scholarly journals DIscrete Dynamical Model of Mechanisms Determining the Relations of Biodiversity and Stability at Different Levels of Organization of Living Matter

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. G Bespalov ◽  
K. V. Nosov ◽  
P. S. Kabalyants
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Living Matter ◽  
Dynamical Models ◽  
Levels Of Organization ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Toxic Cyanobacteria ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe paper aims at building the model of relations of biodiversity and stability at different levels of organization of living matter with the use of discrete dynamical models. The relations revealed in the study are illustrated by case studies of zooplankton community of the eutrophicated lake and the colorimetric parameters of the microalgae community of phytobenthos and phytoperiphyton. The results offer: (1) new approaches to estimating the risk of mass development of toxic cyanobacteria in eutrophicated reservoirs, and (2) new indicators for unmasking animals with protective coloring on the background of plant communities by image processing of digital photos.

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling of the protective coloration of animals with usage of parameters of diversity and evenness

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. Bespalov ◽  
K. Nosov ◽  
O. Levchenko ◽  
O. Grigoriev ◽  
I. Hnoievyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Theoretical Biology ◽  
Living Matter ◽  
Levels Of Organization ◽  
Considerable Distance ◽  
Protective Coloration ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractAdaptive mechanisms performing at different levels of organization of living matter play an important role in theoretical biology. One of the important cases of such mechanisms is the protective coloration of animals, that masks them on the ground.The article aims at building mathematical models of the performance of the protective coloration of animals, depending on the specific situations of their adaptation to a particular area. The results of the study can be used to create remote technologies for detecting animals of certain species at a considerable distance.

scholarly journals Responses and Indicators of Composition, Diversity, and Productivity of Plant Communities at Different Levels of Disturbance in a Wetland Ecosystem

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Tingting Duan ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Zhengjun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Grazing Tolerance ◽  
Organic Matter Concentration ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Different Levels

Grassland tourism is a very popular leisure activity in many parts of the world. However, the presence of people in these areas causes disturbance to the local environment and grassland resources. This study analyzes the composition, diversity, and productivity under different levels of disturbance of the plant communities in the Kangxi Grassland Tourist Area and the Yeyahu Wetland Nature Reserve of Beijing, China. It aims to identify indicators of plant communities and their responses to different levels of disturbance. Our analysis shows that the plant community density and coverage have a certain compensatory increase under disturbed conditions. With the increase in disturbances, more drought-tolerant species have appeared (increased by 5.7%), some of which have become the grazing-tolerance indicator species in the trampled grazed area (TGA). For plant community productivity, biomass and height are good indicators for distinguishing different disturbances (p < 0.05). In addition, several diversity indices reveal the change of plant communities from different perspectives (three of the four indices were significant at the p < 0.05 level). For soil parameters, soil water content and organic matter concentration help to indicate different disturbance levels (the former has a 64% change). Moreover, the standard deviation of the plant community and soil parameters is also a good indicator of their spatial variability and disturbance levels, especially for the TGA. Our analysis confirms that the indicators of productivity, diversity, and soil parameters can indicate the disturbance level in each subarea from different perspectives. However, under disturbed conditions, a comprehensive analysis of these indicators is needed before we can accurately understand the state of health of the plant community.

scholarly journals Scarcity of scale-free topology is universal across biochemical networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison B. Smith ◽  
Hyunju Kim ◽  
Sara I. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Biochemical Networks ◽  
Biological Organization ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Levels Of Organization ◽  
Common Structure ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Ecosystem Level ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Organizing Principles

AbstractBiochemical reactions underlie the functioning of all life. Like many examples of biology or technology, the complex set of interactions among molecules within cells and ecosystems poses a challenge for quantification within simple mathematical objects. A large body of research has indicated many real-world biological and technological systems, including biochemistry, can be described by power-law relationships between the numbers of nodes and edges, often described as “scale-free”. Recently, new statistical analyses have revealed true scale-free networks are rare. We provide a first application of these methods to data sampled from across two distinct levels of biological organization: individuals and ecosystems. We analyze a large ensemble of biochemical networks including networks generated from data of 785 metagenomes and 1082 genomes (sampled from the three domains of life). The results confirm no more than a few biochemical networks are any more than super-weakly scale-free. Additionally, we test the distinguishability of individual and ecosystem-level biochemical networks and show there is no sharp transition in the structure of biochemical networks across these levels of organization moving from individuals to ecosystems. This result holds across different network projections. Our results indicate that while biochemical networks are not scale-free, they nonetheless exhibit common structure across different levels of organization, independent of the projection chosen, suggestive of shared organizing principles across all biochemical networks.

Expanded Cultural Heritage Representation

2017 ◽  
pp. 256-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Meschini ◽  
Daniele Rossi ◽  
Enrica Petrucci ◽  
Filippo Sicuranza
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Augmented Virtuality ◽  
Real Objects ◽  
The City ◽  
Different Levels

The purpose of this chapter is to investigate some of the opportunities offered by technological innovations, in particular referring the specific application areas of Augmented Reality and Augmented Virtuality. The contribution presents a series of applications based on effective tests of innovative communication, which are characterized by different levels of interactivity and immersion. The general subject of interest is the city of Ascoli Piceno considering both the city as a whole and particular places/buildings of value (case studies). The central aim is to construct an informational/educational approach to real objects in innovative terms, experimenting each time with the most useful ‘container' (communicational product) to enable the best knowledge of a determined heritage.

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