scholarly journals The first near-complete assembly of the hexaploid bread wheat genome, Triticum aestivum

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey V. Zimin ◽  
Daniela Puiu ◽  
Richard Hall ◽  
Sarah Kingan ◽  
Bernardo J. Clavijo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Final Assembly ◽  
Bread Wheat Genome ◽  
Diploid Ancestor

AbstractCommon bread wheat, Triticum aestivum, has one of the most complex genomes known to science, with 6 copies of each chromosome, enormous numbers of near-identical sequences scattered throughout, and an overall size of more than 15 billion bases. Multiple past attempts to assemble the genome have failed. Here we report the first successful assembly of T. aestivum, using deep sequencing coverage from a combination of short Illumina reads and very long Pacific Biosciences reads. The final assembly contains 15,344,693,583 bases and has a weighted average (N50) contig size of of 232,659 bases. This represents by far the most complete and contiguous assembly of the wheat genome to date, providing a strong foundation for future genetic studies of this important food crop. We also report how we used the recently published genome of Aegilops tauschii, the diploid ancestor of the wheat D genome, to identify 4,179,762,575 bp of T. aestivum that correspond to its D genome components.

The efficacy of Cot-based gene enrichment in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genome ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1120-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Lamoureux ◽  
Daniel G Peterson ◽  
Wanlong Li ◽  
John P Fellers ◽  
Bikram S Gill
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Genomic Libraries ◽  
Gene Space ◽  
Fold Enrichment ◽  
Gene Enrichment ◽  
Fold Reduction

We report the results of a study on the effectiveness of Cot filtration (CF) in the characterization of the gene space of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a large genome species (1C = 16 700 Mb) of tremendous agronomic importance. Using published Cot data as a guide, 2 genomic libraries for hexaploid wheat were constructed from the single-stranded DNA collected at Cot values > 1188 and 1639 M·s. Compared with sequences from a whole genome shotgun library from Aegilops tauschii (the D genome donor of bread wheat), the CF libraries exhibited 13.7-fold enrichment in genes, 5.8-fold enrichment in unknown low-copy sequences, and a 3-fold reduction in repetitive DNA. CF is twice as efficient as methylation filtration at enriching wheat genes. This research suggests that, with improvements, CF will be a highly useful tool in sequencing the gene space of wheat.Key words: gene enrichment, renaturation kinetics, gene-rich regions, bread wheat.

scholarly journals The first near-complete assembly of the hexaploid bread wheat genome, Triticum aestivum

GigaScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey V Zimin ◽  
Daniela Puiu ◽  
Richard Hall ◽  
Sarah Kingan ◽  
Bernardo J Clavijo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
Bread Wheat Genome

Isolation and mapping of microsatellite markers specific for the D genome of bread wheat

Genome ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Pestsova ◽  
M W Ganal ◽  
M S Röder
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Lambda Phage ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Microsatellite Map ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Primer Sets

The potential of Aegilops tauschii, the diploid progenitor of the D genome of wheat, as a source of microsatellite markers for hexaploid bread wheat was investigated. By screening lambda phage and plasmid libraries of Ae. tauschii genomic DNA, dinucleotide microsatellites containing GA and GT motifs were isolated and a total of 65 functional microsatellite markers were developed. All primer pairs that were functional in Ae. tauschii amplified well in hexaploid wheat. Fifty-five loci amplified by 48 primer sets were placed onto a genetic framework map of the reference population of the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) 'Opata 85' × 'W7984'. The majority of microsatellite markers could be assigned to the chromosomes of the D genome of wheat. The distribution of the markers along the chromosomes is random. Chromosomal location of 22 loci nonpolymorphic in the reference population was determined using nullitetrasomic lines of Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring'. The results of this study demonstrate the value of microsatellite markers isolated from Ae. tauschii for the study of bread wheat. The microsatellite markers developed improve the existing wheat microsatellite map and can be used in a wide range of genetic studies and breeding programs.Key words: Aegilops tauschii, wheat, molecular markers, genetic map, simple sequence repeats.

scholarly journals A Microsatellite Map of Wheat

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 2007-2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion S Röder ◽  
Victor Korzun ◽  
Katja Wendehake ◽  
Jens Plaschke ◽  
Marie-Hélène Tixier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
D Genome ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Microsatellite Map ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Polymorphic Microsatellite ◽  
Primer Sets

Abstract Hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) is one of the world's most important crop plants and displays a very low level of intraspecific polymorphism. We report the development of highly polymorphic microsatellite markers using procedures optimized for the large wheat genome. The isolation of microsatellite-containing clones from hypomethylated regions of the wheat genome increased the proportion of useful markers almost twofold. The majority (80%) of primer sets developed are genome-specific and detect only a single locus in one of the three genomes of bread wheat (A, B, or D). Only 20% of the markers detect more than one locus. A total of 279 loci amplified by 230 primer sets were placed onto a genetic framework map composed of RFLPs previously mapped in the reference population of the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) Opata 85 × W7984. Sixty-five microsatellites were mapped at a LOD >2.5, and 214 microsatellites were assigned to the most likely intervals. Ninety-three loci were mapped to the A genome, 115 to the B genome, and 71 to the D genome. The markers are randomly distributed along the linkage map, with clustering in several centromeric regions.

Population‐dependent reproducible deviation from natural bread wheat genome in synthetic hexaploid wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 801-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulqader Jighly ◽  
Reem Joukhadar ◽  
Deepmala Sehgal ◽  
Sukhwinder Singh ◽  
Francis C. Ogbonnaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Wheat Genome ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Synthetic Hexaploid ◽  
Bread Wheat Genome

scholarly journals Genome-wide Survey of the Dehydrin Genes in Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) and its Relatives: Identification, Evolution and Expression Profiling Under Various Abiotic Stresses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongchao Hao ◽  
Ming Hao ◽  
Hongwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Functional Study ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Background: Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is an important and fundamental cereal worldwide. With increasingly severe environmental stress, it is very important to mine stress-resistant genes for wheat breeding. Dehydrin (DHN) genes are primary candidates because they are involved in the response to many stressors. Results: Here, a genome-wide analysis of this gene family was performed on the genomes of wheat and its three relatives. A total of 55 DHN genes in Triticum aestivum, 31 in Triticum dicoccoides, 15 in Triticum urartu, and 16 in Aegilops tauschii were identified. The phylogenetic, synteny, sequence and protein structure analyses showed that the DHN genes were divided into five groups, Genes in the same group share similar conserved motifs, protein structures, and potential functions. The tandem TaDHN genes responded strongly to drought, cold and high salinity stresses, while the non-tandem genes were responded weakly to all stress conditions. Further, multiple DHN proteins cooperation maybe an important way to prevent plants from abiotic stress according to the interaction network analysis. Conclusions: Conserved, duplicated DHN genes may have played an important role in the adaptation of wheat to a variety of conditions, hence, contributing to the distribution of bread wheat as a global staple food. This research illuminates the contributions of DHN genes to abiotic stresses in Triticeae species and offers helpful information for further functional study of DHN genes in these crops.

Dormancy Spreads Seed Germination over a Long Period with a Discontinuous Procession in Aegilops tauschii, the D-genome Donor Species of Bread Wheat

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi-Jiao Chen ◽  
Lian-Quan Zhang ◽  
You-Wei Yang ◽  
Zhong-Wei Yuan ◽  
Zhi-Guo Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Genome Donor ◽  
Donor Species
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