scholarly journals Dissociable neural information dynamics of perceptual integration and differentiation during bistable perception

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Canales-Johnson ◽  
Alexander J. Billig ◽  
Francisco Olivares ◽  
Andrés Gonzalez ◽  
María del Carmen Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Information Dynamics ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Perceptual Integration ◽  
Information Measures ◽  
Bistable Perception ◽  
Neural Information ◽  
Oscillatory Power ◽  
Parallel Streams ◽  
Perceptual Differentiation

ABSTRACTAt any given moment, we experience a perceptual scene as a single whole and yet we may distinguish a variety of objects within it. This phenomenon instantiates two properties of conscious perception: integration and differentiation. Integration to experience a collection of objects as a unitary percept, and differentiation to experience these objects as distinct from each other. Here we evaluated the neural information dynamics underlying integration and differentiation of perceptual contents during bistable perception. Participants listened to a sequence of tones (auditory bistable stimuli) experienced either as a single stream (perceptual integration) or as two parallel streams (perceptual differentiation) of sounds. We computed neurophysiological indices of information integration and information differentiation with electroencephalographic and intracranial recordings. When perceptual alternations were endogenously driven, the integrated percept was associated with an increase in neural information-integration and a decrease in neural differentiation across frontoparietal regions, whereas the opposite pattern was observed for the differentiated percept. However, when perception was exogenously driven by a change in the sound stream (no bistability) neural oscillatory power distinguished between percepts but information measures did not. We demonstrate that perceptual integration and differentiation can be mapped to theoretically-motivated neural information signatures, suggesting a direct relationship between phenomenology and neurophysiology.

scholarly journals Dissociable Neural Information Dynamics of Perceptual Integration and Differentiation during Bistable Perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 4563-4580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Canales-Johnson ◽  
Alexander J Billig ◽  
Francisco Olivares ◽  
Andrés Gonzalez ◽  
María del Carmen Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Information Dynamics ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Perceptual Integration ◽  
Information Measures ◽  
Bistable Perception ◽  
Neural Information ◽  
Oscillatory Power ◽  
Parallel Streams ◽  
Perceptual Differentiation

Abstract At any given moment, we experience a perceptual scene as a single whole and yet we may distinguish a variety of objects within it. This phenomenon instantiates two properties of conscious perception: integration and differentiation. Integration is the property of experiencing a collection of objects as a unitary percept and differentiation is the property of experiencing these objects as distinct from each other. Here, we evaluated the neural information dynamics underlying integration and differentiation of perceptual contents during bistable perception. Participants listened to a sequence of tones (auditory bistable stimuli) experienced either as a single stream (perceptual integration) or as two parallel streams (perceptual differentiation) of sounds. We computed neurophysiological indices of information integration and information differentiation with electroencephalographic and intracranial recordings. When perceptual alternations were endogenously driven, the integrated percept was associated with an increase in neural information integration and a decrease in neural differentiation across frontoparietal regions, whereas the opposite pattern was observed for the differentiated percept. However, when perception was exogenously driven by a change in the sound stream (no bistability), neural oscillatory power distinguished between percepts but information measures did not. We demonstrate that perceptual integration and differentiation can be mapped to theoretically motivated neural information signatures, suggesting a direct relationship between phenomenology and neurophysiology.

scholarly journals Corrigendum: Dissociable Neural Information Dynamics of Perceptual Integration and Differentiation during Bistable Perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 3856-3856
Author(s):  
Andrés Canales-Johnson ◽  
Alexander J Billig ◽  
Francisco Olivares ◽  
Andrés Gonzalez ◽  
María del Carmen Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Dynamics ◽  
Perceptual Integration ◽  
Bistable Perception ◽  
Neural Information

scholarly journals Complexity as Causal Information Integration

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1107
Author(s):  
Carlotta Langer ◽  
Nihat Ay
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Complexity Measures ◽  
Causal Information ◽  
Information Measures ◽  
Causal Connections ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The Em Algorithm ◽  
Integrated Information

Complexity measures in the context of the Integrated Information Theory of consciousness try to quantify the strength of the causal connections between different neurons. This is done by minimizing the KL-divergence between a full system and one without causal cross-connections. Various measures have been proposed and compared in this setting. We will discuss a class of information geometric measures that aim at assessing the intrinsic causal cross-influences in a system. One promising candidate of these measures, denoted by ΦCIS, is based on conditional independence statements and does satisfy all of the properties that have been postulated as desirable. Unfortunately it does not have a graphical representation, which makes it less intuitive and difficult to analyze. We propose an alternative approach using a latent variable, which models a common exterior influence. This leads to a measure ΦCII, Causal Information Integration, that satisfies all of the required conditions. Our measure can be calculated using an iterative information geometric algorithm, the em-algorithm. Therefore we are able to compare its behavior to existing integrated information measures.

scholarly journals BOLD temporal variability differentiates wakefulness from anesthesia-induced unconsciousness

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 834-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis T. Baria ◽  
Maria V. Centeno ◽  
Mariam E. Ghantous ◽  
Pei C. Chang ◽  
Daniele Procissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Information Integration ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Absolute Power ◽  
Awake State ◽  
Information Measures ◽  
Isoflurane Anesthesia ◽  
States Of Consciousness

Even though a number of findings, based on information content or information integration, are shown to define neural underpinnings characteristic of a conscious experience, the neurophysiological mechanism of consciousness is still poorly understood. Here, we investigated the brain activity and functional connectivity changes that occur in the isoflurane-anesthetized unconscious state in contrast to the awake state in rats (awake and/or anesthetized, n = 68 rats). We examined nine information measures previously shown to distinguish between conscious states: blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) variability, functional connectivity strength, modularity, weighted modularity, efficiency, clustering coefficient, small-worldness, and spatial and temporal Lempel-Ziv complexity measure. We also identified modular membership, seed-based network connectivity, and absolute and normalized power spectrums to assess the integrity of the BOLD functional networks between awake and anesthesia. fMRI BOLD variability and related absolute power were the only information measures significantly higher during the awake state compared with isoflurane anesthesia across animals, and with varying levels of anesthesia, after correcting for motion and respiration confounds. Thus, we conclude that, at least under the specific conditions examined here, global measures of information integration/sharing do not properly distinguish the anesthetized state from wakefulness, and heightened overall, global and local, BOLD variability is the most reliable determinant of conscious brain activity relative to isoflurane anesthesia. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Multiple metrics previously suggested to be able to distinguish between states of consciousness were compared, within and across rats in awake and isoflurane anesthesia-induced unconsciousness. All measures tested showed sensitivity to confounds, correcting for motion and for respiration changes due to anesthesia. Resting state local BOLD variability and the related absolute power were the only information measures that robustly differentiated wakefulness states. These results caution against the general applicability of global information measures in identifying levels of consciousness, thus challenging the popular concept that these measures reflect states of consciousness, and also pointing to local signal variability as a more reliable indicator of states of wakefulness.

Propofol induction reduces the capacity for neural information integration: Implications for the mechanism of consciousness and general anesthesia

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
UnCheol Lee ◽  
George A. Mashour ◽  
Seunghwan Kim ◽  
Gyu-Jeong Noh ◽  
Byung-Moon Choi
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Information Integration ◽  
Neural Information

scholarly journals Prior Verbal Description of Novel Stimuli Improves the Learning of Information Integration Categories but not Rule-Described Categories

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Paul Minda ◽  
Bailey Brashears ◽  
Joshua John Hatherley
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Verbal Description ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Verbal System ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Verbal Processing ◽  
Implicit System ◽  
Verbal Rules ◽  
Category Exemplars ◽  
Enhanced Learning

A prominent theory of category learning assumes that people rely on two parallel and competing systems that make use of either the abstraction of verbal rules (explicit system) or the gradual association of the category exemplars with the appropriate response (implicit system). Because the explicit system relies on verbal processing, we hypothesized that priming the verbal system by asking participants to provide a verbal description of some of the stimuli prior to classification would enhance the learning of rule-described categories but would have no effect on the learning of information integration categories. Our results failed to confirm the hypothesis, and we observed the opposite pattern: prior verbal description enhanced learning of the information integration categories but not the rule-described categories. Our data and subsequent modelling suggest that participants in both categories tended to rely on a rule-based strategy, but participants were quicker to abandon that strategy when they had prior exposure to the stimuli.

scholarly journals Information dynamics: temporal behavior of uncertainty measures

Open Physics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Garbaczewski
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Shannon Information ◽  
Temporal Behavior ◽  
Dynamical Processes ◽  
Information Dynamics ◽  
Information Measures ◽  
Uncertainty Measures ◽  
Probability Densities

AbstractWe carry out a systematic study of uncertainty measures that are generic to dynamical processes of varied origins, provided they induce suitable continuous probability distributions. The major technical tools are the information theory methods and inequalities satisfied by Fisher and Shannon information measures. We focus on the compatibility of these inequalities with the prescribed (deterministic, random or quantum) temporal behavior of pertinent probability densities.

Musical Information Dynamics as Models of Auditory Anticipation

2010 ◽  
pp. 371-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shlomo Dubnov
Keyword(s):  
Information Source ◽  
Musical Structure ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Information Dynamics ◽  
Information Measures ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Musical Cognition ◽  
Shared Information ◽  
Listening Experience

This chapter investigates the modeling methods for musical cognition. The author explores possible relations between cognitive measures of musical structure and statistical signal properties that are revealed through information dynamics analysis. The addressed questions include: 1) description of music as an information source, 2) modeling of music–listener relations in terms of communication channel, 3) choice of musical features and dealing with their dependencies, 4) survey of different information measures for description of musical structure and measures of shared information between listener and the music, and 5) suggestion of new approach to characterization of listening experience in terms of different combinations of musical surface and structure expectancies.

Masking, Information Integration, and Tactile Pattern Perception: A Comparison of the Isolation and Integration Hypotheses

Perception ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas P Mahar ◽  
Brian D Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Information Integration ◽  
Pattern Discrimination ◽  
Spatial Separation ◽  
Pattern Perception ◽  
Temporal Separation ◽  
Perceptual Integration ◽  
Pattern Processing ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Tactile Pattern ◽  
Competing Models

Two competing models of the effects of pattern element proximity, masking, and perceptual integration on the discriminability of spatiotemporal vibrotactile patterns are compared. Kirman's ‘integration hypothesis' predicts that pattern perception is facilitated by a process of perceptual integration which requires that pattern elements be presented in close spatial and temporal proximity. Conversely, the ‘isolation hypothesis' predicts that the strong masking effects which occur when pattern elements are presented in close proximity impede the perception of patterns. Traditional masking studies do not provide a fair test of these two hypotheses because they rely on methods that measure the subject's ability to identify the target when the target is presented in conjunction with the mask, rather than the discriminability of the complex percept resulting from the integration of the target and mask. To account for this, a new procedure was devised where the amount of interelement masking and the discriminability of the pattern as a whole were measured independently as the spatial and temporal separation of the pattern elements were varied. As expected under both hypotheses, masking between pattern elements increased as either the spatial or the temporal separation between them was decreased. The pattern discrimination data also support the isolation hypothesis in that the patterns were discriminated less well with increasing temporal element separation with a similar but nonsignificant trend in the case of spatial separation. It is concluded that this new methodology should be applied to a wider range of tactile pattern processing situations in order to assess the generality of the results obtained.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document