scholarly journals Microcircuitry of Performance Monitoring

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Sajad ◽  
David C. Godlove ◽  
Jeffrey D. Schall
Keyword(s):  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Spike Rate ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Synaptic Currents ◽  
Error Related Negativity ◽  
Supplementary Eye Field ◽  
Reward Delivery ◽  
Eye Field ◽  
Cortical Microcircuit ◽  
Countermanding Task

Cortical circuit mechanisms in medial frontal cortex enabling executive control are unknown. Hence, in monkeys performing a saccade countermanding task to earn larger or smaller fluid rewards, we sampled spiking and synaptic activity simultaneously across all layers of the supplementary eye field (SEF), an agranular cortical area contributing to performance monitoring in nonhuman primate and human studies. Laminar-specific synaptic currents with associated spike rate facilitation and suppression represented error production, reward gain or loss feedback, and reward delivery. The latency, polarity and magnitude of current and spike rate modulation were not predicted by the canonical cortical microcircuit. Pronounced synaptic currents in layer 2/3, which are modulated by loss magnitude, will contribute to the error-related negativity (ERN) and feedback-related negativity (FRN). These unprecedented findings reveal critical features of the cortical microcircuitry supporting performance monitoring and demonstrate that SEF can contribute to the error- and feedback-related negativity.

scholarly journals Performance Monitoring Local Field Potentials in the Medial Frontal Cortex of Primates: Supplementary Eye Field

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 1523-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik E. Emeric ◽  
Melanie Leslie ◽  
Pierre Pouget ◽  
Jeffrey D. Schall
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Error Related Negativity ◽  
Supplementary Eye Field ◽  
Gaze Holding ◽  
Trial History ◽  
Eye Field

We describe intracranial local field potentials (LFPs) recorded in the supplementary eye field (SEF) of macaque monkeys performing a saccade countermanding task. The most prominent feature at 90% of the sites was a negative-going polarization evoked by a contralateral visual target. At roughly 50% of sites a negative-going polarization was observed preceding saccades, but in stop signal trials this polarization was not modulated in a manner sufficient to control saccade initiation. When saccades were canceled in stop signal trials, LFP modulation increased with the inferred magnitude of response conflict derived from the coactivation of gaze-shifting and gaze-holding neurons. At 30% of sites, a pronounced negative-going polarization occurred after errors. This negative polarity did not appear in unrewarded correct trials. Variations of response time with trial history were not related to any features of the LFP. The results provide new evidence that error-related and conflict-related but not feedback-related signals are conveyed by the LFP in the macaque SEF and are important for identifying the generator of the error-related negativity.

Performance monitoring by the supplementary eye field

Nature ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 408 (6814) ◽  
pp. 857-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veit Stuphorn ◽  
Tracy L. Taylor ◽  
Jeffrey D. Schall
Keyword(s):  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Supplementary Eye Field ◽  
Eye Field

scholarly journals Performance Monitoring during Visual Priming

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob A. Westerberg ◽  
Alexander Maier ◽  
Geoffrey F. Woodman ◽  
Jeffrey D. Schall
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Macaque Monkeys ◽  
Supplementary Eye Field ◽  
Visual Priming ◽  
Single Feature ◽  
Eye Field ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spiking Activity

Repetitive performance of single-feature (efficient or pop-out) visual search improves RTs and accuracy. This phenomenon, known as priming of pop-out, has been demonstrated in both humans and macaque monkeys. We investigated the relationship between performance monitoring and priming of pop-out. Neuronal activity in the supplementary eye field (SEF) contributes to performance monitoring and to the generation of performance monitoring signals in the EEG. To determine whether priming depends on performance monitoring, we investigated spiking activity in SEF as well as the concurrent EEG of two monkeys performing a priming of pop-out task. We found that SEF spiking did not modulate with priming. Surprisingly, concurrent EEG did covary with priming. Together, these results suggest that performance monitoring contributes to priming of pop-out. However, this performance monitoring seems not mediated by SEF. This dissociation suggests that EEG indices of performance monitoring arise from multiple, functionally distinct neural generators.

Reward-Predicting and Reward-Detecting Neuronal Activity in the Primate Supplementary Eye Field

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 2166-2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly Amador ◽  
Madeleine Schlag-Rey ◽  
John Schlag
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Firing Pattern ◽  
Temporal Relationship ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Antisaccade Task ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Supplementary Eye Field ◽  
Reward Delivery ◽  
Saccade Onset ◽  
Eye Field

In addition to cells specifically active with visual stimuli, saccades, or fixation, the supplementary eye field contains cells that fire in precise temporal relationship with the occurrence of reward. We studied reward-related activity in two monkeys performing a prosaccade/antisaccade task and in one monkey trained in memory prosaccades only. Two types of neurons were distinguished by their reciprocal firing pattern: reward-predicting (RP) and reward-detecting (RD). RP neurons linearly increased their firing as early as 150 ms before saccade onset until the occurrence of reward, at which time they abruptly ceased firing. In contrast, RD neurons fired in phase with reward delivery, even when its duration was varied and when it was repeated at different frequencies. RD discharges were little affected or unaffected by the position of a visual cue that briefly anchored the goal at the onset of reward. The complementary firing patterns of the RP and RD neurons could provide a feedback mechanism necessary for learning and performing the task.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document