CLASP stabilizes microtubule plus ends created by serving to drive cortical array reorientation

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.1101/196329 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jelmer J. Lindeboom ◽

Masayoshi Nakamura ◽

Marco Saltini ◽

Anneke Hibbel ◽

Ankit Walia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computational Modeling ◽

Blue Light ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Alternative Mechanism ◽

Unanswered Question ◽

Light Perception ◽

Major Focus ◽

Cortical Array ◽

The Creation

AbstractCentral to building and reorganizing cytoskeletal arrays is the creation of new polymers. While nucleation has been the major focus of study for new microtubule generation, severing has been proposed as an alternative mechanism to create new polymers, a mechanism recently shown to drive the reorientation of cortical arrays of higher plants in response to blue light perception. As severing produces new plus ends behind the stabilizing GTP-cap, an important and unanswered question is how these are stabilized in vivo to promote net microtubule generation. Here we identify the conserved protein CLASP as a potent stabilizer of new plus ends created by katanin severing and find that CLASP is required for rapid cortical array reorientation. In clasp mutants both rescue of shrinking plus ends and the regrowth of plus ends immediately after severing are reduced, computational modeling reveals that it is the specific stabilization of severed ends that explains CLASP’s function in promoting microtubule amplification by severing and cortical array reorientation.

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CLASP stabilization of plus ends created by severing promotes microtubule creation and reorientation

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.201805047 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 218 (1) ◽

pp. 190-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Jelmer J. Lindeboom ◽

Masayoshi Nakamura ◽

Marco Saltini ◽

Anneke Hibbel ◽

Ankit Walia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computational Modeling ◽

Blue Light ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Plant Cells ◽

Alternative Mechanism ◽

Unanswered Question ◽

Light Perception ◽

Major Focus ◽

Cortical Array

Central to the building and reorganizing cytoskeletal arrays is creation of new polymers. Although nucleation has been the major focus of study for microtubule generation, severing has been proposed as an alternative mechanism to create new polymers, a mechanism recently shown to drive the reorientation of cortical arrays of higher plants in response to blue light perception. Severing produces new plus ends behind the stabilizing GTP-cap. An important and unanswered question is how these ends are stabilized in vivo to promote net microtubule generation. Here we identify the conserved protein CLASP as a potent stabilizer of new plus ends created by katanin severing in plant cells. Clasp mutants are defective in cortical array reorientation. In these mutants, both rescue of shrinking plus ends and the stabilization of plus ends immediately after severing are reduced. Computational modeling reveals that it is the specific stabilization of severed ends that best explains CLASP’s function in promoting microtubule amplification by severing and array reorientation.

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Blue Light Perception and Signal Transduction in Higher Plants

Concepts in Photobiology ◽

10.1007/978-94-011-4832-0_26 ◽

1999 ◽

pp. 796-820 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jitendra P. Khurana ◽

Kenneth L. Poff

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Blue Light ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Light Perception

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In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100083035 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 434-435

Author(s):

D. Reis ◽

B. Vian ◽

J. C. Roland

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Self Assembly ◽

Plant Cell Wall ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cytochemical Study ◽

Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

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The Missing Dimension in the Built Environment: A Challenge for the 21st Century

The Journal of Baha’i Studies ◽

10.31581/jbs-3.1.4(1990) ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 49-66

Author(s):

Leo R. Zrudlo

Keyword(s):

Built Environment ◽

Urban Design ◽

21St Century ◽

Modern Architecture ◽

Major Focus ◽

Spiritual Dimension ◽

Unity In Diversity ◽

The Creation ◽

City Design

This article addresses architects, planners, and developers but should also interest any other professionals involved in the creation of the built environment. It begins by stating that the built environment is principally made up of buildings and groupings of buildings. Therefore, architecture and urban design are the major focus of the article. Definitions of architecture are then presented from a variety of authors and architects. An argument is made that there actually is a missing dimension in the built environment illustrated by quotations from architects, architectural theorists, amid critics. It becomes evident that architecture is unable to satisfy the emotional and aesthetic needs of people and also that the profession itself, which admits that modern architecture has created bleak and insensitive environments, is in profound disagreement on how to rectify the situation. Under the heading “Architecture–The Object” arguments for and against different architectural movements or stylistic tendencies are highlighted by quotations from the proponents of tile various styles and theories. A similar approach is taken for cities under the heading “Urban Design–The Juxtaposition of Objects.” The fact that something is missing from architectural and city design is concluded, and examples of a preoccupation for the spiritual aspect of architecture and urban design are used to illustrate this growing concern for a dimension that has been much neglected in tile previous several decades. The notion of “spiritual” is then defined, followed by a list of spiritual qualities. Two important principles, unity in diversity and consultation are discussed before presenting some concluding thoughts on how the designers of the built environment can begin finding ways of infusing their designs with a spiritual dimension.

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Blue-Light Receptors and their Signal Transduction Pathways in Higher Plants.

Seibutsu Butsuri ◽

10.2142/biophys.43.174 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 174-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Masahiro KASAHARA ◽

Masamitsu WADA

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Blue Light ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Signal Transduction Pathways

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Recapitulating Cardiac Structure and Function In Vitro from Simple to Complex Engineering

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi12040386 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 386

Author(s):

Ana Santos ◽

Yongjun Jang ◽

Inwoo Son ◽

Jongseong Kim ◽

Yongdoo Park

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Computational Modeling ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Cardiac Development ◽

Heart Tissue ◽

Cardiac Tissue Engineering ◽

Cardiac Cells

Cardiac tissue engineering aims to generate in vivo-like functional tissue for the study of cardiac development, homeostasis, and regeneration. Since the heart is composed of various types of cells and extracellular matrix with a specific microenvironment, the fabrication of cardiac tissue in vitro requires integrating technologies of cardiac cells, biomaterials, fabrication, and computational modeling to model the complexity of heart tissue. Here, we review the recent progress of engineering techniques from simple to complex for fabricating matured cardiac tissue in vitro. Advancements in cardiomyocytes, extracellular matrix, geometry, and computational modeling will be discussed based on a technology perspective and their use for preparation of functional cardiac tissue. Since the heart is a very complex system at multiscale levels, an understanding of each technique and their interactions would be highly beneficial to the development of a fully functional heart in cardiac tissue engineering.

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Blue light sensing in higher plants.

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(19)31957-x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 276 (20) ◽

pp. 17620

Author(s):

John M. Christie ◽

Winslow R. Briggs

Keyword(s):

Blue Light ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Light Sensing

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LanCL1 promotes motor neuron survival and extends the lifespan of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice

Cell Death and Differentiation ◽

10.1038/s41418-019-0422-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 1369-1382 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Honglin Tan ◽

Mina Chen ◽

Dejiang Pang ◽

Xiaoqiang Xia ◽

Chongyangzi Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽

Motor Neuron ◽

Motor Neurons ◽

Neuronal Survival ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Alternative Mechanism ◽

Specific Expression ◽

Motor Neuron Survival ◽

Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons. Improving neuronal survival in ALS remains a significant challenge. Previously, we identified Lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 1 (LanCL1) as a neuronal antioxidant defense gene, the genetic deletion of which causes apoptotic neurodegeneration in the brain. Here, we report in vivo data using the transgenic SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS indicating that CNS-specific expression of LanCL1 transgene extends lifespan, delays disease onset, decelerates symptomatic progression, and improves motor performance of SOD1G93A mice. Conversely, CNS-specific deletion of LanCL1 leads to neurodegenerative phenotypes, including motor neuron loss, neuroinflammation, and oxidative damage. Analysis reveals that LanCL1 is a positive regulator of AKT activity, and LanCL1 overexpression restores the impaired AKT activity in ALS model mice. These findings indicate that LanCL1 regulates neuronal survival through an alternative mechanism, and suggest a new therapeutic target in ALS.

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