scholarly journals Burrow Morphology of Genus Ocypode (Brachyura: Decapoda: Ocypodidae) Along the Coast of Karachi

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Odhano ◽  
N. U. Saher
Keyword(s):  
High Tide ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tide Level ◽  
Burrow Morphology

AbstractBurrow morphology of Ocypode rotundata and O. ceratophthalma was studied on the sandy beach of Karachi with the aim of identifying their significance and relationship to the shore environment. The small sized burrows found at low tide level and large sized burrows found at the high tide level up to dry or splash zone. The burrow count during the winter season was lower as compared summer season. Only single burrow opening was observed in O. rotundata and O. ceratophthalma oriented towards the sea. The burrow depth was between 460 to 1300 mm and 490 to 760 mm in O. rotundata and O. ceratophthalma respectively. Strong correlation (r2=81.2 and 89.2%) was observed between carapace length and burrow diameter of the O. rotundata and O. ceratophthalma respectively. For the grain size analysis, maximum amount of grain resulted with fine sand 57.04% (2.5Φ, 3.0Φ). For anthropogenic analysis, data showed no any significant difference (P value =0.128 and 0.671) from two sites but number of burrow counts decreases as the number of human activity increasing day by day at the selected beaches.

scholarly journals Compositional and industrial assessment of Isua-Akoko, Akure, Ayadi and Lafe (Ode Aye) clay deposits of Ondo state, Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
O Adegbuyi ◽  
GP Ojo ◽  
AJ Adeola ◽  
MT Alebiosu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Medium Sand ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Firing Test ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Ondo State

The physical and chemical properties of clay deposits around Isua-Akoko, Akure, Lafe and Ayadi in Ondo State southwestern Nigeria have been examined. The results have shown that Isua-Akoko, Akure and Lafe Clays are plastic fire clays while Ayadi clay is kaolinite. Grain size analysis reveals that Isua Akoko Clay contains 45% of clay, 18% silt, 12% fine sand,14% medium sand and 11% coarse sand and no gravel; Akure clay contains 42% clay, 14% silt, 13% fine sand, 20% medium sand and 8% coarse sand with 1% gravel. Lafe Clay contains 21% clay, 8% silt, 25% fine sand, 37% medium sand and 8% coarse sand with 1% gravel while Ayadi clay contains 83% clay and 17% silt. The liquid limits of these clay samples range from 41% to 73%% and plastic limits range from 18% to 26% respectively. The chemical analysis reveals that the most abundant mineral is silica (60.97%) and aluminum was next in abundance (23.69%) while other oxides are low. The results show that Isua-Akoko and Akure are residual while Lafe and Ayadi are sedimentary and transported Clays. The firing test, PH, and bleaching tests of the clays are also discussed. The chemical and physical characteristics of the clay deposits are strongly indicative of their industrial importance in the production of ceramics, refractories, paving bricks, paint and pharmaceutical products.KEYWORDS: Kaolinite, fire clay, gravel, ceramics and alumina.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study of Heavy Metal (Zn, Pb, Cr, As, Cu, Cd) Contaminations on Different Soil Level from Post-Mining Bauxite Production for Aquaculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Risandi Dwirama Putra ◽  
Tri Apriadi ◽  
Ani Suryanti ◽  
Henky Irawan ◽  
Tengku Said Raja'I ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Soil Level

Bauxite production and exploration give negative impact environmental modification and increasing concern pollution of heavy metals. One of an alternative to reduce the negative impact of bauxite post-mining production is by re-utilizing the abandoned bauxite land and necessary exploratory study to obtain the current environmental conditions primarily related to heavy metals in bauxite mining area. Soil and water quality samples from 5 (five) sites based on post-mining activities were used to determine concentration heavy metals of As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu from different soil level. They were also collected for grain size analysis including those of sand and mud percentages along with the mean, and sorting analysis. The mean grain size post-mining bauxite ranged between very fine sand to medium sand and had heterogeneous texture. The coarse grain size percentage increased towards the bottom of the soil. Total heavy metal contents for post-mining bauxite soils are 0,081 ppm, 0,245 to 0,471 ppm and 0,007 ppm for As, Pb and Cd respectively. Heavy metals for Cd, uniformly at every depth from soil level. On the other hand, Pb showed significance pattern, it was indicated every depth from soil level, the concentration of Pb was different.

scholarly journals PENGARUH LAMA PENYINARAN MATAHARI TERHADAP POTENSI PRODUKSI PADI BERDASARKAN ANALISIS SPASIAL DI KABUPATEN MALANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Gali Gusira ◽  
S Sudarto ◽  
Aditya Nugraha Putra
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
P Value ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Natural Factor ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Validation Test ◽  
Significant Difference

The agriculture sector holds an essential role to produce foodstuff, including rice. Malang Regency accomplishes about 0,915% from the total of national rice consumption needed. Any natural factor can influence rice productivity such as the time of sun exposure, where sun exposure at around Malang Regency is equal to 7,5-10,7 hour day-1 based on data from 8 climatological stations. This study aimed at analyzing the influence of time exposure toward rice production potential in Malang Regency. The study consisted of four stages, namely: preparation, pre-survey, survey, and data analysis. Data analysis consisted of correlation and stepwise regression tests. The validation test was carried out to test the feasibility of the observed variables. In addition, a spatial analysis was carried out to determine the distribution of the duration of sun exposure and productivity of rice fields in Malang Regency using ArcGIS 10.3. The results showed that the time of exposure gives a low contribution impact on rice production potential with a correlation value of 0.023. This gives an explanation that there is another factor besides the time of sun exposure that could provide a bigger impact. Surface soil permeability in this research is the only other factor that could influence production potential significantly, with influence level as high as 14.7%. But, result from validation test showed that the p-value obtained is equal to 0.000 (p <0.05), indicating a significant difference between potential production based on the exposure with the results of the field survey, so that the exposure factor still could be used to predicted rice production result in Malang Regency.

scholarly journals Sediment Characterization and Monsoonal Impact on Beach Morphology at the Three Beaches along the Karachi Coast, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8185
Author(s):  
Sumera Farooq ◽  
Nazia Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Season ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Sediment Characteristics ◽  
Sand Fraction ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Monsoon ◽  
Tide Level ◽  
West Monsoon

Sediment characteristics plays important role in the determination and functioning of coastal ecosystems. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the variability in sediment characteristics of the three beaches: Clifton, Sandspit and Buleji, at the Karachi coast. The samples were collected during pre-monsoon and south-west monsoon seasons to evaluate the seasonal differences. The sediments of the three sites showed variations in moisture content, organic matter and grain size. The highest mean moisture (27.17%) and organic contents (3.5 %) were recorded from the sediments of Clifton. The maximum fraction of sediments (> 80 %) consist of fine to very fine sand at all studied sites. The sediments of Clifton were high in very fine sand fraction and low in coarse sand fraction as compared to Sandspit and Buleji. The sediments of all the three studied sites are moderately sorted, negatively coarse-skewed and showed leptokurtic distribution. The studied beaches of Clifton, Sandspit and Buleji shows dissimilarity in sediment characteristics as indicated through Cluster and PCA analysis. The monsoonal influence on sediment characteristics was also observed at all the three studied beaches. The strong wave action during SW monsoon season results in the deposition of the coarser sediments at the high tide level thus increasing the steepness of the beaches.

Identification of suspected paleotsunami deposits study from Karapyak Beach, Pangandaran area, West Jawa, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswan Aswan ◽  
Yan Rizal
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Tsunami Deposit ◽  
Tsunami Deposits ◽  
Rock Fragments ◽  
Coarse Grains

Identifying and constraining palaeotsunami deposits can be a vital tool for establishing the periodicity of earthquakes and their associated tsunami events beyond the historical records. However, the deposits can be difficult to establish and date. In this study we used the characteristics of the 2006 Pangandaran tsunami deposit as a reference for identification of paleotsunami deposits in Karapyak Beach, Pangandaran area, West Java, Indonesia. Similar to the 2006 Pangandaran tsunami deposit, the Karapyak Beach paleotsunami deposit is characterized by light brown loose sand materials overlying a dark brown paleosoil layer with erosional contact. A thin layer that varies in thickness is locally found right above the erosional contact, with non-laminated coarser grain in the lower part that gradually change into medium to fine sand-sized in upper part. The base of the lower part is rich with broken mollusc shells and corals, and the mid-top of the lower part may contain several intact molusc shells and corals, rock fragments and anthropogenic products (rooftile). Those types of fragments are absent in the upper part of the thin layer. Grain size analysis shows a mixture of fine and coarse grains in the lower part of 2006 tsunami deposits as well as in the suspected paleotsunami deposits, suggesting uprush high energy flow during sedimentation. Fining upward sequence above mixed grain layers reflects waning flow or pre-backwash deposition. Foraminifera analysis also shows a mixture of shallow and deep marine foraminifera in the two deposits. Based on the characteristics of the 2006 tsunami deposits, there are at least four identified paleotsunami deposits at Karapyak Beach, Pangandaran area.

Compositional data analysis of sedimentological, mineralogical and geochemical data for the evaluation of Austrian loess and loess loam deposits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Reitner ◽  
Christian Benold ◽  
Peter Filzmoser ◽  
Maria Heinrich ◽  
Gerhard Hobiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Compositional Data Analysis ◽  
Rock Composition ◽  
Log Ratio

&lt;p&gt;Austrian loess and loess loam deposits represent an important source of raw materials for the heavy clay industry for centuries. Building material quality of loess and loess loam deposits and their suitability for different applications is significantly influenced by their heterogeneous properties. These depend on the geology of the source area, climatic conditions, geomorphological location, stratigraphic position, intensity of weathering and redeposition potential. The description of occurrences, properties and availability of these raw materials is therefore an important prerequisite to meet the industrial quality requirements. A large number of different sub-datasets exist at the Geological Survey of Austria, which comprise grain-size analysis, bulk rock composition, clay mineralogy, and geochemistry data of loess and loess loam. Within our project, these individual data sets underwent a thorough examination and have been merged into a coherent database to enable the joint regional and statistical analysis of the data. By applying a log-ratio approach the compositional nature of the analysis data has been taken into account for multivariate statistical methods.&amp;#160;&lt;br&gt;Within our study we focused on the classic Austrian loess regions in the Northern Alpine foreland areas of Upper and Lower Austria and in the Vienna Basin. By transferring the results of the statistical analysis to a Geographic Information System (GIS) these served as the fundamental basis for our categorization of the loess and loess loam occurrences. Taking into account previously published approaches based on soil profile classifications as well as trends and patterns derived from the analysis data, we finally were able to delineate different districts of brick raw materials deposits. These will be made publically accessible to the industry and interested parties as part of the web application of the Austrian Interactive Raw Material Information System IRIS-Online.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Colorectal polyp risk is linked to an elevated level of homocysteine

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manchun Sun ◽  
Manyi Sun ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Songli Shi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Colorectal Polyp ◽  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Significant Difference

Several studies have reported an association between levels of folate, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 and the risk of colorectal polyps. Here, our aim is to examine the possible effect of folate, homocysteine, and vitamin B12 levels on the risk of colorectal polyps by means of meta-analysis based quantitative synthesis. According to our inclusion/exclusion criteria, a total of 13 case–control studies were enrolled. The P-value of the association test, standard mean difference (SMD), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Pooled analysis data showed a negative correlation between the risk of colorectal polyps and the levels of serum folate, red blood cell (RBC) folate, or vitamin B12 (all P>0.05). Nevertheless, for homocysteine level, we also observed a statistically significant difference between cases and controls in the overall and subgroup analysis of hospital-based control (HB), population-based control (PB), Chinese, Caucasian, or Asian (all P<0.05, SMD > 0). We found that increased levels of homocysteine may be statistically and significantly related to the risk of colorectal polyps.

scholarly journals Evolution of sedimentation in the Vistula Lagoon of the Baltic Sea due to anthropogenic impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (33) ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Chechko
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Vistula Lagoon ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Vistula Lagoon

The work pursued basic objectives: to study the structure of the sedimentary strata, identify the sediment units corresponding to specific sedimentation stages of the late Holocene and evaluate the factors that influenced their formation in the Vistula Lagoon. For the achievement of the goals, well-known methods were used. The thickness of the silt deposits was measured by a hand drill. The grain size analysis of bottom sediments was determined by the mass content of particles of various sizes as a percentage of the test sample mass. The content of the total amount of organic matter in the bottom sediments and the mass loss during calcination was determined by the weight method, the determination of the mineral vivianite was carried out by standard methods accepted in geology. The Research results showed that in the lower part of the cores, organic-rich silts of olive shades are common, formed under the influence of river runoff. The sediment composition in the upper part of the cores is sharply different due to an anthropogenic factor – artificial river runoff regulation. Instead of silty sediments, the lagoon accumulated poorly consolidated, dark gray fine sand and siltstone sediments with small organic matter.

scholarly journals The Difference Plaque Index of Brushing Teeth A Combination to Grade Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Yessi Yuzar ◽  
Lisnayetti Lisnayetti ◽  
Nurul Amelia
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
T Test ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Objective Research ◽  
Quasi Experiment

Plaque is caused of the caries and periodontal deseases. Plaque can be cleaned up by mechanization that is brushing teeth. The data show that decline in behave right of brushing teeth from 6.2% in 2007 become 1.7% in 2013. Best on the kinds of the movement of tooth brusing, there are six methode. Every techniques of brushing teeth having a overbalance and shortage. The objective research is knowing the differences plaque index of brushing teeth a combination of techniques roll and horizontal with a combination techniques vertical and horizontal to grade IV – V students in SDN 08 Kubang Duo Koto Panjang. The methode research is quasi experiment with pretest and postest approach. Technique sampling is random sampling as many as 54 people. Data retrival through observation dan treatment. The analysis data statistic with T-Test showed the significant difference between plaque index of brushing teeth a combination of techniques roll and horizontal with a combination techniques vertical and horizontal with p value 0,03. A combination of techniques roll and horizontal is more effectivly lowering plaque. Suggestion for the students to apply tooth brushing a combination of techniques roll and horizontal routinely every day 2 times to prevent the oral deseases.

scholarly journals Studying the Level of Angiotensin II in Various Areas of Jordan with Different Altitudes

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Reema Kamal Haddad ◽  
Jehan Fayez Sweis ◽  
Dafer Haddadin ◽  
Ramzi Abdallah Aldalabih ◽  
Raya Mohammed Aladaileh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Included Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Altitudes

Background and objectives: angiotensin II is involved in the development of hypertension. The main objectives of the study were to measure and compare the levels of angiotensin II among normal population in various areas with different altitudes Methods: Study design: cross- sectional study was conducted to collect data from participants at the same time. Study setting: participants from various areas with different altitudes were recruited to participate in this study. A total of 1500 participants were included. Study procedure: data was collected from participants based on a questionnaire that was constructed for this study. Blood samples were withdrawn from participants by a well- trained nurse. Angiotensin II was measured using enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis: data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Data was represented as means, standard deviations, frequencies and percentage. The relationship between variables was tested using independent T-Test. The significance was considered at p value <0.05. Results: the level of angiotensin II was 8.84± 4.65 pg/ml in Dead Sea, 11.21± 6.05 pg/ml in Sea level, and 12.08± 5.19 pg/ml in Ajloun. There was a significant difference between the means of angiotensin II between Ajloun and Dead Sea (p=0.039). no other significant differences were observed between the study areas. Conclusion: the angiotensin II varies between the areas according to their altitudes and this consideration should be taken into account when hypertensive drugs are prescribed.

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