scholarly journals Components of alcohol use and all-cause mortality

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Hartz ◽  
Mary Oehlert ◽  
Amy C. Horton ◽  
Richard Grucza ◽  
Sherri L. Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Typical Day ◽  
Drinking Frequency ◽  
The Impact

AbstractImportanceCurrent recommendations for low-risk drinking are based on drinking quantity: up to one drink daily for women and two drinks daily for men. Drinking frequency has not been independently examined for its contribution to mortality.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of drinking frequency on all-cause mortality after adjusting for drinks per day and binge drinking behavior.DesignTwo independent observational studies with self-reported alcohol use and subsequent all-cause mortality: the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), and data from Veteran’s Health Administration clinics (VA).SettingEpidemiological sample (NHIS) and VA outpatient database (VA Corporate Data Warehouse).Participants208,661 individuals from the NHIS interviewed between 1997 and 2009 at the age of 30 to 70 with mortality follow-up in the last quarter of 2011; 75,515 VA outpatients born between 1948 and 1968 who completed an alcohol survey in 2008 with mortality follow-up in June 2016.ExposuresQuantity of alcohol use when not binging (1-2 drinks on typical day, 3-4 drinks on typical day), frequency of non-binge drinking (never, weekly or less, 2-3 times weekly, 4 or more times weekly), and frequency of binge drinking (never, less than weekly, 1-3 times weekly, 4 or more times weekly). Covariates included age, sex, race, and comorbidity.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAll-cause mortality.ResultsAfter adjusting for binge drinking behavior, survival analysis showed an increased risk for all-cause mortality among people who typically drink 1-2 drinks four or more times weekly, relative to people who typically drink 1-2 drinks at a time weekly or less (NHIS dataset HR=1.15, 95% CI 1.06-1.26; VA dataset HR=1.31, 95% CI 1.15-1.49).Conclusions and RelevanceDrinking four or more times weekly increased risk of all-cause mortality, even among those who drank only 1 or 2 drinks daily. This was seen in both a large epidemiological database and a large hospital-based database, suggesting that the results can be generalized.

scholarly journals Real-Time Mobile Monitoring of Drinking Episodes in Young Adult Heavy Drinkers: Development and Comparative Survey Study

10.2196/13765 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e13765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J Fridberg ◽  
James Faria ◽  
Dingcai Cao ◽  
Andrea C King
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real World ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Natural Environments

Background Binge drinking, defined as consuming five or more standard alcoholic drinks for men (four for women) within a 2-hour period, is common among young adults and is associated with significant alcohol-related morbidity and mortality. To date, most research on this problem in young adults has relied upon retrospective questionnaires or costly laboratory-based procedures. Smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) may address these limitations by allowing researchers to measure alcohol use and related consequences in real time and in drinkers’ natural environments. To date, however, relatively less research has systematically examined the utility of this approach in a sample of young adults targeting real-world heavy drinking episodes specifically. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a smartphone-based EMA method targeting binge drinking and related outcomes in heavy drinking young adults during real-world drinking occasions. Methods Young adult binge drinkers in the smartphone group (N=83; mean 25.4 (SD 2.6) years; 58% (48/83) male; bingeing on 23.2% (6.5/28) days in the past month) completed baseline measures of alcohol use and drinking-related consequences, followed by up to two smartphone-based EMA sessions of typical drinking behavior and related outcomes in their natural environments. They also completed next-day and two-week follow-up surveys further assessing alcohol use and related consequences during the EMA sessions and two weeks after study participation, respectively. A separate demographic- and drinking-matched safety comparison group (N=25) completed the baseline and two-week follow-up surveys but did not complete EMA of real-world drinking behavior. Results Most participants (71%, 59/83) in the smartphone group engaged in binge drinking during at least one 3-hour EMA session, consuming 7.3 (SD 3.0) standard alcoholic drinks. They completed 87.2% (507/581) system-initiated EMA prompts during the real-world drinking episode, supporting the feasibility of this approach. The procedure was acceptable, as evidenced by high participant ratings for overall satisfaction with the EMA software and study procedures and low ratings for intrusiveness of the mobile surveys. Regarding safety, participants endorsed few drinking-related consequences during or after the real-world drinking episode, with no adverse or serious adverse events reported. There were no differences between the groups in terms of changes in drinking behavior or consequences from baseline to two-week follow-up. Conclusions This study provided preliminary support for the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a smartphone-based EMA of real-time alcohol use and related outcomes in young adult heavy drinkers. The results suggest that young adults can use smartphones to safely monitor drinking even during very heavy drinking episodes. Smartphone-based EMA has strong potential to inform future research on the epidemiology of and intervention for alcohol use disorder by providing researchers with an efficient and inexpensive way to capture large amounts of data on real-world drinking behavior and consequences.

Real-Time Mobile Monitoring of Drinking Episodes in Young Adult Heavy Drinkers: Development and Comparative Survey Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J Fridberg ◽  
James Faria ◽  
Dingcai Cao ◽  
Andrea C King
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real World ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Natural Environments

BACKGROUND Binge drinking, defined as consuming five or more standard alcoholic drinks for men (four for women) within a 2-hour period, is common among young adults and is associated with significant alcohol-related morbidity and mortality. To date, most research on this problem in young adults has relied upon retrospective questionnaires or costly laboratory-based procedures. Smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) may address these limitations by allowing researchers to measure alcohol use and related consequences in real time and in drinkers’ natural environments. To date, however, relatively less research has systematically examined the utility of this approach in a sample of young adults targeting real-world heavy drinking episodes specifically. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a smartphone-based EMA method targeting binge drinking and related outcomes in heavy drinking young adults during real-world drinking occasions. METHODS Young adult binge drinkers in the smartphone group (N=83; mean 25.4 (SD 2.6) years; 58% (48/83) male; bingeing on 23.2% (6.5/28) days in the past month) completed baseline measures of alcohol use and drinking-related consequences, followed by up to two smartphone-based EMA sessions of typical drinking behavior and related outcomes in their natural environments. They also completed next-day and two-week follow-up surveys further assessing alcohol use and related consequences during the EMA sessions and two weeks after study participation, respectively. A separate demographic- and drinking-matched safety comparison group (N=25) completed the baseline and two-week follow-up surveys but did not complete EMA of real-world drinking behavior. RESULTS Most participants (71%, 59/83) in the smartphone group engaged in binge drinking during at least one 3-hour EMA session, consuming 7.3 (SD 3.0) standard alcoholic drinks. They completed 87.2% (507/581) system-initiated EMA prompts during the real-world drinking episode, supporting the feasibility of this approach. The procedure was acceptable, as evidenced by high participant ratings for overall satisfaction with the EMA software and study procedures and low ratings for intrusiveness of the mobile surveys. Regarding safety, participants endorsed few drinking-related consequences during or after the real-world drinking episode, with no adverse or serious adverse events reported. There were no differences between the groups in terms of changes in drinking behavior or consequences from baseline to two-week follow-up. CONCLUSIONS This study provided preliminary support for the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a smartphone-based EMA of real-time alcohol use and related outcomes in young adult heavy drinkers. The results suggest that young adults can use smartphones to safely monitor drinking even during very heavy drinking episodes. Smartphone-based EMA has strong potential to inform future research on the epidemiology of and intervention for alcohol use disorder by providing researchers with an efficient and inexpensive way to capture large amounts of data on real-world drinking behavior and consequences.

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Mitigation Measures on Alcohol Consumption and Binge Drinking in College Students: A Longitudinal Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9822
Author(s):  
Margarida Vasconcelos ◽  
Alberto Crego ◽  
Rui Rodrigues ◽  
Natália Almeida-Antunes ◽  
Eduardo López-Caneda
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Craving ◽  
Binge Drinkers ◽  
The Impact

To “flatten the curve” of COVID-19 contagion, several countries ordered lockdowns amid the pandemic along with indications on social distancing. These social isolation measures could potentially bring alterations to healthy behavior, including to alcohol consumption. However, there is hardly any scientific evidence of the impact of such measures on alcohol consumption and binge drinking (BD) among young adults, and how they relate to alcohol craving, stress, anxiety, and depression levels. We addressed these questions by conducting a longitudinal study with 146 Portuguese college students—regular binge drinkers (regular BDs), infrequent binge drinkers (infrequent BDs) and non-binge drinkers (non-BDs)—in three moments: before the pandemic (Pre-Lockdown), during lockdown (Lockdown) and 6 months after (Post-Lockdown). Results revealed that regular BDs decreased alcohol use during Lockdown, a change in behavior that was even greater during Post-Lockdown, when regular BDs displayed similar levels of consumption to infrequent/non-BDs. Additionally, alcohol craving and living with friends were predictive of alcohol use during Lockdown, whereas stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms did not contribute to explain changes in drinking behavior. Collectively, the results suggest that BD in young Portuguese college students can be stopped when the contexts in which alcohol intake usually takes place are suppressed, which may have important implications for future prevention and intervention strategies.

scholarly journals The Impact of Binge Drinking on Mortality and Liver Disease in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Bernard Surial ◽  
Nicolas Bertholet ◽  
Jean-Bernard Daeppen ◽  
Katharine Darling ◽  
Alexandra Calmy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Hazardous Drinking ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Mortality

Whereas excessive alcohol consumption increases liver disease incidence and mortality, evidence on the risk associated with specific drinking patterns is emerging. We assessed the impact of binge drinking on mortality and liver disease in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. All participants with follow-up between 2013 and 2020 were categorized into one of four drinking pattern groups: “abstinence”, “non-hazardous drinking”, “hazardous but not binge drinking” (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test Consumption [AUDIT-C] score ≥ 3 in women and ≥4 in men), and “binge drinking” (≥6 drinks/occasion more than monthly). We estimated adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) for all-cause mortality, liver-related mortality and liver-related events using multivariable quasi-Poisson regression. Among 11,849 individuals (median follow-up 6.8 years), 470 died (incidence rate 7.1/1000 person-years, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.5–7.8), 37 experienced a liver-related death (0.6/1000, 0.4–0.8), and 239 liver-related events occurred (3.7/1000, 3.2–4.2). Compared to individuals with non-hazardous drinking, those reporting binge drinking were more likely to die (all-cause mortality: aIRR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3–2.7; liver-related mortality: 3.6, 0.9–13.9) and to experience a liver-related event (3.8, 2.4–5.8). We observed no difference in outcomes between participants reporting non-hazardous and hazardous without binge drinking. These findings highlight the importance of assessing drinking patterns in clinical routine.

Combined lack of blood pressure and lipid control is a major risk factor for mortality in hypertensive patients: a single-center study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Magkas ◽  
G Georgiopoulos ◽  
D Konstantinidis ◽  
E Manta ◽  
M Kouremeti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Lipid Control ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Hypertension and dyslipidemia are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In such patients, lowering blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and targeting to values below pre-specified cut-offs prevents CV events and improves prognosis. However, the impact of both BP and LDL-C control as compared to control of only one and/or none of these two risk factors is not well-studied. Methods Among 2,380 treated patients with hypertension and no overt CVD at baseline, we assessed the trajectory of BP control in 1,142 subjects with 4 or more follow up visits; BP control was defined as BP<140/90 mmHg in half or more visits. In the same subgroup, data on lipid control according to LDL-C goals were available in 1,032 patients in 2 or 3 visits. The HeartScore was used to estimate the risk of all-cause death at baseline. Results Across a median follow up of 108 months, 26 deaths (2.44%) were recorded. Despite appropriate anti-hypertensive treatment, 376 patients (32.92%) did not achieve conventional BP control in half or more of follow-up visits. Respectively, 59.83% of the study population did not meet the LDL-C goals in at least one assessment. Patients with suboptimal BP control had almost 3-fold increased risk for all-cause mortality (HR=2.85, 95% CI 1.31–6.21, P=0.008) as compared to subjects with effective control. This association was not attenuated after taking into account age, gender, body mass index, smoking, and diabetes mellitus (adjusted HR=2.54, 95% CI 1.13–5.72, P=0.025). Ineffective LDL-C control was not related to death (HR=1.31, 95% CI 0.688–2.48). However, patients who did not reach treatment goals for both BP and LDL showed substantially increased risk for all-cause mortality (HR=5.42, 95% CI 1.09–26.9, P=0.039). Importantly, suboptimal BP control in our cohort of hypertensive patients was associated with death independently of the HeartScore (adjusted HR=2.65, 95% CI 1.22–5.77, P=0.014) and conferred incremental reclassification value on top of the baseline risk (continuous NRI=0.467, P=0.016). Conclusions Suboptimal BP control was related to all-cause mortality in our cohort of hypertensive patients; importantly, this association was substantially stronger in concurrent presence of LDL-C values above treatment targets, thus, highlighting the need for combined achievement of BP and LDL-C control. Moreover, association of suboptimal BP controlwith death was independent of the HeartScore, suggesting that BP control should be considered in risk stratification of hypertensive patients Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Prior cancer diagnosis in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer and the risk of prostate cancer specific and all-cause mortality.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 70-70
Author(s):  
Kristina Mirabeau-Beale ◽  
Ming-Hui Chen ◽  
Anthony Victor D'Amico
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Competing Risks ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact

70 Background: We evaluated the impact of a prior diagnosis of cancer on the risk of prostate cancer specific mortality (PCSM) and all cause mortality (ACM) in men with a diagnosis of non-metastatic prostate cancer (PC). Methods: Using the SEER population data registry, 166,104 men (median age: 66 [Interquartile range (IQR): 60 to 73 years]) diagnosed with prostate cancer (PC) between 2004 and 2007 comprised the study cohort. We used a Fine and Grays competing risks and Cox regression to evaluate the impact a prior cancer diagnosis (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) had on the risk of PCSM and ACM adjusting for PSA level, Gleason score (GS), tumor (T) category, age at and year of diagnosis, race and whether initial treatment received was curative, non-curative or patients underwent active surveillance (AS) or watchful waiting (WW). Prior to the diagnosis of PC, 1,457 malignancies occurred at a median of 4.8 years. Results: After a median follow up of 2.75 years, 12,453 men died: 3,809 (30.6%) from PC. On multivariable analysis, advancing age in years was associated with an increased risk of PCSM as was Gleason score 8 to 10 PC and the use of WW/AS or non-curative therapy (all p values < 0.001). However, men with a prior cancer were significantly older (median age: 72 vs 66 years, p=0.001) and followed longer (median follow up: 3.0 vs 2.75 years, p < 0.001) and were more likely to have high-risk PC (30.1% vs 26.8%, p=0.01) based on the occurrence of Gleason 8 to 10 PC (19.2% vs 15.1%, P < 0.001) and underwent WW or AS more frequently (30.5% vs 22.5%, p<0.001). Despite these findings which would tend toward an increased risk of PCSM in these men, the adjusted risk of PCSM was significantly decreased in these men (Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR): 0.66 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): [0.45, 0.97]; p =0.033) while the risk of ACM was increased (AHR: 2.92 [95% CI: 2.64, 3.23]; p < 0.001) suggesting that competing risks and not curative PC treatment may be accounting for the reduction in the risk of PCSM. Conclusions: In men with a malignancy prior to the diagnosis of PC, a careful assessment of life expectancy is needed to decide on whether curative treatment for PC versus WW or AS is appropriate.

NT-proBNP Predicts All-Cause Mortality in a Population of Insurance Applicants, Follow-up Analysis and Further Observations

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fulks ◽  
Valerie Kaufman ◽  
Michael Clark ◽  
Robert L. Stout
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Social ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Risk Curve ◽  
Predictive Risk ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Objective. – Further refine the independent value of NT-proBNP, accounting for the impact of other test results, in predicting all-cause mortality for individual life insurance applicants with and without heart disease. Method. – Using the Social Security Death Master File and multivariate analysis, relative mortality was determined for 245,322 life insurance applicants ages 50 to 89 tested for NT-proBNP (almost all based on age and policy amount) along with other laboratory tests and measurement of blood pressure and BMI. Results. – NT-proBNP values ≤75 pg/mL included the majority of applicants denying heart disease and had the lowest risk, while values &gt;500 pg/mL for females and &gt;300 pg/mL for males had very high relative risk. Those admitting to heart disease had a higher mortality risk for each band of NT-proBNP relative to those denying heart disease but had a similar and equally predictive risk curve. Conclusion. – NT-proBNP is a strong independent predictor of all-cause mortality in the absence or presence of known heart disease but the range of values associated with increased risk varies by sex.

Cognitive Impairment and Physical Activity in Old Age: The Impact on All-Cause Mortality in a 15-Year Follow-Up of the Bambuí Cohort Study of Aging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erico Castro-Costa ◽  
Jerson Laks ◽  
Cecilia Godoi Campos ◽  
Josélia OA Firmo ◽  
Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Old Age ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Does parental permissiveness toward cigarette smoking and alcohol use influence illicit drug use among adolescents? A longitudinal study in seven European countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Mehanović ◽  
Federica Vigna-Taglianti ◽  
Fabrizio Faggiano ◽  
Maria Rosaria Galanti ◽  
Barbara Zunino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
European Countries ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose Adolescents’ perceptions of parental norms may influence their substance use. The relationship between parental norms toward cigarette and alcohol use, and the use of illicit substances among their adolescent children is not sufficiently investigated. The purpose of this study was to analyze this relationship, including gender differences, using longitudinal data from a large population-based study. Methods The present study analyzed longitudinal data from 3171 12- to 14-year-old students in 7 European countries allocated to the control arm of the European Drug Addiction Prevention trial. The impact of parental permissiveness toward cigarettes and alcohol use reported by the students at baseline on illicit drug use at 6-month follow-up was analyzed through multilevel logistic regression models, stratified by gender. Whether adolescents’ own use of cigarette and alcohol mediated the association between parental norms and illicit drug use was tested through mediation models. Results Parental permissive norms toward cigarette smoking and alcohol use at baseline predicted adolescents’ illicit drug use at follow-up. The association was stronger among boys than among girls and was mediated by adolescents’ own cigarette and alcohol use. Conclusion Perceived parental permissiveness toward the use of legal drugs predicted adolescents’ use of illicit drugs, especially among boys. Parents should be made aware of the importance of norm setting, and supported in conveying clear messages of disapproval of all substances.

Body mass index and risk of all-cause mortality in normotensive and hypertensive adults: The Rural Chinese Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Qionggui Zhou ◽  
Xuejiao Liu ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Pei Qin ◽  
Yongcheng Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Chinese Cohort ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: The impact of baseline hypertension status on the BMI–mortality association is still unclear. We aimed to examine the moderation effect of hypertension on the BMI–mortality association using a rural Chinese cohort. Design: In this cohort study, we investigated the incident of mortality according to different BMI categories by hypertension status. Setting: Longitudinal population-based cohort Participants: 17,262 adults ≥18 years were recruited from July to August of 2013 and July to August of 2014 from a rural area in China. Results: During a median 6-year follow-up, we recorded 1109 deaths (610 with and 499 without hypertension). In adjusted models, as compared with BMI 22-24 kg/m2, with BMI ≤18, 18-20, 20-22, 24-26, 26-28, 28-30 and >30 kg/m2, the HRs (95% CI) for mortality in normotensive participants were 1.92 (1.23-3.00), 1.44 (1.01-2.05), 1.14 (0.82-1.58), 0.96 (0.70-1.31), 0.96 (0.65-1.43), 1.32 (0.81-2.14), and 1.32 (0.74-2.35) respectively, and in hypertensive participants were 1.85 (1.08-3.17), 1.67 (1.17-2.39), 1.29 (0.95-1.75), 1.20 (0.91-1.58), 1.10 (0.83-1.46), 1.10 (0.80-1.52), and 0.61 (0.40-0.94) respectively. The risk of mortality was lower in individuals with hypertension with overweight or obesity versus normal weight, especially in older hypertensives (≥60 years old). Sensitivity analyses gave consistent results for both normotensive and hypertensive participants. Conclusions: Low BMI was significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality regardless of hypertension status in rural Chinese adults, but high BMI decreased the mortality risk among individuals with hypertension, especially in older hypertensives.

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