scholarly journals Molluscs community associated with the brown algae of the genus Cystoseira in the Gulf of Naples (South Tyrrhenian Sea)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Chiarore ◽  
Sara Fioretti ◽  
Angela Meccariello ◽  
Giuseppe Saccone ◽  
Francesco Paolo Patti
Keyword(s):  
Algal Species ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Gamma Diversity ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Gulf Of Naples ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Ischia Island ◽  
Beta And Gamma Diversity ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractThe brown macroalgae of the genus Cystoseira are important habitat forming species along the rocky coasts all over the Mediterranean Sea. However, their decline at basin and local scale has been documented in many studies. We have characterized malacofauna associated with Cystoseira amentacea, C. compressa and C. crinita along the coasts of Ischia Island (Gulf of Naples). Samples were collected by snorkeling in the infralittoral belt. The surface within 20 x 20 cm frames was scraped off and collected in three replicates each sites. The diversity and structure of community were described by number of species, the exponential Shannon and the reciprocal Simpson’s indexes of diversity. The patterns of diversity at spatial scale were assessed by alpha, beta and gamma diversity. A total of 53 species of molluscs were identified in those associations. Gastropoda were the most species-rich class followed by Bivalvia and Polyplacophora. Bivalves were dominant in terms of number of individuals because of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. The species M. galloprovincialis was the most frequent and top dominant one inhabiting Cystoseira associations along the coasts of Ischia Island (96.6 % of the total abundance). Most of the identified molluscs species belonged to two feeding guilds: micrograzers and filter feeders (29 and 13 species respectively). Only juveniles were found providing the importance of Cystoseira associations as nursery for molluscs recruitment. Differences in composition and structure of molluscs assemblages were found within the three algal associations and seem to correspond both to different morphology and habitat in which these algal species live.

scholarly journals Syntopic Cystoseira taxa support different molluscan assemblages in the Gulf of Naples (southern Tyrrhenian Sea)

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Chiarore ◽  
Iacopo Bertocci ◽  
Sara Fioretti ◽  
Angela Meccariello ◽  
Giuseppe Saccone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Brown Macroalgae ◽  
Gulf Of Naples ◽  
Invertebrate Biodiversity ◽  
Southern Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
June July ◽  
Shed Light

Brown macroalgae belonging to the genus Cystoseira (Fucales: Sargassaceae) are canopy-forming organisms the recent decline of which at a basin and local scale has been widely documented, which urgently calls for research to fill knowledge gaps and support new and effective measures for protection. We, hereby, characterised the molluscan assemblages associated with three Cystoseira taxa (C. amentacea, C. compressa and C. crinita) from Ischia Island (Italy, Tyrrhenian Sea), and tested whether different congeneric taxa may syntopically support a different biota. In particular, these assemblages were compared among three Cystoseira species, between two times of sampling (June–July 2015 and June–July 2016), and among six sites in terms of multivariate structure (identity and relative abundances of constituting taxa combined, and presence–absence composition), as well as for synthetic measures of diversity, including the total richness of taxa, the exponential Shannon index and the reciprocal Simpson index. In total, 24736 molluscan individuals were collected, overall belonging to 52 taxa. The majority of the identified species included micrograzers and filter feeders, which is in agreement with similar previous studies. The composition of associated molluscan assemblages, which was mainly represented by juvenile individuals, differed among the three Cystoseira species, suggesting that even congeneric taxa do not support an analogous benthic fauna. The present findings have shed light on the molluscan biota associated with Cystoseira taxa in the Gulf of Naples and strengthened the importance of such habitat-forming macroalgae in structuring the local infralittoral invertebrate biodiversity and as a nursery for species-specific associated molluscs.

scholarly journals From Siliciclastic to Bioclastic Deposits in the Gulf of Naples: New Highlights from Offshore Ischia and Procida–Pozzuoli Based on Sedimentological and Seismo-Stratigraphic Data

Quaternary ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Gemma Aiello ◽  
Mauro Caccavale
Keyword(s):  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Dense Network ◽  
Seismic Profiles ◽  
Seafloor Topography ◽  
Gulf Of Naples ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Ischia Island ◽  
Depositional Systems ◽  
Pontine Islands ◽  
Seismic Lines

This study discusses the siliciclastic to bioclastic deposits (in particular, the rhodolith deposits) in the Gulf of Naples based on sedimentological and seismo-stratigraphic data. The selected areas are offshore Ischia Island (offshore Casamicciola, Ischia Channel), where a dense network of sea-bottom samples has been collected, coupled with Sparker Multi-tip seismic lines, and offshore Procida–Pozzuoli (Procida Channel), where sea-bottom samples are available, in addition to Sparker seismic profiles. The basic methods applied in this research include sedimentological analysis, processing sedimentological data, and assessing seismo-stratigraphic criteria and techniques. In the Gulf of Naples, and particularly offshore Ischia, bioclastic sedimentation has been controlled by seafloor topography coupled with the oceanographic setting. Wide seismo-stratigraphic units include the bioclastic deposits in their uppermost part. Offshore Procida–Pozzuoli, siliciclastic deposits appear to prevail, coupled with pyroclastic units, and no significant bioclastic or rhodolith deposits have been outlined based on sedimentological and seismo-stratigraphic data. The occurrence of mixed siliciclastic–carbonate depositional systems is highlighted in this section of the Gulf of Naples based on the obtained results, which can be compared with similar systems recognized in the central Tyrrhenian Sea (Pontine Islands).

scholarly journals A new approach to assess marine opportunity costs and monetary values for spatial planning and conservation; the case study of Gulf of Naples, Mediterranean Sea, Italy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Appolloni
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Flexible Approach ◽  
Gulf Of Naples ◽  
Total Turnover

Conservation actions (as Marine Protected Areas) are key tools to maintain coastal ecosystems. However, many reserves are characterized by several problems related to inadequate zonings that preclude important areas from economic activities, determining a strong hostility by local populations. Thus, estimations of marine economic values-in-use are needed for protection of marine ecosystem in order to find the best compromise between conservation priorities and local population needs. Algorithms to estimate monetary values of the main human activities in marine territories (large scale and small scale fishings, aquaculture, beach resorts, yachting, diving and commercial shipping) are here implemented using Gulf of Naples (centre Tyrrhenian sea, Italy) as study area example. These algorithms are based on different sources data (questionnaires, monitoring activities, official local authority reports, web and scientific literature). They can also be compared with each other being their outputs all expressed in the same measure unit. During the models development process a new flexible approach, called “Systematic Costs Assessment” (SCA), to assess opportunity costs in systematic conservation planning process was developed and applied. Results show that the total turnover in the Gulf of Naples is 3,950,753,487 € per year and 747,647,887 € per year excluding small scale fishing estimation, and one hectare of marine territory is worth 40,672 € and 7,696 € per year excluding small scale fishing activity. In particular, excluding small scale fishing activity, beach resort and yachting show the highest values referred to one hectare of marine territories. In conclusion, SCA is a flexible approach where no long and costly sampling campaigns are always needed, provided that two assumptions have to be taken into account, in order to estimate credible values-in-use costs: i) do not use economic activities data and ecosystem services data in the same assessment layer, since it could lead to costs overestimation and ii) SCA method are efficient when used by operators with strong knowledge of the study area, since they are able to recognize parameters affecting economic activities of local population.

scholarly journals Species composition and structure of parasites component communities of tugun Coregonus tugun (Pallas, 1814) from the Khatanga and Yenisei Rivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Kseniya Viktorovna Polyaeva ◽  
Gennady Nikolaevich Dorovskikh ◽  
Yuliya Konstantinovna Chugunova
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Species Composition And Structure

Tugun Coregonus tugun (Pallas, 1814) is an endemic of Siberia. Information about the species composition and structure of tugun parasite community on the stage of spawning migration is described in this paper. We carried out ichtioparasitologic studies in the Yenisey and the Khatanga Rivers in 2011-2014. Tugun parasite complex from the Khatanga River remains statistically identical in species composition, number of individuals and biomass and differs from those of the Yeniseis tugun over the entire study period. Apparently two different stocks of tugun were investigated in the Yenisei River. One of them lives in the Yeniseis streambed, the other one lives in the Podkamennaya Tunguska River. The composition of the parasitic fauna of tugun from two rivers is formed by generalist species. Tugun parasites component communities from all material collection stations have high values of the Shannon index and two dominant species (by numbers of parasites and by biomass). We found out that the species biomasses differ significantly on the graphic community structure. The description of tugun parasite communities corresponds to characteristic of a climax community on the stage of destruction except the graphic structure. In the analyzed parasitic communities the processes of egg laying and larval appearance, the death of parasites of previous year generation and infection with this year parasites occur simultaneously. The stages of formation and destruction of the community overlap. The described state of tugun parasites communities has an adaptive value. The load on the host body is reduced which ensures the long-term existence of parasites.

scholarly journals Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0233872
Author(s):  
Kendra E. Walters ◽  
Jennifer B. H. Martiny
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Diversity ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Beta And Gamma Diversity

scholarly journals Results of the first Wave Glider experiment in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Aulicino ◽  
Yuri Cotroneo ◽  
Teodosio Lacava ◽  
Giancanio Sileo ◽  
Giannetta Fusco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Surface Parameters ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Gulf Of Naples ◽  
Southern Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Wave Glider

<p>A wave-propelled autonomous vehicle (Wave Glider) instrumented with a variety of oceanographic and meteorological sensors was launched from Gulf of Naples on the 12<sup>th </sup>of September 2012 for a two-week mission in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea. The main objective of the mission was a preliminary evaluation of the potential of commercial autonomous platforms to provide reliable measurements of sea surface parameters which can complement existing satellite based products moving from the local to the synoptic scale. To this aim Wave Glider measurements were compared to equivalent, or near-equivalent, satellite products achieved from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) sensors onboard the EOS (Earth Observing System) satellite platforms and from AVISO (Archiving Validation and Interpretation of Satellite Oceanographic Data). Level-3 near real time and Level-4 reprocessed sea surface foundation temperature products provided by the CMEMS (Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service) were also included in this study as well as high resolution model output supplied by NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean). The Wave Glider was equipped with sensors to measure temperature, salinity, currents, as well as Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM), turbidity and refined fuels fluorescence. The achieved results confirmed the emerging value of Wave Gliders in the framework of multiplatform monitoring systems of the ocean surface parameters. In particular, they showed that Wave Glider measurements captured the southern Tyrrhenian Sea major surface oceanographic features, including the coast to open sea haline gradient and the presence of a cyclone-anticyclone system in the southeastern sub-region. The Wave Glider also had the capability to monitor upper ocean currents at finer spatial and temporal scales than satellite altimetric observations and model outputs. Nonetheless, results stressed the existence of several limits in the combined use of satellite and Wave Glider observations and the necessity of further analyses concerning the monitoring of the ocean optical properties. In fact, Wave Glider and satellite-based products agree in terms of sea surface temperature and currents patterns, while bio-optical properties turned out to be less well correlated. No significant traces of refined fuels have been detected along the WG track.</p>

Multivariate tools to investigate the occurrence of pollutants in a highly anthropised marine area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
francesco paolo buonocunto ◽  
nicola cardellicchio ◽  
antonella di leo ◽  
eliana esposito ◽  
luciana ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Deep Dive ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Gulf Of Naples ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Sarno River

&lt;p&gt;Environmental monitoring of highly anthropised areas demands for deep survey of different environmental compartments (water, sediment, soil and biota) and determination of numerous bio-geo-chemical parameters, due to the huge impact of natural and anthropogenic organic substances constantly released into these environments. However, the interpretation of the large amount of data is not straightforward task due to their complexity that require a very tricky elaboration especially for the decision making processes. Chemo-metrics tools based on the multivariate statistical data analysis seems to be a powerful tool in addressing such complexity (Mali et al., 2017). In this work they are performed to get insight the occurrence of organic pollutants within a highly populated area such as the Gulf of Naples.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Gulfs of Naples, located along the Eastern Tyrrhenian Sea, is semi-enclosed by the Ischia-Procida Islands to NW, Campi Flegrei and the Campanian Plain in NE, the Sorrento peninsula in SE, and Capri island in W. The Campania region has one of the highest population densities in Italy. The Gulfs of Naples are the receiving environment for persistent toxic substances from the Campania Plain (Albanese et al., 2010; Arienzo et al., 2017). Montuori and Triassi (2012) reported that the discharges of PAHs from the Sarno River to the Gulf of Naples is approximately 8530 g/d. The main goal of this work is to establish the influence of the Campania Plain on the present sedimentation in the Naples bay continental shelf by evaluating organic matter contribution and pollution. For this purpose, superficial sediment samples collected from 158 sites located offshore the Gulf of Naples between Sarno River and Capri Island, were analyzed for total nitrogen and phosphorus, total organic carbon (TOC), grain size, metals, priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides and organotin compounds (OTs). The adopted multivariate approach allowed, through a clear spatial representation of score plots, a deep dive into the large dataset generated by the investigation campaign, highlighting the influence of some main factors controlling the contamination pattern, such as organic matter content and depositional environment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;References&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Albanese, S., De Vivo, B., Lima, A., Cicchella, D., Civitillo, D., Cosenza, A., 2010. Geochemical baselines and risk assessment of the Bagnoli brownfield site coastal sea sediments (Naples, Italy). J. Geochem. Explor. 105, 19&amp;#8211;33.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Arienzo, M., Donadio, C., Mangoni, O., Bolinesi, F., Stanislao, C., Trifuoggi, M., Toscanesi, M., Di Natale, G., Ferrara, L., 2017. Characterization and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in the sediments of gulf of Pozzuoli (Campania, Italy). Mar. Pollut. Bull. 124, 480&amp;#8211;487.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mali, M., Dell'Anna, M.M., Notarnicola, M., Damiani, L., Mastrorilli, P., 2017. Combining chemometric tools for assessing hazard sources and factors acting simultaneously in contaminated areas. Case study: &quot;Mar Piccolo&quot; Taranto (South Italy). Chemosphere 184, 784-794.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Montuori, P., Triassi, M., 2012. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons loads into the Mediterranean Sea: estimate of Sarno River inputs. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 64, 512&amp;#8211;520.&lt;/p&gt;

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