inference that allow us to derive true scientific explanation from these data. Causal inference is not easy in the human brain, where we are limited primarily to observational data and our methods of experimental perturbation in the service of causal explanation are limited. As a case study, we reverse engineer one of the most influential accounts of a neuropsychiatric disorder that is derived from observational imaging data: the connectivity theories of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We take readers through an approach of first considering all possible causal paths that are allowed by preliminary imaging-behavioral correlations. By progressively sharpening the specificity of the measures and brain/behavioral constructs, we iteratively chip away at this space of allowable causal paths, like the sculptor chipping away the excess marble to reveal the statue. To assist in this process, we consider how current imaging methods that are lumped together under the rubric of “connectivity” may actually offer a differentiated set of connectivity constructs that can more specifically relate notions of information transmission in the mind to the physiology of the brain.

scholarly journals Radial structure of dolphin insula

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Casanova ◽  
Juan Trippe ◽  
Christopher Tillquist ◽  
Andrew Switala
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Insular Cortex ◽  
Structural Motif ◽  
Modular Organization ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Cell Arrays ◽  
Human Brains ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Modular Structures ◽  
The Brain

AbstractThe brain of the bottlenose dolphin exhibits patterns of isocortical parcellation and cytoarchitecture distinct from those seen in primates, yet cell clusters in anterior insula are comparable in scale to module-like cell arrangements found throughout isocortex in other placental mammalian species with long divergent evolutionary histories. This similarity may be due to common ancestry, or to convergence as a result of selective constraints on organization of connections within such modules. Differences reflect alternate arrangements of minicolumns, an elemental cytoarchitectonic motif of isocortex defined by radially oriented pyramidal cell arrays. In contrast with larger modular structures incorporating them, minicolumns have been highly conserved in mammalian evolution. In this study a previously validated imaging method was employed to assess verticality, D, a parameter indicating radial bias of isocortex. Photomicrographs of coronal Nissl-stained sections of dolphin anterior insular cortex were compared with sections from human brains of putatively homologous areas as well as other isocortical areas differing in modular organization. Dolphin insula exhibited a high degree of verticality consistent with conserved minicolumnar organization. Our findings indicate that a basic structural motif of isocortex is synapomorphic in a species of marine mammal exhibiting unique phylogenetically derived isocortical characteristics.

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