scholarly journals A set informative multiple autosomal markers for human identification: forensic research and population genetics analysis in a Chinese Xinjiang Hui group

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Xie ◽  
Yuxin Guo ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
Yating Fang ◽  
Yunchun Tai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Statistical Parameter ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Cumulative Probability ◽  
Discrimination Power

AbstractIn recent years, insertion/deletion (InDel) markers became a promising and useful supporting tool in forensic identification cases and biogeographic research field. In this study, 30 InDel loci were explored to reveal the genetic diversities and genetic relationships between Chinese Xinjiang Hui group and the 24 previously studied populations using varies methods such as forensic statistical parameter analysis, phylogenetic reconstruction, STRUCTURE analysis, multi-dimensional scaling, and principal component analysis. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.1971 (HLD118) to 0.5092 (HLD 92), 0.2222 (HLD 114) to 0.5000 (HLD 6), respectively. Besides, after Bonferroni correction, no deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium tests were found at all 30 loci in Xinjiang Hui group. The cumulative probability of exclusion and combined discrimination power were 0.988849 and 0.99999999999378, respectively, which indicated that the 30 loci could be used as complementary genetic markers for paternity test and be qualified for personal identification in forensic cases. In this study, we found that Xinjiang Hui group had close relationships with most Chinese groups, especially Han populations, and all the results based on different genetic methods we used had a strong support for this finding. The 30 InDel loci has important significance in forensic identification research, in spite of this, for a better understanding of genetic background of the Chinese Xinjiang Hui group, molecular genetic genotyping at various genetic markers is necessary in future studies.Summary StatementWe report here, a promising Individual identification and population differentiation maker which could be used in forensic cases.

scholarly journals Genetic variation and forensic efficiency of 30 indels for three ethnic groups in Guangxi: relationships with other populations

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weian Du ◽  
Chunlei Feng ◽  
Ting Yao ◽  
Cheng Xiao ◽  
Hongyan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Bonferroni Correction ◽  
Forensic Application ◽  
Discrimination Power ◽  
Forensic Efficiency ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Aim In this study, we used a series of diallelic genetic marker insertion/deletion polymorphism (indel) to investigate three populations of Yao, Kelao, and Zhuang groups in the Guangxi region of China and to evaluate their efficiency in forensic application. Result No deviations for all 30 loci were observed from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction (p > 0.05/30 = 0.0017). The allele frequencies of the short allele (DIP-) for the above three populations were in the range of 0.0520–0.9480, 0.0950–0.8780, and 0.0850–0.915, respectively. The observed heterozygosity of the 30 loci for the three populations was in the ranges 0.0802–0.5802, 0.1908–0.6053, and 0.1400–0.5600, respectively. The cumulative power of exclusion and combined discrimination power for Yao, Kelao, and Zhuang groups were (0.9843 and 0.9999999999433), (0.9972 and 0.9999999999184), and (0.9845 and 0.9999999999608), respectively. The DA distance, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis indicated a clear regional distribution. In addition, Zhuang groups had close genetic relationships with the Yao and Kelao populations in the Guangxi region. Conclusion This study indicated that the 30 loci were qualified for personal identification; moreover, they could be used as complementary genetic markers for paternity testing in forensic cases for the studied populations.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of 32 InDels in four ethnic minorities from Chinese Xinjiang

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250206
Author(s):  
Yujie Huang ◽  
Xiaoying Chen ◽  
Cong Liu ◽  
Xueli Han ◽  
Chao Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Cumulative Probability ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Population Genetic Analysis ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

The present study used the previously constructed 32-plex InDels panel to investigated the genetic diversity of four ethnic minorities (Hui, Mongol, Uygur and Kazakh) from Xinjiang, and analyzed the genetic relationships between the four populations and 27 reference populations. No significant deviations were observed from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) at the 32 InDels for each population. The average observed heterozygosity (Hexp), average polymorphic information content (PIC), combined power of discrimination (CPD) and cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) for the 32 InDels were all higher than the Qiagen Investigator DIPplex kit in the four populations from Xinjiang. The CPD ranged from 0.999999999999903 (Kazakh) to 0.999999999999952 (Hui) and CPE ranged from 0.9971 (Uygur) to 0.9985 (Hui), which indicated that the 32 InDels were capable for individual identification and could be a supplementary tool in paternity test for these populations. Population genetic analysis by the method of analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), FST, phylogenetic tree, TreeMix-based topology, multi-dimensional scale analysis (MDS), principal components analysis (PCA) and STRUCTURE analysis showed that Xinjiang Hui population has a close relationship with East Asians (EAS), especially Chinese Han, and the populations of Xinjiang Mongol, Uygur and Kazakh showed mixed ancestral components related to EAS and Europeans (EUR).

scholarly journals Genetic polymorphism of 19 autosomal STR loci in the Yi ethnic minority of Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture from Sichuan province in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingliang Cheng ◽  
Binghui Song ◽  
Jiewen Fu ◽  
Xiaoli Zheng ◽  
Tao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Cumulative Probability ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Autosomal Strs ◽  
Population Database ◽  
Discrimination Power ◽  
Genetic Population

AbstractThe Yi is one of fifty-six ethnic populations and one of the most ancient ethnic groups in China. The Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (LYAP) in Sichuan Province has the single largest Yi community in China. To establish a Yi population database in the LYAP of Sichuan in China, a Goldeneye™ DNA Identification System 20A Kit with 19 autosomal STRs (short tandem repeats) was used. As a result, the total discrimination power (TDP) and the cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) for these STRs in 1016 unrelated individuals were 0.999999999999999999999897 and 0.9999999597, respectively. Totals of 273 alleles for 19 STRs and 8–22 alleles for each locus were found. The allelic frequencies ranged from 0.0005 to 0.5084. The forensic parameter averages of these STRs were as follows: observed heterozygosity (Hobs) of 78.44%, expected heterozygosity (Hexp) of 79.89%, discrimination power (DP) of 92.66%, and probability of exclusion (PE) of 57.68%. Penta E presented the highest levels of Hobs and DP, whereas TPOX showed the lowest Hobs and DP values. Nei’s standard genetic distance matrix among 31 populations found that the nearest genetic distance to the Yi population was the Sichuan Han (0.0056). Altogether, we first reported the forensic parameters and allele frequencies of 19 autosomal STRs of the Yi group in Liangshan. These 19 STR makers could provide highly informative polymorphisms for individual identification, paternity testing and genetic population analyses.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN CROWN LENGTH OF PERMANENT MAXILLARY ANTERIOR TEETH, FACIAL HEIGHT AND LENGTH OF HAND DIGITS WITH THE STATURE OF AN INDIVIDUAL.

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Thatchani G V ◽  
S.Babukuttan Pillai ◽  
Heera R
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Mass Casualties ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Right Hand

BACKGROUND: Personal identification is defined as establishing the identity of an individual. One of the objectives of the medicolegal investigation is to estimate stature or height from various skeletal remains and body parts brought for examination. Teeth can be considered as an exceptional resource material for forensic investigations because of its high resistance capacity to withstand high temperatures in disasters during natural or manmade calamities. Teeth play a vital role in individual identification for medicolegal circumstances and identification of unknown skeletal remains during mass casualties. We did a pioneer study to correlate anatomical crown length of maxillary anterior teeth, facial height and right-hand digits length with the stature of an individual for personal identification in Southern Kerala population by formulating an equation. METHODS: A total of 250 volunteers participated in this study. The stature and anatomical crown length of maxillary anterior teeth, facial height, length of right-hand digits were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using computer software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 for Windows Operating System. Correlation between anatomical crown length of maxillary anterior teeth, facial height, length of right-hand digits with the stature of an individual was analyzed by Pearson correlation test. Regression analysis was used to get equations for estimation of stature from these parameters. CONCLUSION: The present study is possibly the first in Southern Kerala population that has attempted to estimate stature from anatomical crown length of permanent maxillary anterior teeth, facial height, and right-hand digits length by formulating a regression equation. We found some positive correlation between facial height and right-hand digits length with the stature of the individual. But there was no significant correlation between anatomical crown length of permanent maxillary anterior teeth with the stature of an individual. Although no definitive correlations could be established between anatomical crown length of permanent maxillary anterior teeth and stature or body height, the use of the established parameters will be helpful in the fields of forensic odontology and anthropology.

Genetic diversity analysis of Iranian Nigella sativa L. landraces using SCoT markers and evaluation of adjusted polymorphism information content

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Mirzaei ◽  
Ghader Mirzaghaderi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Polymorphism Information Content ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Start Codon ◽  
Discrimination Power ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Scot Marker ◽  
Mediterranean Regions

The genetic diversity of 39 Iranian black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) landraces was analysed using 14 polymorphic Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers. A total of 106 bands ranging from 3 (for SCoT70) to 13 (for SCoT23) were observed. Of them, 33 (31%) bands were polymorphic with a mean of 1.65 bands per primer. Polymorphism information content (PIC) per primer ranged from 0.035 (for SCoT12) to 0.133 (for SCoT70), with an average of 0.078. Besides PIC, Simpson's diversity (D) index was also calculated for each SCoT marker as an indication of discrimination power across population. The D index was used to adjust the PIC of the SCoT markers. As the adjusted PIC (PICD= PIC × D) was calculated based on both the PIC and the rate of band dispersion, this reflected the informativeness of a dominant marker more precisely than PIC. Genetic relationships were estimated using Jaccard's similarity coefficient-generated values between different pairs of genotypes that varied from 80 to 97% with an average of 88%. These coefficients were applied to construct a dendrogram using the UPGMA algorithm. A high genetic similarity was observed that might be due to the fact that N. sativa is a self-pollinated plant not originated from Iran and might have been imported from the Mediterranean regions.

scholarly journals Validation of SSR Molecular Markers Linked to Drought Tolerant in Some Wheat Cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-109
Author(s):  
Manal Eid
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Descriptors ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Discrimination Power ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Germplasm Resource

The present study was carried out to conduct drought tolerance in three wheat cultivars including susceptible (Gemmiza7) and tolerant (Sakha93 and Sahel1). Molecular characterization was done by 26 SSR markers located on chromosome7 which was associated with drought tolerance in many previous studies. 26 SSR markers were polymorphic and thus showed 100% polymorphism. The number of alleles per locus varied from 2 to 3 alleles with an average (2.62). The polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.34 to 0.59, with a mean of 0.51. The discrimination power (Dp) value ranged between 0.67 and 0.78 with an average of 0.71 per locus and Heterozygosity (He) value varied from 0.44 to 0.67 with an average of 0.59. The genetic relationships estimated by the polymorphism of SSR markers revealed a greater level of genetic variability in wheat cultivars of wide adaptability and applicability. Whereas an average of combined probability value for the SSR markers was 6.15 x 10-16, suggests the capability of the marker system to distinguish identity and purity of wheat cultivars. In addition to the SSR markers revealed various bands that were either absent or present within tolerant cultivars (Sakha93 and Sahel1) which were altogether absent in susceptible cultivar (Gemmiza7). Also, SSRs of diagnostic and curatorial importance were discerned as ‘stand-alone’ molecular descriptors for barcoding the application of DNA sequences of standardized genetic markers for the identification of wheat cultivars. However, the genetic information in this study could provide useful information to address breeding programs and germplasm resource management.

scholarly journals Hubungan panjang telapak kaki dengan tinggi badan untuk identifikasi forensik

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinov Tomuka ◽  
James Siwu ◽  
Johannis F. Mallo
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Anthropology ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Biological Profile ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Foot Length ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Forensic identification is a method to provide assistance for investigators in personal identification which is very important in court. Forensic anthropology is a branch of physical anthropology that assists medical forensic practice by focusing on individual biological profile asessment and reconstruction by using anthropometry. Body height is a parameter of human growth and health. In forensic anthropology, height is also a main biological profile in identification. Foot length can be used to determine body height since there is a correlation between these two biological profiles. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between foot length and body height. This was a quantitative analytical study. Subjects were students of batch 2012 of Faculty of Medicine, University of Sam Ratulangi Manado, aged >21 years. The results showed that there was a positive correlation (r= 0.539) with a probablity value of 0.000. Conclusion: There was a significant positive correlation between foot length and height. Keywords: forensic identification, forensic anthropology, anthropometry Abstrak: Identifikasi forensik merupakan upaya yang bertujuan membantu penyidik dalam menentukan identitas seseorang yang sangat penting dalam peradilan. Sebagai salah satu cabang antropologi khususnya antropologi ragawi, peran antropologi forensik didasarkan pada kemampuan pemeriksaan antropologis untuk menilai dan merekonstruksi gambaran biologis individu manusia; salah satu cara identifikasi ialah dengan antropometri. Tinggi badan merupakan suatu parameter dari pertumbuhan dan kesehatan manusia. Tinggi badan juga merupakan salah satu ciri utama untuk proses indentifikasi. Bagian tubuh yang dapat menunjang pengukuran tinggi badan yaitu panjang telapak kaki karena tinggi badan dan panjang telapak kaki mempunyai hubungan yang berbanding lurus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara panjang telapak kaki dan tinggi badan. Jenis penelitian ini kuantitatif analitik. Subyek penelitian ialah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado angkatan 2012 yang berusia >21 tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Manado pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2015. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan korelasi positif antara kedua variabel dengan nilai koefisien r = 0,539 yang menunjukkan bahwa kedua variabel berhubungan positif. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antar kedua variabel penelitian dengan nilai P = 0,000. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan positif bermakna antara panjang telapak kaki dan tingggi badan.Kata kunci: identifikasi forensik, antropologi forensik, antropometri

scholarly journals An ethnic genetics – case study of B&H: facts, fallacies and myths

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rifat Hadžiselimović
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Post War

The post-war period (1996 to presence) in the Western Balkans is colored by a kind of competition among (peudo)scientists and self-proclaimed experts in search for the deepest roots of a particular ethnic group. General conclusions have been reached based of the distribution of a single or only few genetic markers, with no reference to the specific pheno-genotype system studied. The conclusions were all biased by earlier misconceptions and myths about the successive colonization of the Balkans and the inter-genetic relationships among regional populations. In this paper we elaborate methodology and limitations and misconceptions that arise from unsubstantiated use thereof.

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