scholarly journals Scale-free versus multi-scale: Statistical analysis of livestock mobility patterns across species

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuto Sakamoto ◽  
Lloyd Sanders ◽  
Nobu Inazumi
Keyword(s):  
Strong Support ◽  
Spatial Behavior ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Exponential Distributions ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Movement Trajectories ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Lévy Walk ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Levy Walk

ABSTRACTIn quantitative studies on animal movements and foraging, there has been ongoing debate over the relevance of Lévy walk and related stochastic models to understanding mobility patterns of diverse organisms. In this study, we collected and analyzed a large number of GPS logs that tracked the movements of different livestock species in northwestern Kenya. Statistically principled analysis has only found limited evidence for the scale-free movement patterns of the Lévy walk and its variants, even though most of the tracked movements clearly show super-diffusive behavior within the relevant temporal duration. Instead, the analysis has given strong support to composite exponential distributions (composite Brownian walks) as the best description of livestock movement trajectories in a wide array of parameter settings. Furthermore, this support has become overwhelming and near universal under an alternative criterion for model selection. These results illuminate the multi-scale and multi-modal nature of livestock spatial behavior. They also have broader theoretical and empirical implications for the related literature.

scholarly journals Lévy walk process in self-organization of pedestrian crowds

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (153) ◽  
pp. 20180939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Murakami ◽  
Claudio Feliciani ◽  
Katsuhiro Nishinari
Keyword(s):  
Self Organization ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Direct Path ◽  
Distributed Resources ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Lévy Walk ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Levy Walk ◽  
Movement Strategy ◽  
Lane Formation

Similar to other animal groups, human crowds exhibit various collective patterns that emerge from self-organization. Recent studies have emphasized that individuals anticipate their neighbours' motions to seek their paths in dynamical pedestrian flow. This path-seeking behaviour results in deviation of pedestrians from their desired directions (i.e. the direct path to their destination). However, the strategies that individuals adopt for the behaviour and how the deviation of individual movements impact the emergent organization are poorly understood. We here show that the path-seeking behaviour is performed through a scale-free movement strategy called a Lévy walk, which might facilitate transition to the group-level behaviour. In an experiment of lane formation, a striking example of self-organized patterning in human crowds, we observed how flows of oppositely moving pedestrians spontaneously separate into several unidirectional lanes. We found that before (but not after) lane formation, pedestrians deviate from the desired direction by Lévy walk process, which is considered optimal when searching unpredictably distributed resources. Pedestrians balance a trade-off between seeking their direct paths and reaching their goals as quickly as possible; they may achieve their optimal paths through Lévy walk process, facilitating the emergent lane formation.

Diffusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginestra Bianconi
Keyword(s):  
Random Walks ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Diffusion Constant ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Multilayer Networks ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
Lévy Walk ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Levy Walk ◽  
Speed Up

This chapter addresses diffusion, random walks and congestion in multilayer networks. Here it is revealed that diffusion on a multilayer network can be significantly speed up with respect to diffusion taking place on its single layers taken in isolation, and that sometimes it is possible also to observe super-diffusion. Diffusion is here characterized on multilayer network structures by studying the spectral properties of the supra-Laplacian and the dependence on the diffusion constant among different layers. Random walks and its variations including the Lévy Walk are shown to reflect the improved navigability of multilayer networks with more layers. These results are here compared with the results of traffic on multilayer networks that, on the contrary, point out that increasing the number of layers could be detrimental and could lead to congestion.

scholarly journals Amoebic Foraging Model of Metastatic Cancer Cells

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1140
Author(s):  
Daiki Andoh ◽  
Yukio-Pegio Gunji
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Gait Patterns ◽  
Lévy Walk ◽  
Levy Walk ◽  
Unicellular Organisms ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Walk Algorithm ◽  
Metastatic Cancer Cells

The Lévy walk is a pattern that is often seen in the movement of living organisms; it has both ballistic and random features and is a behavior that has been recognized in various animals and unicellular organisms, such as amoebae, in recent years. We proposed an amoeba locomotion model that implements Bayesian and inverse Bayesian inference as a Lévy walk algorithm that balances exploration and exploitation, and through a comparison with general random walks, we confirmed its effectiveness. While Bayesian inference is expressed only by P(h) = P(h|d), we introduce inverse Bayesian inference expressed as P(d|h) = P(d) in a symmetry fashion. That symmetry contributes to balancing contracting and expanding the probability space. Additionally, the conditions of various environments were set, and experimental results were obtained that corresponded to changes in gait patterns with respect to changes in the conditions of actual metastatic cancer cells.

scholarly journals Langevin dynamics for a Lévy walk with memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Chen ◽  
Xudong Wang ◽  
Weihua Deng
Keyword(s):  
Langevin Dynamics ◽  
Lévy Walk ◽  
Levy Walk ◽  
With Memory

scholarly journals Evidence of Levy walk foraging patterns in human hunter-gatherers

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 728-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Raichlen ◽  
B. M. Wood ◽  
A. D. Gordon ◽  
A. Z. P. Mabulla ◽  
F. W. Marlowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Foraging Patterns ◽  
Lévy Walk ◽  
Levy Walk

scholarly journals Simulations of Lévy walk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkat Abhignan ◽  
Sinduja Rajadurai
Keyword(s):  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Stable Distributions ◽  
Lévy Distribution ◽  
Lévy Walk ◽  
Lévy Walks ◽  
Levy Distribution ◽  
Levy Walk ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractWe simulate stable distributions to study the ideal movement pattern for the spread of a virus using autonomous carrier. We observe Lévy walks to be the most ideal way to spread and further study how the parameters in Lévy distribution affects the spread.

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