scholarly journals The Decay of Disease Association with Declining Linkage Disequilibrium: A Fine Mapping Theorem

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Maadooliat ◽  
Naveen K. Bansal ◽  
Jiblal Upadhya ◽  
Manzur R. Farazi ◽  
Zhan Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Linkage Disequilibrium ◽  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Disease Association ◽  
Simple Relationship ◽  
Locus System ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractSeveral important and fundamental aspects of disease genetics models have yet to be described. One such property is the relationship of disease association statistics at a marker site closely linked to a disease causing site. A complete description of this two-locus system is of particular importance to experimental efforts to fine map association signals for complex diseases. Here, we present a simple relationship between disease association statistics and the decline of linkage disequilibrium from a causal site. A complete derivation of this relationship from a general disease model is shown for very large sample sizes. Quite interestingly, this relationship holds across all modes of inheritance. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations using a disease genetics model applied to chromosomes subjected to a standard model of recombination are employed to better understand the variation around this fine mapping theorem due to sampling effects. We also use this relationship to provide a framework for estimating properties of a non-interrogated causal site using data at closely linked markers. We anticipate that understanding the patterns of disease association decay with declining linkage disequilibrium from a causal site will enable more powerful fine mapping methods.

scholarly journals Derivation and Performance of Standardized Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) Test Thresholds for the Detection and Prognosis of Liver Fibrosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Day ◽  
Preya Patel ◽  
Julie Parkes ◽  
William Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Delphi Panel ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Test Thresholds ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Introduction Noninvasive tests are increasingly used to assess liver fibrosis and determine prognosis but suggested test thresholds vary. We describe the selection of standardized thresholds for the Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) test for the detection of liver fibrosis and for prognostication in chronic liver disease. Methods A Delphi method was used to identify thresholds for the ELF test to predict histological liver fibrosis stages, including cirrhosis, using data derived from 921 patients in the EUROGOLF cohort. These thresholds were then used to determine the prognostic performance of ELF in a subset of 457 patients followed for a mean of 5 years. Results The Delphi panel selected sensitivity of 85% for the detection of fibrosis and >95% specificity for cirrhosis. The corresponding thresholds were 7.7, 9.8, and 11.3. Eighty-five percent of patients with mild or worse fibrosis had an ELF score ≥7.7. The sensitivity for cirrhosis of ELF ≥9.8 was 76%. ELF ≥11.3 was 97% specific for cirrhosis. ELF scores show a near-linear relationship with Ishak fibrosis stages. Relative to the <7.7 group, the hazard ratios for a liver-related outcome at 5 years were 21.00 (95% CI, 2.68–164.65) and 71.04 (95% CI, 9.4–536.7) in the 9.8 to <11.3 and ≥11.3 subgroups, respectively. Conclusion The selection of standard thresholds for detection and prognosis of liver fibrosis is described and their performance reported. These thresholds should prove useful in both interpreting and explaining test results and when considering the relationship of ELF score to Ishak stage in the context of monitoring.

scholarly journals Airline Financial Distress and Customer Satisfaction

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Ribbink ◽  
Christian Hofer ◽  
Martin Dresner
Keyword(s):  
Customer Service ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
The Third ◽  
Time Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

An investigation is conducted on the effect of financial distress on customer service levels in the U.S. airline industry. Using data from the first quarter of 1998 to the third quarter of 2006, we employ a seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) model to analyze the impact of financial distress on three measures of customer service. We find that higher financial distress is associated with better on-time performance of airlines and fewer lost bags. The relationship of airline financial distress to the number of bumped customers, however, is insignificant.

scholarly journals Hubungan Perilaku Perdagangan Investor Dengan Volume Perdagangan Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazali Syamni
Keyword(s):  
Trading Volume ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Order Pattern ◽  
Over Time

This paper examines the relationship of behavior trading investor using data detailed transaction history-corporate edition demand and order history in Indonesia Stock Exchange during period of March, April and May 2005. Peculiarly, behavior placing of investor order at trading volume. The result of this paper indicates that trading volume order pattern to have pattern U shape. The pattern happened that investors have strong desires to places order at the opening and close of compared to in trading periods. While the largest orders are of market at the opening indicates that investor is more conservatively when opening, where many orders when opening has not happened transaction to match. In placing order both of investor does similar strategy. By definition, informed investors’ orders more large than uninformed investors. If comparison of order examined hence both investors behavior relatively changes over time. But, statistically shows there is not ratio significant. This implies behavior trading of informed investors and uninformed investors stable relative over time. The result from regression analysis indicates that informed investors to correlate at trading volume in all time intervals, but not all uninformed investors correlates in every time interval. This imply investor order inform is more can explain trading volume pattern compared to uninformed investor order in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Finally, result of regression also finds that order status match has greater role determines trading volume pattern intraday especially informed buy match and informed sale match. While amend, open and withdraw unable to have role to determine intraday trading volume pattern.

scholarly journals Computationally replicating the Smith et al. (2015) positive-negative mode linking functional connectivity and subject measures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikhil Goyal ◽  
Dustin Moraczewski ◽  
Peter Bandettini ◽  
Emily S. Finn ◽  
Adam Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Functional Brain Activity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Landmark Study

AbstractUnderstanding brain functionality and predicting human behavior based on functional brain activity is a major goal of neuroscience. Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the relationship between functional brain activity and attention, subject characteristics, autism, psychiatric disorders, and more. By modeling brain activity data as networks, researchers can leverage the mathematical tools of graph and network theory to probe these relationships. In their landmark study, Smith et al. (2015) analyzed the relationship of young adult connectomes and subject measures, using data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Using canonical correlation analysis (CCA), Smith et al. found that there was a single prominent CCA mode which explained a statistically significant percentage of the observed variance in connectomes and subject measures. They also found a strong positive correlation of 0.87 between the primary CCA mode connectome and subject measure weights. In this study, we computationally replicate the findings of the original study in both the HCP 500 and HCP 1200 subject releases. The exact computational replication in the HCP 500 dataset was a success, validating our analysis pipeline for extension studies. The extended replication in the larger HCP 1200 dataset was partially successful and demonstrated a dominant primary mode.

Servant Leadership from Multiple Domains and Follower Work Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-292
Author(s):  
Mitchell Neubert ◽  
Cindy Wu ◽  
Kevin Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Work Behavior ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Managers and ministers exercise influence over their members inside and outside of their organizations. We examine the relationship of servant leadership from two contexts, an individual’s workplace and place of worship, with regulatory foci, and, in turn, entrepreneurial behavior and counterproductive work behavior (CWB) at work. Moreover, we contend that spiritual discipline (i.e., prayer and reading sacred texts) moderates the relationship of servant leadership to regulatory focus by altering the salience of each leader’s behavior. Using data collected in two waves from 912 working adults, we test the proposed relationships with multi-group structural equation modeling. Findings largely support the hypotheses and point toward important implications for servant leadership in both workplace and place of worship settings.

Monte Carlo Study of Dispersive Transport in Glassy Electrolytes

1994 ◽  
Vol 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Knödler ◽  
P. Pendzig ◽  
W. Dieterich
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Lattice Gas ◽  
Monte Carlo Study ◽  
Power Laws ◽  
Dispersive Transport ◽  
Coulombic Interactions ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Network Glasses

AbstractA lattice-gas model is presented, where ions are diffusing in an energy landscape due to immobile, randomly placed counterions. All Coulombic interactions are taken into account.By Monte Carlo simulations we obtain the ac-conductivity, which shows strong dispersion in the form of power-laws. In a separate study we investigate a restricted model, where long-range diffusion is suppressed. These calculations suggest that the response at high frequencies can be interpreted in terms of highly correlated, local motions of dipolar character. Conductivity exponents n1 near unity or even exceeding unity arefound in that regime. We discuss the relationship of these results to experiments on ionic transport in alkali-doped network glasses.

Cashless Payments and its Impact on Inflation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 524-532
Author(s):  
Pisi Bethania Titalessy
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Cash Transaction ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Payment with a non-cash system can simplify transactions and are increasingly used. The advantages of non-cash payments are not only due to convenience, speed up transaction time, and time savings but also the benefits that can reduce the circulation of money in the community. The less the amount of physical money in circulation, it will indirectly affect the inflation rate. However, there are inconsistency of research results regarding the relationship of non-cash transactions and inflation. These issues constitute a research gap on cashless payments and inflation in Indonesia. This study aims to prove the relationship between cashless payments and inflation in Indonesia. Using data from Central Bureau of Statistics Republic of Indonesia and Bank Indonesia over the period 2019-2020Q2, the results confirm that electronic money decrease inflation. The research approach in this study focuses on quantitative analysis using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The results of this study indicate that partially the relationship between debit card transactions and inflation has no significant effect. Credit card transactions have no significant effect on inflation, while electronic money transactions have a significant effect on inflation in Indonesia. Non-cash transactions intensified by Bank Indonesia through the cash-less society need to be considered more with the public's understanding of the use of non-cash transaction instruments so that the use of non-cash transactions in Indonesia is not only used for cash withdrawals but is used in every transaction.

scholarly journals Curriculum Integration: Opportunities to Maximize Assessment as, of, and for Learning

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-465
Author(s):  
Sheryl MacMath ◽  
John Wallace ◽  
Xiaohong Chi
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Curriculum Integration ◽  
Teacher Practice ◽  
Authentic Assessment ◽  
Middle School Student ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Curriculum integration, focusing on multidisciplinary tasks/projects relevant to the real-world, lends itself to authentic assessment practices. However, attempting to incorporate assessment of, for, and as learning can be challenging. Using data from two mixed method case studies (n=52, n=27) which tracked middle school student learning throughout separate integrated units, we analyzed the types of assessments used by teachers and the relationship of assessment to student learning. Results and implications for teacher practice are explored.

Effects of Intrafamilial Sexual Assault on Eating Behaviors

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy D. Bostwick Baldo ◽  
Scott D. Wallace ◽  
M. Sean O'Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Assaults ◽  
Disordered Eating Behaviors ◽  
Eating Problem ◽  
University Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Recent research has linked sexual assaults with disordered eating behaviors. Whether the relationship of the perpetrator, intrafamilial or extrafamilial, affects the development of disturbed eating is not known. Using data from 390 university women, we found that women with histories of intrafamilial assaults were more likely to suffer a serious eating problem (17 of 36 subjects, 47%) than women who had no history of sexual assault (30 of 142 subjects, 21%) and women who only reported extrafamilial assaults (76 of 212 subjects, 36%).

scholarly journals The effects of mothers’ education on the nutritional outcomes of their children in Nicaragua

SURG Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk Geale
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Nutritional Health ◽  
Outcomes For Children ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Height For Age

Using data from the 2001 Nicaragua Demographic and Health Survey, this paper examines the relationship of a child’s nutritional health outcomes relative to the completion of secondary education of their mother by measuring her child’s height-for-age and weight-for-height. This study focuses on Nicaragua in particular, in contrast to other literature surveying Latin America as a whole. The persistence of malnutrition amongst the population makes Nicaragua a candidate for research in this area, especially in face of educational reforms in the country approximately 10 years prior. In this study the control variables include paternal education, geographic location, socioeconomic status, birth order, and household size; combined to help attenuate the effects of maternal education. The analysis is subdivided to examine the relation of mothers’ education to health outcomes for children of each gender. It was found that maternal secondary education is significant for all scenarios with the exception of gender-separated weight-for-height, and that there is a stronger correlation between health outcomes for girls than for boys when examining maternal education.

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