scholarly journals Assessment of the impact of shared data on the scientific literature

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Milham ◽  
R. Cameron Craddock ◽  
Michael Fleischmann ◽  
Jake Son ◽  
Jon Clucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Transformative Power ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Shared Data ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Effort

AbstractData sharing is increasingly recommended as a means of accelerating science by facilitating collaboration, transparency, and reproducibility. While few oppose data sharing philosophically, a range of barriers deter most researchers from implementing it in practice (e.g., workforce and infrastructural demands, sociocultural and privacy concerns, lack of standardization). To justify the significant effort required for sharing data (e.g., organization, curation, distribution), funding agencies, institutions, and investigators need clear evidence of benefit. Here, using the International Neuroimaging Data-sharing Initiative, we present a brain imaging case study that provides direct evidence of the impact of open sharing on data use and resulting publications over a seven-year period (2010-2017). We dispel the myth that scientific findings using shared data cannot be published in high-impact journals and demonstrate rapid growth in the publication of such journal articles, scholarly theses, and conference proceedings. In contrast to commonly used ‘pay to play’ models, we demonstrate that openly shared data can increase the scale (i.e., sample size) of scientific studies conducted by data contributors, and can recruit scientists from a broader range of disciplines. These findings suggest the transformative power of data sharing for accelerating science and underscore the need for the scientific ecosystem to embrace the challenge of implementing data sharing universally.

scholarly journals Making the mission visible: altmetrics and nontraditional publishing

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Bonnet ◽  
Marisa Méndez-Brady
Keyword(s):  
Community Outreach ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Scholarly Output ◽  
Scholarly Impact ◽  
Traditional Scholarship ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

PurposeWhereas traditional book and journal publishing remain the gold standard for many post-secondary institutions, nontraditional publishing is just as prolific at the flagship university in Maine. The university has strong land and sea grant missions that drive a broad research agenda, with an emphasis on community outreach and engagement. However, the impact of researchers’ contributions outside of academe is unlikely to be accurately reflected in promotion, tenure or review processes. Thus, the authors designed a series of altmetrics workshops aimed at seeding conversations around novel ways to track the impact of researchers’ diverse scholarly and creative outputs. Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a case study of the instructional approach taken at the University of Maine library to facilitate discussions of alternative impact assessments that reach beyond traditional publications. FindingsEvaluations revealed an increased awareness of, and interest in, impact tracking tools that capture both traditional scholarship, like journal articles, and nontraditional scholarly and creative outputs, such as videos, podcasts and newsletters. The authors learned that altmetrics provides an entry point into a broader conversation about scholarly impact, and was best received by those whose scholarly output is not always captured by traditional metrics. Practical implications Scholars are equipped with novel methods for describing the value of their work and discovering a broader audience for their research. Future initiatives will target the needs identified through initial conversations around altmetrics. Originality/valueAltmetrics workshops provide spaces to explore the potential for new tools that capture a range of previously unconsidered measures of impact, and to discuss the implications of those measures.

scholarly journals Estimation of uncertainties due to data scarcity in model upscaling: a case study of methane emissions from rice paddies in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Zhang ◽  
T. Li ◽  
Y. Huang ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
J. Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Rice Paddies ◽  
Data Scarcity ◽  
Estimation Of Uncertainties ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Data scarcity is a major cause of substantial uncertainties in regional estimations conducted with model upscaling. To evaluate the impact of data scarcity on model upscaling, we introduce an approach for aggregating uncertainties in model estimations. A data sharing matrix was developed to aggregate the modeled uncertainties in divisions of a subject region. In a case study, the uncertainty in methane emissions from rice paddies on mainland China was calculated with a local-scale model CH4MOD. The data scarcities in five of the most sensitive model variables were included in the analysis. The national total methane emissions were 6.44–7.32 Tg, depending on the spatial resolution used for modeling, with a 95% confidence interval of 4.5–8.7 Tg. Based on the data sharing matrix, two numeral indices, IR and Ids, were also introduced to suggest the proper spatial resolution in model upscaling.

scholarly journals Opening Pandora’s Box: Peeking inside psychology’s data sharing practices, and seven recommendations for change.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Towse ◽  
David Alexander Ellis ◽  
Andrea Towse
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
The Impact

Open data-sharing is a valuable practice that ought to enhance the impact, reach and transparency of a research project. While widely advocated by many researchers and mandated by some journals and funding agencies, little is known about detailed practices across psychological science. In a pre-registered study, we show that overall, few research papers directly link to available data in many, though not all, journals. Most importantly, even where open data can be identified, the majority of these lacked completeness and reusability - conclusions that closely mirror those reported outside of Psychology. Exploring the reasons behind these findings, we offer seven specific recommendations for engineering and incentivizing improved practices, so that the potential of open data can be better realized across psychology and social science more generally.

scholarly journals The Impact of Foreign Aid Conditionality on Poverty Alleviation in Bangladesh: A Recipient’s Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Mehadi Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Aid Conditionality ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Recipient Government ◽  
The Impact

Donors provide aid to the recipient government with conditions to implement some policies so that the recipient government can use aid effectively and able to improve its economic, social, and political situation as well as reduce its poverty. However, concerns have been raised that aid conditionality has promoted reforms that could not reduce the poverty situation in some countries such as sub-Saharan Africa, while some countries in East Asia were able to break out of poverty and find themselves better off than before the conditional aid was accepted. Hence, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of foreign aid conditionality on poverty alleviation in Bangladesh. The paper is qualitative in nature and a case study on Bangladesh. The study has been conducted by using secondary data, like journal articles, research papers, and Bangladesh government and aid donors’ reports. The study finds that Bangladesh has started to show considerable improvement in reducing poverty, though it is still ranking low on the Human Development Index. The findings have important implications for policymakers and captured insights about the foreign aid conditionality in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals The Potential of a Cost-Per-Use Analysis to Assess the Value of Library Open-Access Funds

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
Jessica Koos
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Biomed Central ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Article Usage ◽  
Article Processing Charges ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Design Cost ◽  
The Impact

A Review of: Hampson, C., & Stregger, E. (2017). Measuring cost per use of library-funded open access article processing charges: Examination and implications of one method. Journal of Librarianship & Scholarly Communication, 5(1), eP2182. https://doi.org/10.7710/2162-3309.2182 Abstract Objective – To determine the feasibility and potential effects of a cost-per-use analysis of library funds dedicated to open access. Design – Cost-per-use analysis, case study. Setting – PLOS and BioMed Central. Subjects – 591 articles published in PLOS ONE, 165 articles published in PLOS Biology, and 17 articles published in BioMed Central. Methods – Three specific examples are provided of how academic libraries can employ a cost-per-use analysis in order to determine the impact of library-based open access (OA) funds. This method is modeled after the traditional cost-per-use method of analyzing a library collection, and facilitates comparison to other non-OA items. The first example consisted of using a formula dividing the total library-funded article processing charges (APCs) by the total global use of the specific PLOS journal articles that were funded. The second and third examples demonstrated what a library-funded OA membership to BioMed Central would cost alone, and then with APCs that cost could be divided by the total usage of the funded articles to determine cost-per-use. Main Results – The authors found both of the examples described in the article to be potential ways of determining cost-per-use of OA articles, with some limitations. For instance, counting article usage through the publisher’s website may not capture the true usage of an article, as it does not take altmetrics into consideration. In addition, article-level data is not always readily available. In addition, the cost-per-use of OA articles was found to be very low, ranging from $0.01 to $1.51 after the first three years of publication based on the cost of library-funded APCs. The second and third methods revealed a cost-per-use of $0.10 using membership-only payments, while using the cost of membership plus APCs resulted in a cost-per-use of $0.41. Conclusion – Libraries may wish to consider using these methods for demonstrating the value of OA funds in terms of return on investment, as these techniques allow for direct comparison to the usage of traditional journals. However, several barriers need to be overcome in how article-level usage is obtained in order for these methods to be more accurate and efficient. In addition, while the authors report that "The specific examples in this study suggest that OA APCs may compare favorably to traditional publishing when considering value for money based on cost per use," they also caution that the study was not designed to answer the question if the ROI is greater for OA publications than for traditional articles, stating that "...the data in this study should not be interpreted as a verification of such an argument, as this study was not designed to answer that question, nor can it do so given the limitations on the data. This paper was designed to present and illustrate a method. Further study would be necessary to verify or refute this possibility" (p. 15).

scholarly journals Opening Pandora’s Box: Peeking inside Psychology’s data sharing practices, and seven recommendations for change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N. Towse ◽  
David A Ellis ◽  
Andrea S Towse
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Open data-sharing is a valuable practice that ought to enhance the impact, reach, and transparency of a research project. While widely advocated by many researchers and mandated by some journals and funding agencies, little is known about detailed practices across psychological science. In a pre-registered study, we show that overall, few research papers directly link to available data in many, though not all, journals. Most importantly, even where open data can be identified, the majority of these lacked completeness and reusability—conclusions that closely mirror those reported outside of Psychology. Exploring the reasons behind these findings, we offer seven specific recommendations for engineering and incentivizing improved practices, so that the potential of open data can be better realized across psychology and social science more generally.

scholarly journals Scaling Innovation Hubs: Impact on Knowledge, Innovation and Entrepreneurial Ecosystems in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-63
Author(s):  
Kelefa Mwantimwa ◽  
Nora Ndege ◽  
Joanes Atela ◽  
Andrew Hall
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Knowledge Innovation ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
The Impact

This study has explored the impact of innovation hubs on knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems. To gain deeper insights, the study adopted an exploratory case study design along a qualitative approach to conduct an empirical investigation. The study reveals a noticeable contribution of the X-Innovation Hub in empowering youths in aspects of knowledge co-creation and transfer, and promotion of diverse innovations. The findings of the study also disclose that the contribution of the innovation hub in transforming innovations into entrepreneurial opportunities is still unsatisfactory. Furthermore, the findings suggest that not all start-ups emanating from the hub are taking off. This is due to various undermining factors such as financial constraints and unfriendly legal frameworks. For X-Innovation Hub to satisfactorily and sustainably contribute to national innovation systems, deliberate efforts must be made, and strategies put in place by different stakeholders such as the government. Particularly, diversification of funding sources to minimise dependence on international development funding agencies and organisations is important.

scholarly journals Alleviation of Refugees COVID-19 Pandemic Risks- A Framework for Uncertainty Mitigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Mohamed Buheji ◽  
Bartola Mavrić ◽  
Godfred Beka ◽  
Tulika Chetia Yein
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Social Science History ◽  
International Funding ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Total Life

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the refugees has been a global concern where the possibility of its impact on the total life and livelihood is expected to be tremendous; unless drastic intervention programs are deployed in time of disaster.  This paper explores the three largest most vulnerable refugee groups facing the pandemic of COVID-19. The work was approached from a multidisciplinary perspective with the aim of observing the topic from various mindsets such as economy, social science, history, and culture so that a holistic solution can be proposed.  Refugees’ variables of uncertainty are examined during both the literature review and the case study. Then the formula of uncertainty is developed, based on the synthesis of both the cases and literature. The uncertainty is then mitigated and eliminated while talking about the risks of the COVID-19, and its potential spread. Finally, a generic framework is proposed so that the refugees not only are protected, but believe that they can have alternative solutions as they come out of the crisis. The paper brings in lots of implications to the international funding agencies, the refugees hosting countries and the local NGOs in the ground; beside the refugees themselves.

scholarly journals Scotland’s Named Person Scheme

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-587
Author(s):  
Gillian Black
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Scottish Government ◽  
Article 5 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Scottish Government’s proposal to introduce a “Named Person” scheme was intended to improve child protection and wellbeing in Scotland, by allocating an identified Named Person to every child in Scotland. The scheme was met by considerable concern from a range of parties, and was challenged in the courts on the basis that the data sharing provisions infringed the data protection and Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights (echr) privacy rights of children and parents. As a result of the complexities of introducing lawful data sharing provisions, the scheme has now been scrapped, without ever being introduced. However, at no point was there any sustained analysis of the impact of Article 5 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (uncrc) on the Named Person scheme: to what extent would the Scottish Government proposals have helped parents meet their obligations under Article 5? Or would they in fact have infringed parents’ and children’s rights? This article provides a case study of Article 5 in practice, by setting out the background to the now-defunct Named Person scheme, before going on to analyse its interaction – and compliance – with the State Party’s obligations under Article 5.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document