scholarly journals Associations between respiratory health outcomes and coal mine fire PM2.5 smoke exposure: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L Johnson ◽  
Caroline X Gao ◽  
Martine Dennekamp ◽  
Grant J Williamson ◽  
David Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Mine Fire ◽  
Coal Mine Fire ◽  
Respiratory Outcomes

ABSTRACTRationalIn 2014, local wildfires ignited a fire in the Morwell open cut coal mine, in south-eastern Australia, which burned for six weeks. Limited research was available regarding the respiratory health effects of coal mine fire-related PM2.5 smoke exposure.ObjectiveThis study examined associations between self-reported respiratory outcomes in adults and mine fire-related PM2.5 smoke exposure.ParticipantsEligible participants were adult residents of Morwell, identified using the Victorian electoral roll.Main outcome measuresSelf-reported data were collected as part of the Hazelwood Health Study Adult Survey.Mine fire-related PM2.5 concentrations were retrospectively modelled by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Oceans & Atmosphere Flagship. Personalised mean 24-h and peak 12-h mine fire-related PM2.5 exposures were estimated for each participant. Data were analysed by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThere was some evidence of a dose-response relationship between respiratory outcomes and mine fire PM2.5 concentrations. Chronic cough was associated with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 1.13 (95% Confidence Interval 1.03 to 1.23; p-value 0.007) per 10 μg/m3 increment in mean PM2.5 and 1.07 (1.02 to 1.12; 0.004) per 100 μg/m3 increment in peak PM2.5. Current wheeze was associated with peak PM2.5, OR=1.06 (1.02 to 1.11; 0.004) and chronic phlegm with mean PM2.5 OR=1.10 (1.00 to 1.20; 0.052). Males, participants 18-64 years and those residing in homes constructed from non-brick/concrete materials or homes with tin/metal roofs had higher estimated ORs.ConclusionsThese findings contribute to the formation of public health policy responses in the event of future major pollution episodes.Key MessagesWhat is the key question?Was there an association between mine fire-related PM2.5 smoke exposure and self-reported respiratory health outcomes for adult residents of Morwell, approximately 2.5 years after the mine fire?What is the bottom line?There was some evidence of a dose-response relationship between respiratory outcomes and mine fire-related PM2.5 concentrations.Why read on?There is limited research regarding the health effects of coal mine fire-related PM2.5 smoke exposure and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine self-reported respiratory symptoms associated with smoke exposure from a coal mine fire.

scholarly journals Associations between Respiratory Health Outcomes and Coal Mine Fire PM2.5 Smoke Exposure: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Johnson ◽  
Caroline X. Gao ◽  
Martine Dennekamp ◽  
Grant J. Williamson ◽  
David Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mine Fire ◽  
Coal Mine Fire ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Respiratory Outcomes

In 2014, wildfires ignited a fire in the Morwell open cut coal mine, Australia, which burned for six weeks. This study examined associations between self-reported respiratory outcomes in adults and mine fire-related PM2.5 smoke exposure. Self-reported data were collected as part of the Hazelwood Health Study Adult Survey. Eligible participants were adult residents of Morwell. Mine fire-related PM2.5 concentrations were provided by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Oceans & Atmosphere Flagship. Personalised mean 24-h and peak 12-h mine fire-related PM2.5 exposures were estimated for each participant. Data were analysed by multivariate logistic regression. There was some evidence of an association between respiratory outcomes and mine fire PM2.5 exposure. Chronic cough was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.13 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.23) per 10 μg/m3 increment in mean PM2.5 and 1.07 (1.02 to 1.12) per 100 μg/m3 increment in peak PM2.5. Current wheeze was associated with peak PM2.5, OR = 1.06 (1.02 to 1.11) and chronic phlegm with mean PM2.5 OR = 1.10 (1.00 to 1.20). Coal mine PM2.5 smoke exposure was associated with increased odds of experiencing cough, phlegm and wheeze. Males, participants 18–64 years, and those residing in homes constructed from non-brick/concrete materials or homes with tin/metal roofs had higher estimated ORs. These findings contribute to the formation of public health policy responses.

The impact of the Hazelwood coal mine fire smoke exposure on asthma

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Sasha Taylor ◽  
Brigitte Borg ◽  
Caroline Gao ◽  
David Brown ◽  
Ryan Hoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Mine Fire ◽  
Fire Smoke ◽  
Coal Mine Fire ◽  
The Impact

Altered lung mechanics after coal mine fire smoke exposure in adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolette Holt ◽  
Caroline Gao ◽  
Brigitte Borg ◽  
Kris Nilsen ◽  
David Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Lung Mechanics ◽  
Mine Fire ◽  
Fire Smoke ◽  
Coal Mine Fire

Coal mine fire smoke exposure associated with increased ambulance attendances for cardiac and respiratory conditions in the Latrobe Valley, Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lahn Straney* ◽  
Martine Dennekamp ◽  
Fay Johnston ◽  
Tom O'Dwyer ◽  
Malcolm Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Mine Fire ◽  
Fire Smoke ◽  
Coal Mine Fire ◽  
Respiratory Conditions

scholarly journals Markers of Cardiovascular Disease among Adults Exposed to Smoke from the Hazelwood Coal Mine Fire

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1587
Author(s):  
Juliana Betts ◽  
Elizabeth M. Dewar ◽  
Dion Stub ◽  
Caroline X. Gao ◽  
David W. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Mine Fire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coal Mine Fire

Little research has examined the effects of high concentration, medium-duration smoke exposure on cardiovascular health. We investigated whether six weeks of exposure to smoke from the 2014 Hazelwood coal mine fire in Victoria (Australia), was associated with long-term clinical or subclinical cardiovascular disease approximately four years later, in adult residents of the towns of Morwell (exposed, n = 336) and Sale (unexposed, n = 162). The primary outcome was serum high sensitivity (hs) C-reactive protein (CRP). Blood pressure, electrocardiogram, flow mediated dilatation and serum levels of hs-troponin, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide and lipids were secondary outcomes. There was no significant difference in weighted median hsCRP levels between exposed and unexposed participants (1.9 mg/L vs. 1.6 mg/L, p = 0.273). Other outcomes were comparable between the groups. hsCRP was associated in a predictable manner with current smoking, obesity and use of lipid-lowering therapy. Four years after a 6-week coal mine fire, this study found no association between smoke exposure and markers of clinical or subclinical cardiovascular disease in exposed adults.

A SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION ASSAY FOR ANTI-ANDROGENS IN THE CHICK

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph I. Dorfman
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship

ABSTRACT The stimulating action of testosterone on the chick's comb can be inhibited by the subcutaneous injection of 0.1 mg of norethisterone or Ro 2-7239 (2-acetyl-7-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,7,9,10,10a-dodecahydrophenanthrene), 0.5 mg of cortisol or progesterone, and by 4.5 mg of Mer-25 (1-(p-2-diethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-2-p-methoxyphenyl ethanol). No dose response relationship could be established. Norethisterone was the most active anti-androgen by this test.

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