scholarly journals Porcine commensalEscherichia coli: A reservoir for class 1 integrons associated with IS26

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron J. Reid ◽  
Ethan R. Wyrsch ◽  
Piklu Roy Chowdhury ◽  
Tiziana Zingali ◽  
Michael Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Class 1

AbstractPorcine faecal waste is a serious environmental pollutant. Carriage of antimicrobial resistance and virulence-associated genes (VAGs) and the zoonotic potential of commensalEscherichia colifrom swine is largely unknown. Furthermore, little is known about the role of commensalE. colias contributors to the mobilisation of antimicrobial resistance genes between food animals and the environment. Here, we report whole genome sequence analysis of 141E. colifrom the faeces of healthy pigs. Most strains belonged to phylogroups A and B1 and carried i) a class 1 integron; ii) VAGs linked with extraintestinal infection in humans; iii) antimicrobial resistance genesblaTEM, aphAl, cmlA, strAB, tet(A)A,dfrA12, dfrA5, sul1, sul2, sul3; iv)IS26;and v) heavy metal resistance genes (merA, cusA, terA). Carriage of the sulphonamide resistance genesul3was notable in this study. The 141 strains belonged to 42 multilocus sequence types, but clonal complex 10 featured prominently. Structurally diverse class 1 integrons that were frequently associated with IS26 carried unique genetic features that were also identified in extraintestinal pathogenicE. coli(ExPEC) from humans. This study provides the first detailed genomic analysis and point of reference for commensalE. coliof porcine origin, facilitating tracking of specific lineages and the mobile resistance genes they carry.Conflict of Interest StatementNone to declare.

scholarly journals Integron Expression in Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from House Flies within the Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-327
Author(s):  
Atchariya YOSBOONRUANG ◽  
Anong KIDDEE ◽  
Chatsuda BOONDUANG ◽  
Phannarai PIBALPAKDEE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
House Flies ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Class 1

Escherichia coli is a serious cause of a variety of hospital-acquired infections and commonly contributes to the environment by house flies. Integrons, particularly class 1 integrons, are the genetic elements that play an important role in the horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance mechanism. This mechanism is commonly found in Enterobacteriaceae, especially E. coli. In this study, we aim to investigate the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. coli isolated from the house flies in Phayao hospital and to determine the gene expression of class 1 integrons in those isolates of E. coli. Totally, 70 isolates of E. coli were isolated from 60 house flies collected from the hospital. Fifty-seven of the isolates (81.43 %) were multidrug resistance (MDR) and highly resistant to b-lactams, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides. Of 57 isolates of MDR-E. coli, 20 isolates (35 %) were found to carry class 1 integron genes. Fifteen patterns of antimicrobial resistance occurred in the isolates of integron-positive E. coli. Most integron-positive E. coli isolates were resistant to 7 antimicrobials. Two isolates of these bacteria (10 %) were able to resist 13 out of 14 tested antimicrobials. Using PCR and sequencing analysis, an investigation showed that dfrA17-aadA5, dfrA12-aadA2 gene cassette was the most prevalent cassette (n = 10; 50 %) among the integron-positive E. coli isolates. Our results indicated that the presences of multidrug resistance and class 1 integrons were common in E. coli isolated from the houseflies in hospital. Therefore, screening for integron-positive E. coli from the hospital environment might be necessary for prevention of nosocomial infections.

Antimicrobial Resistance, Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Productivity, and Class 1 Integrons in Escherichia coli from Healthy Swine

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 1442-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
KANJANA CHANGKAEW ◽  
APIRADEE INTARAPUK ◽  
FUANGFA UTRARACHKIJ ◽  
CHIE NAKAJIMA ◽  
ORASA SUTHIENKUL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Gene Cassettes ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Class 1

Administration of antimicrobials to food-producing animals increases the risk of higher antimicrobial resistance in the normal intestinal flora of these animals. The present cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate antimicrobial susceptibility and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)–producing strains and to characterize class 1 integrons in Escherichia coli in healthy swine in Thailand. All 122 of the tested isolates had drug-resistant phenotypes. High resistance was found to ampicillin (98.4% of isolates), chloramphenicol (95.9%), gentamicin (78.7%), streptomycin (77.9%), tetracycline (74.6%), and cefotaxime (72.1%). Fifty-four (44.3%) of the E. coli isolates were confirmed as ESBL-producing strains. Among them, blaCTX-M (45 isolates) and blaTEM (41 isolates) were detected. Of the blaCTX-M-positive E. coli isolates, 37 carried the blaCTX-M-1 cluster, 12 carried the blaCTX-M-9 cluster, and 5 carried both clusters. Sequence analysis revealed blaTEM-1, blaTEM-135, and blaTEM-175 in 38, 2, and 1 isolate, respectively. Eighty-seven (71%) of the 122isolates carried class 1 integrons, and eight distinct drug-resistance gene cassettes with seven different integron profiles were identified in 43 of these isolates. Gene cassettes were associated with resistance to aminoglycosides (aadA1, aadA2, aadA22, or aadA23), trimethoprim (dfrA5, dfrA12, or dfrA17), and lincosamide (linF). Genes encoding β-lactamases were not found in class 1 integrons. This study is the first to report ESBL-producing E. coli with a class 1 integron carrying the linF gene cassette in swine in Thailand. Our findings confirm that swine can be a reservoir of ESBL-producing E. coli harboring class 1 integrons, which may become a potential health risk if these integrons are transmitted to humans. Intensive analyses of animal, human, and environmental isolates are needed to control the spread of ESBL-producing E. coli strains.

Diversity of antimicrobial resistance genes and class-1-integrons in phylogenetically related porcine and human Escherichia coli

2012 ◽  
Vol 160 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 403-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Susanne Hölzel ◽  
Katrin Susanne Harms ◽  
Johann Bauer ◽  
Ilse Bauer-Unkauf ◽  
Stefan Hörmansdorfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Class 1

Distribution of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Class 1 Integron Gene Cassette Arrays in Motile Aeromonas spp. Isolated from Goldfish (Carassius auratus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1217-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Hossain ◽  
Benthotage Chamara Jayasankha De Silva ◽  
Sudu Hakuruge Madusha Pramud Wimalasena ◽  
Hansani Nilupama Kumari Senarath Pathirana ◽  
Pasan Sepala Dahanayake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Gene Cassette ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Class 1

scholarly journals Molecular and Phenotypic Characteristics ofEscherichia coliIsolates from Farmed Minks in Zhucheng, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Qiu ◽  
Zhiyu Jiang ◽  
Zijing Ju ◽  
Xiaonan Zhao ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Class 1

In this study, the prevalence, phenotypes, and clonal relationships ofEscherichia coli(E. coli) strains isolated from minks were investigated. In July 2017, a total of 62 fresh faecal swab samples were randomly collected from one large-scale mink farm in Zhucheng, Shandong Province, China. In all the samples, 50E. colistrains were isolated and then assigned to serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility test, detection of antimicrobial resistance genes and the Class 1 integrons, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Four pathogenic serotypes were identified among all the isolates, while the most common serotype was enterohemorrhagicE. coliO104:H4 (6.0 %). Antimicrobial sensitivity testing revealed that most isolates were susceptible to cefoxitin (96.0 %) and amikacin (82.0 %), while most isolates were resistant to ampicillin (92.0 %) and tetracycline (90.0 %). An analysis of the nucleotide sequences revealed that 7 isolates (14.0%) carried 4 types of Class 1 integron cassette, includingdfrA27+aadA2+qnrA(57.1%),dfrA17+aadA5(14.3%),dfrA12+aadA2(14.3%), anddfrA1+aadA1(14.3%). PCR screening showed that 14 antibiotic resistance genes were presented in 50 isolates, while the most prevalent resistance gene wasqnrS, which was detected in 60.0 % of isolates, followed bysul2(40.0%) andoqxA(38.0%). MLST analysis showed that 32 sequence types (STs) were identified, while ST46 was the predominant genotype among all isolates. Clonal complex 3 (CC3) was dominant. Compared with 340 humanE. coliSTs reported in China, the ST10 clonal complex, known as the largest human clonal complex, was also found in the 50 minkE. coliisolates. Meanwhile, mink-derived strain ST206 formed a new clonal complex, CC206, which was different from human ST strains. Our results showed that farmed minks could be reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistantE. coliwith Class 1 integron cassettes and resistance genes, which were likely to pose a threat to public health. Therefore, continuous inspections and monitoring ofE. coliin minks are essential for detecting and controlling emergingE. coliwith different serovars as well as antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Whole-genome sequence analysis of Vibrio cholerae from three outbreaks in Uganda, 2014 - 2016

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1340
Author(s):  
Dickson Aruhomukama ◽  
Ivan Sserwadda ◽  
Gerald Mboowa
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Type Vi Secretion System ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Background: Cholera remains a serious public health problem in Uganda and Africa. The aim of this study was to provide the complete array of antimicrobial resistance genes, integrative and conjugative elements, virulence genes, pathogenicity islands, plasmids, and insertion sequences in the strains. In addition, this study also aimed to provide a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based phylogenetic analysis of the strains. Methods: In the analysis, both Linux and web-based bioinformatics approaches were used to analyze the study sequences. Databases used included; FastQC, MultiQC, Snippy, PANTHER, PATRIC, Unicycler, ISFinder, Center for Genomic Epidemiology pipelines (i.e. MLST, PlasmidFinder, MyDbFinder, and ResFinder), MashTree and IcyTree.  Results: The 10 sequenced strains of Vibrio cholerae were found to carry virulence-associated genes including MakA, ctxA, ctxB, carA, carB, trpB, clpB, ace, toxR, zot, rtxA, ompW, ompR, gmhA, fur, hlyA, and rstR. Also identified were: genes of the Type VI secretion system including vasA-L, vgrG-2, vgrG-3, vipA/mglA, and vipB/mglB; alsD (VC1589), involved in the synthesis of 2,3-butanediol; alsR, involved in the acetate-responsive LysR-type regulation; makA, the flagella-mediated cytotoxin gene; Type VI pilus genes including tcpA-F, tcpH-J, tcpN, tcpP-T, and icmF/vasK; adherence genes acfA-D and IlpA; and quorum sensing system genes luxS and cqsA. Pathogenicity islands identified comprised of VSP-1 and VSP-2, as well as VPI-1 and VPI-2. In addition, strA and B, APH(3'')-I, APH(3'')-Ib, APH(6)-Id, APH(6)-Ic, murA, pare, dfrA1, floR, catB, and catB9 were among the antimicrobial resistance genes found in the sequences. Analysis for SNPs shared among the sequences showed that the sequenced strains shared 218 SNPs and of these, 98 SNPs were missense. Gene enrichment analysis of these SNPs showed enrichment in genes that mediate transmembrane-signaling receptor activity, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity, and phosphor-relay response regulator activity. Conclusions: This study applied bioinformatics approaches to provide comprehensive genomic analysis of V. cholerae genomes obtained from Uganda.

Antimicrobial resistance genes and class 1 integrons in MDR Salmonella strains isolated from swine lymph nodes

Food Control ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 108190
Author(s):  
Fábio Sossai Possebon ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Niz Alvarez ◽  
Leila Sabrina Ullmann ◽  
João Pessoa Araújo Jr
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Class 1

Identification of Proteus genomic island 2 variants in two clonal Proteus mirabilis isolates with coexistence of a novel genomic resistance island PmGRI1

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 2503-2507
Author(s):  
Chang-Wei Lei ◽  
Tian-Ge Yao ◽  
Jia Yan ◽  
Bo-Yang Li ◽  
Xue-Chun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Genomic Island ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1 Integrons ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Resistance Island ◽  
Integrative And Conjugative Element

Abstract Objectives To characterize the MDR genomic islands (GIs) in Proteus mirabilis isolates. Methods Two P. mirabilis strains (C55 and C74) of chicken origin were subjected to WGS (HiSeq and PacBio) and the MDR GIs were determined. Results P. mirabilis strains C55 and C74 are clonal strains and harbour different Proteus genomic island 2 (PGI2) variants (PGI2-C55 and PGI2-C74). The MDR region of PGI2-C55 is composed of two class 1 integrons, separated by a region containing seven copies of IS26 and eight resistance genes, including blaCTX-M-3 and fosA3. The region in PGI2-C74 is a complete In4-type class 1 integron, harbouring five gene cassettes (dfrA16, blaCARB-2, aadA2, cmlA1 and aadA1). In addition, C55 and C74 carry an SXT/R391 integrative and conjugative element (ICEPmiJpn1), harbouring blaCMY-2, and a novel 50.46 kb genomic resistance island named PmGRI1-C55. PmGRI1-C55 harbours a tyrosine-type recombinase/integrase that might be responsible for the integration of PmGRI1-C55 at the 3′ end of tRNA-Sec. It carries an MDR region derived from Tn2670 that harbours a Tn21 region and carries six resistance genes (catA1, blaTEM-1b, aphA1a, sul2, strA and strB). Blast analysis showed diverse PmGRI1 variants in P. mirabilis and Escherichia coli strains. Conclusions The finding of the two new PGI2 variants highlights that the homologous recombination between shared components of class 1 integrons and transposition by IS26 promote the diversity of MDR regions in PGI2. PmGRI1 is a new GI that carries various resistance genes identified in P. mirabilis and E. coli.

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