scholarly journals Antidepressant-like effects of P2 purinergic antagonist PPADS is dependent on serotonergic and noradrenergic integrity

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassiano R. A. F. Diniz ◽  
Murilo Rodrigues ◽  
Plínio C. Casarotto ◽  
Vítor S. Pereira ◽  
Carlos C. Crestani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Purinergic Signaling ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
P2x Receptor ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Purinergic P2x Receptors

AbstractDepression is a common mental disorder affecting around 350 million of individuals globally. The available antidepressant drug monotherapy is far from ideal since it has an efficiency of approximately 60% and takes around 3-4 week to achieve clinical improvement. Attention has been paid to the purinergic signaling regarding neuropathological mechanisms, since it might be involved in psychiatric disorders, such as depression. In fact, blockade of purinergic P2X receptors induces antidepressant-like effects in preclinical models. However, the mechanisms involved in this effect are not yet completely understood. The present work investigated the interplay between a P2X receptor antagonist (PPADS) and clinically used antidepressant drugs on the forced swimming test, an animal model predictive of antidepressant effect. We observed significant synergistic effect of PPADS combined with sub-effective doses of fluoxetine or reboxetine in the FST. Moreover, depletion of serotonergic or noradrenergic systems, with PCPA and DSP-4 treatment, respectively, blocked the antidepressant-like effect of PPADS. No increase in locomotion, a possible source of confusion on FST data, was detected in any of the treated groups. Our results indicate the antidepressant-like effect of PPADS depends on the integrity of serotonergic and noradrenergic transmission.

scholarly journals Secondary metabolismin in Annonaceae: potencial source of drugs

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (spe1) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Mariano Martínez-Vázquez ◽  
Rosa Estrada-Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Repeated Treatment ◽  
Dopaminergic Transmission ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Annona Cherimola ◽  
Swimming Test

Several species of Annona (Annonaceae) are used in traditional Mexican medicine by their anti-anxiety, anticonvulsant and tranquilizing properties. It has been reported that the alkaloids isolated from some species of the Annona have affinity to serotonergic 5-HT1A receptors and modulate dopaminergic transmission, which is involved in depressive disorders. In this review it is showed the results of the antidepressant-like effect of an alkaloid extract from the aerial parts of Annona cherimola (TA) in mice. The antidepressant-like effect was evaluated in the forced swimming test. To elucidate a possible mechanism of action, experiments of synergism with antidepressant drugs, such as imipramine (IMI), clomipramine (CLIMI), and fluoxetine (FLX), were carried out. The neurotransmitter content (DA: dopamine, 5HT: serotonin and its metabolites, HVA: homovanillic acid and 5HIAA:5-hydroxyindoleacetic) in the whole brain of mice were also determined by HPLC method. The results showed that repeated treatment with TA produced antidepressant-like effects in mice. This effect was not related to an increase in locomotor activity. Administration of TA facilitated the antidepressant effect of IMI and CLIMI as well as increased the turnover of DA and 5-HT. The alkaloids: 1,2-dimethoxy-5, 6.6 to 7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzoquinoline-3,8,9,10-tetraol, anonaine, liriodenine, and nornuciferine were the main constituents of TA.

The Effects of Traditional Tonics on Fatigue in Mice Differ from Those of the Antidepressant Imipramine: A Pharmacological and Behavioral Study

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Tadano ◽  
Osamu Nakagawasai ◽  
Fukie Niijima ◽  
Koichi Tan-No ◽  
Kensuke Kisara
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Behavioral Effect ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Duration Time ◽  
Antidepressant Imipramine ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Crude Drugs

The present studies were undertaken to investigate the differences between the antidepressant drug, imipramine, and liquid nutritive and tonic drugs (NTDs) that consist of Ginseng radix, Epimedii herba, Holen and an additional eight to twelve crude drugs. After preloading forced swimming, the NTD (applied orally, 0.1 ml/10 g) significantly increased the duration time of swimming and decreased the duration time of immobility, while the administration of imipramine (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, i.p.) under the same conditions and after the same treatment did not produce these positive effects. After pretreatment with 100 mg/kg tetrabenazine, the NTDs also elicited both the increased locomotor activity and the decreased duration time of immobility. The behavioral effect was similar to treatment with imipramine. The NTDs showed a long lasting effect on swimming behavior in the forced swimming test for 15 min, indicating a prolonged efficacy, not like the short effect of imipramine. The present results indicate that the effect of NTDs on fatigued subjects is different from that of imipramine, probably due to involvement of another factor in addition to the antidepressant effect.

scholarly journals ANTI-DEPRESSANT EFFECT OF CEFTRIAXONE IN FORCED SWIMMING TEST AND IN TAIL SUSPENSION TEST IN MICE

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajoy Borah ◽  
Binita Singha ◽  
Swopna Phukan
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Suspension Test

Objective: Depression is a major psychiatric disorder affecting nearly 350 million people worldwide and imposes a substantial health burden on the society. Ceftriaxone has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in animals. It has also undergone trials as a treatment option for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the antidepressant-like effect of ceftriaxone in mice.Methods: Ceftriaxone was administered at three different doses (0.130, 0.195 and 0.260g/kg) to Swiss albino mice of either sex by intra peritoneal (i. p.) route. The period of immobility in control and drug-treated mice were recorded in forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). The antidepressant effect of ceftriaxone indicated by the decrease in duration of immobility was compared to that of fluoxetine (0.020 g/kg, i. p.).Results: Ceftriaxone decreased the duration of immobility in mice. It showed a significant dose-dependent antidepressant effect. The antidepressant effect of 0.260g/kg of ceftriaxone was comparable to that of fluoxetine in the TST but not in the FST.Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate antidepressant activity of Ceftriaxone. The study shows that ceftriaxone has additional action on the central nervous system other than neuroprotection. Ceftriaxone therapy in cases of encephalomeningitis and in various cases of hemorrhages in the brain can, therefore, prevent the development of depression in future

scholarly journals Antidepressant-Like Activity of the Ethanolic Extract fromUncaria lanosaWallich var.appendiculataRidsd in the Forced Swimming Test and in the Tail Suspension Test in Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieh-Ching Hsu ◽  
Yu-Jen Ko ◽  
Hao-Yuan Cheng ◽  
Ching-Wen Chang ◽  
Yu-Chin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Mice Brain ◽  
Suspension Test

This study investigated the antidepressant activity of ethanolic extract ofU. lanosaWallich var.appendiculataRidsd (ULEtOH) for two-weeks administrations by using FST and TST on mice. In order to understand the probable mechanism of antidepressant-like activity of ULEtOHin FST and TST, the researchers measured the levels of monoamines and monoamine oxidase activities in mice brain, and combined the antidepressant drugs (fluoxetine, imipramine, maprotiline, clorgyline, bupropion and ketanserin). Lastly, the researchers analyzed the content of RHY in the ULEtOH. The results showed that ULEtOHexhibited antidepressant-like activity in FST and TST in mice. ULEtOHincreased the levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and hypothalamus, the levels of NE and MHPG in cortex and hippocampus, the level of NE in striatum, and the level of DOPAC in striatum. Two-week injection of IMI, CLO, FLU and KET enhanced the antidepressant-like activity of ULEtOH. ULEtOHinhibited the activity of MAO-A. The amount of RHY in ULEtOHwas 17.12 mg/g extract. Our findings support the view that ULEtOHexerts antidepressant-like activity. The antidepressant-like mechanism of ULEtOHmay be related to the increase in monoamines levels in the hippocampus, cortex, striatum, and hypothalamus of mice.

scholarly journals Antidepressant and Antiamnesic Potential of Foeniculum vulgare

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afshan Abbas ◽  
Rahila Ikram ◽  
Faiza Hasan ◽  
Abeer Adil ◽  
Uzair Nisar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Maze ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Group 2

Aim: To evaluate the antiamnesic and antidepressant effect of Foeniculum vulgare whole crushed seeds. Study Design: Laboratory based randomized control study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology, University of Karachi between January 2018 to August 2018.  Methodology: Thirty swiss albino mice and wistar rats were divided equally in three groups. Control group was fed on standard rodent diet, group 2 was fed on 2% Foeniculum vulgare diet and group 3 was given 4% Foeniculum vulgare diet. Antidepressant activity was assessed using forced swimming test. Memory enhancement effect was evaluated by stationary rod test, passive avoidance test and water maze test. Results: Increased duration of struggling time was noted in both group 2 and group 3 as compared to control in forced swimming test. Decrease in time to reach platform in both water maze and stationary rod test was recorded in both the study group (group 2 & 3). Increase in step through latency was also seen in group 2 and group 3 as compared to control group. Conclusion: The results showed the memory enhancing and antidepressant actions of Foeniculum.

scholarly journals In Vivo Antidepressant Effect of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa into Cationic Nanoparticles: Improving Bioactivity and Safety

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Jovelina Samara Ferreira Alves ◽  
Alaine Maria dos Santos Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Moreira da Silva ◽  
Pamella Rebeca Fernandes Tiago ◽  
Thais Gomes de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Eudragit E ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Cationic Nanoparticles

A variety of neuroactive flavonoids can be found in the species of the Passiflora genus; however, their difficulty in crossing the blood–brain barrier limits their in vivo neuropharmacological activity. In this study, cationic nanoparticles were developed as a novel nanocarrier for improving the antidepressant activity of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa leaf extract. Formulations obtained using Eudragit E PO polymethylmethacrylate copolymer, as polymeric matrix had their physicochemical properties investigated. The analytical content of the flavonoids vicenin-2, orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin was determined in the plant extract. Small-sized and spherical nanoparticles loaded with Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa were obtained with positive zeta potential and high encapsulation efficiency. In addition, the nanosystems were shown to be stable for at least 6 months. The antidepressant activity of P. edulis extract (50 and 100 mg/kg) as well as the extract-loaded nanoparticles (5 mg/kg) were investigated in mice using the forced swimming test, where the latter increased the potency of the former by 10-fold. In addition, histopathological and biochemical analysis confirmed the biocompatibility of the extract-loaded nanoparticles. This study demonstrated that the Eudragit cationic nanoparticles were able to improve the antidepressant activity of P. edulis in the central nervous system of mice.

The additive effects of quinine on antidepressant drugs in the forced swimming test in mice

1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Y. Guo ◽  
K. G. Todd ◽  
M. Bourin ◽  
M. Hascoet
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Swimming Test
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