scholarly journals Collinearity Analysis of Allotetraploid Gossypium Tomentosum and Gossypium Darwinii

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Zhong-li Zhou ◽  
Chun-ying Wang ◽  
Yu-hong Wang ◽  
Xiao-yan Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Structure ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Genome Research ◽  
Cotton Species ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps ◽  
Gossypium Tomentosum ◽  
Open The Doors ◽  
Allotetraploid Cotton

G. tomentosum and G. darwinii are wild allotetraploid cotton species, characterized with many excellent traits including finer fiber fineness, drought tolerance, Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt resistance. Based on construction of F2 linkage groups of G. hirsutum ?? G. tomentosum and G. hirsutum × G. darwinii, two genetic linkage maps were compared. As a result we found a total of 7 inversion fragments on chr02, chr05, chr08, chr12, chr14, chr16 and chr25, 3 translocation fragments on chr05, chr14 and chr26. Further comparing the inversion and translocation fragments, we noticed four of seven markers orientation of G. tomentosum consistent with G. hirsutum or G. raimondii, one of seven inversion markers orientation of G. darwinii consistent with G. hirsutum；meanwhile one of three translocation marker orientation of G. tomentosum consistent with G. raimondii. The result indicate，compare G. darwinii, G. tomentosum has closer genetic relationship to G. hirsutum. This study will play an important role in understanding the genome structure of G. tomentosum and G. darwinii, and open the doors for further in-depth genome research such as fine mapping, tagging genes of interest from wild relatives and evolutionary study.

Genetic Linkage Maps of the Guppy ( Poecilia reticulata ): Assignment of RAPD Markers to Multipoint Linkage Groups

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Khoo ◽  
Meng Huat Lim ◽  
Haridas Suresh ◽  
Damien K. Y. Gan ◽  
Kok Fang Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Multipoint Linkage ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps

Two genetic linkage maps of mungbean using RFLP and RAPD markers

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Lambrides ◽  
R. J. Lawn ◽  
I. D. Godwin ◽  
J. Manners ◽  
B. C. Imrie
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Segregation Distortion ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps ◽  
Map Distance

Two genetic linkage maps of mungbean derived from the cross Berken ACC 41 are reported. The F2 map constructed from 67 individuals consisted of 110 markers (52 RFLP and 56 RAPD) that grouped into 12 linkage groups. The linked markers spanned a total map distance of 758.3 cM. A recombinant inbred (RI) population derived from the 67 F2 individuals was used for the generation of an additional linkage map. The RI map, composed entirely of RAPD markers, consisted of 115 markers in 12 linkage groups. The linked markers spanned a total map distance of 691.7 cM. Using a framework set of RFLP markers, the F2 map was compared with another F2 mungbean map constructed in Minnesota. In general, the order of these markers was consistent between maps. Segregation distortion was observed for some markers. 14.5% (16/110) of mapped F2 markers and 24% (28/115) of mapped RI markers segregated with distorted ratios. Segregation distortion occurred in each successive generation after the F2 . The regions of distortion identified in the Australian maps did not coincide with regions of the Minnesota map.

scholarly journals Low recombination rates in sexual species and sex–asex transitions

2017 ◽  
Vol 372 (1736) ◽  
pp. 20160461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph R. Haag ◽  
Loukas Theodosiou ◽  
Roula Zahab ◽  
Thomas Lenormand
Keyword(s):  
Model Systems ◽  
Rate Variation ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Recombination Rates ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps ◽  
Chromosome Maps ◽  
Recombination Rate Variation

In most sexual, diploid eukaryotes, at least one crossover occurs between each pair of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, presumably in order to ensure proper segregation. Well-known exceptions to this rule are species in which one sex does not recombine and specific chromosomes lacking crossover. We review other possible exceptions, including species with chromosome maps of less than 50 cM in one or both sexes. We discuss the idea that low recombination rates may favour sex–asex transitions, or, alternatively may be a consequence of it. We then show that a yet undescribed species of brine shrimp Artemia from Kazakhstan ( A . sp. Kazakhstan), the closest known relative of the asexual Artemia parthenogenetica , has one of the shortest genetic linkage maps known. Based on a family of 42 individuals and 589 RAD markers, we find that many linkage groups are considerably shorter than 50 cM, suggesting either no obligate crossover or crossovers concentrated at terminal positions with little effect on recombination. We contrast these findings with the published map of the more distantly related sexual congener, A. franciscana , and conclude that the study of recombination in non-model systems is important to understand the evolutionary causes and consequences of recombination. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Evolutionary causes and consequences of recombination rate variation in sexual organisms’.

scholarly journals Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-based Genetic Linkage Maps of Three Apple Cultivars

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Conner ◽  
Susan K. Brown ◽  
Norman F. Weeden
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Scab Resistance ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Single Linkage ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps ◽  
Using Data

Genetic linkage maps were created for three apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) cultivars using data from two progenies (`Wijcik McIntosh' xNY 75441-67 and `Wijcik McIntosh' xNY 75441-58). The maps consist primarily of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, but also contain six isozyme loci and four morphological markers (Rf, fruit skin color; Vf, scab resistance; Co, columnar growth habit; Ma, malic acid). Maps were constructed using a double pseudotestcross mapping format and JoinMap mapping software. An integrated `Wijcik McIntosh' map was produced by combining marker data from both progenies into a single linkage map. Homologous linkage groups from paternal maps were paired with their counterparts in the `Wijcik McIntosh' map using locus bridges composed of markers heterozygous in both parents of a progeny. The `Wijcik McIntosh' map consists of 238 markers arranged in 19 linkage groups spanning 1206 cM. The NY 75441-67 map contains 110 markers in 16 linkage groups and the NY 75441-58 map consists of 183 markers in 18 linkage groups. The average distance between markers in the maps was ≈5.0 cM.

Targetting microsatellites (SSRs) in genetic linkage maps of bread wheat

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Hayden ◽  
S. Khatkar ◽  
P. J. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Intraspecific Polymorphism ◽  
Chromosomal Origin ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Simple Sequence

The construction of genetic linkage maps from intraspecific crosses of bread wheat is slow and difficult due to very limited levels of polymorphism, which hinder the assignment of linkage groups to chromosomes and leave large genomic regions without markers. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) reveal a higher incidence of polymorphism and are more informative than any other DNA marker, and are therefore considered a marker of choice for self-pollinating crops with little intraspecific polymorphism. However, the availability of SSRs in bread wheat is still limited. In this study, selectively amplified microsatellite (SAM) analysis was used to develop informative SSR markers to assist in the construction of an intraspecific wheat map. Three markers were developed for under-represented regions in the genetic map, and 7 for unassigned linkage groups. The latter SSRs permitted the chromosomal origin of 4 unassigned linkage groups to be determined. These results demonstrate the utility of SAM analysis for the targetted development of informative SSR markers to genomic regions of interest, and assignment of linkage groups to chromosomes. Furthermore, SAM analysis facilitates the development of markers for relatively short (<11) dinucleotide repeat sequences, a class of SSRs generally inaccessible to traditional hybridisation-based methods used to develop these markers.

scholarly journals Genetic linkage maps of Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla using a pseudo-testcross: mapping strategy and RAPD markers.

Genetics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Grattapaglia ◽  
R Sederoff
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Mapping Strategy ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps

Abstract We have used a "two-way pseudo-testcross" mapping strategy in combination with the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay to construct two moderate density genetic linkage maps for species of Eucalyptus. In the cross between two heterozygous individuals many single-dose RAPD markers will be heterozygous in one parent, null in the other and therefore segregate 1:1 in their F1 progeny following a testcross configuration. Meiosis and gametic segregation in each individual can be directly and efficiently analyzed using RAPD markers. We screened 305 primers of arbitrary sequence, and selected 151 to amplify a total of 558 markers. These markers were grouped at LOD 5.0, theta = 0.25, resulting in the maternal Eucalyptus grandis map having a total of 240 markers into 14 linkage groups (1552 cM) and the paternal Eucalyptus urophylla map with 251 markers in 11 linkage groups (1101 cM) (n = 11 in Eucalyptus). Framework maps ordered with a likelihood support &gt; or = 1000:1 were assembled covering 95% of the estimated genome size in both individuals. Characterization of genome complexity of a sample of 48 mapped random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers indicate that 53% amplify from low copy regions. These are the first reported high coverage linkage maps for any species of Eucalyptus and among the first for any hardwood tree species. We propose the combined use of RAPD markers and the pseudo-testcross configuration as a general strategy for the construction of single individual genetic linkage maps in outbred forest trees as well as in any highly heterozygous sexually reproducing living organisms. A survey of the occurrence of RAPD markers in different individuals suggests that the pseudo-testcross/RAPD mapping strategy should also be efficient at the intraspecific level and increasingly so with crosses of genetically divergent individuals. The ability to quickly construct single-tree genetic linkage maps in any forest species opens the way for a shift from the paradigm of a species index map to the heterodox proposal of constructing several maps for individual trees of a population, therefore mitigating the problem of linkage equilibrium between marker and trait loci for the application of marker assisted strategies in tree breeding.

Integration of the Cytogenetic and Genetic Linkage Maps of Brassica oleracea

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 161 (3) ◽  
pp. 1225-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine C Howell ◽  
Guy C Barker ◽  
Gareth H Jones ◽  
Michael J Kearsey ◽  
Graham J King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Opposite Orientation ◽  
Cytogenetic Map ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps

Abstract We have assigned all nine linkage groups of a Brassica oleracea genetic map to each of the nine chromosomes of the karyotype derived from mitotic metaphase spreads of the B. oleracea var. alboglabra line A12DHd using FISH. The majority of probes were BACs, with A12DHd DNA inserts, which give clear, reliable FISH signals. We have added nine markers to the existing integrated linkage map, distributed over six linkage groups. BACs were definitively assigned to linkage map positions through development of locus-specific PCR assays. Integration of the cytogenetic and genetic linkage maps was achieved with 22 probes representing 19 loci. Four chromosomes (2, 4, 7, and 9) are in the same orientation as their respective linkage groups (O4, O7, O8, and O6) whereas four chromosomes (1, 3, 5, and 8) and linkage groups (O3, O9, O2, and O1) are in the opposite orientation. The remaining chromosome (6) is probably in the opposite orientation. The cytogenetic map is an important resource for locating probes with unknown genetic map positions and is also being used to analyze the relationships between genetic and cytogenetic maps.

Genetic linkage maps of the ground crickets Allonemobius fasciatus and Allonemobius socius using RAPD and allozyme markers

Genome ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 841-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiming Chu ◽  
Daniel J Howard
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Zone ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps ◽  
Allonemobius Fasciatus ◽  
Allonemobius Socius

The ground crickets, Allonemobius fasciatus and A. socius are sister species and form a mosaic hybrid zone in the eastern United States. In this study, we developed RAPD markers and constructed genetic linkage maps for the two species, as a first step toward mapping quantitative trait loci that control conspecific sperm precedence. The A. fasciatus map consists of 25 markers mapped to 8 linkage groups, spanning 400.1 contiguous centiMorgans (cM). The average distance between two framework markers is 23.5 cM. The A. socius map consists of 20 markers mapped to 6 linkage groups, spanning 400.5 contiguous cM. The average distance between two framework markers is 30.4 cM. A sex chromosome was identified in the A. socius map. These are the first reported genetic linkage maps for Orthoptera.Key words: Allonemobius, allozyme, cricket, hybrid zone, linkage maps, RAPD.

scholarly journals Genetic maps of Saccharum officinarum L. and Saccharum robustum Brandes & Jew. ex grassl

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia T. Guimarães ◽  
Rhonda J. Honeycutt ◽  
Gavin R. Sills ◽  
Bruno W.S. Sobral
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Breeding Ecology ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps ◽  
Arbitrarily Primed Pcr ◽  
Saccharum Robustum

Genetic analysis was performed in a population composed of 100 F1 individuals derived from a cross between a cultivated sugarcane (S. officinarum `LA Purple') and its proposed progenitor species (S. robustum `Mol 5829'). Various types (arbitrarily primed-PCR, RFLPs, and AFLPs) of single-dose DNA markers (SDMs) were used to construct genetic linkage maps for both species. The LA Purple map was composed of 341 SDMs, spanning 74 linkage groups and 1,881 cM, while the Mol 5829 map contained 301 SDMs, spanning 65 linkage groups and 1,189 cM. Transmission genetics in these two species showed incomplete polysomy based on the detection of 15% of SDMs linked in repulsion in LA Purple and 13% of these in Mol 5829. Because of this incomplete polysomy, multiple-dose markers could not be mapped for lack of a genetic model for their segregation. Due to inclusion of RFLP anchor probes, conserved in related species, the resulting maps will serve as useful tools for breeding, ecology, evolution, and molecular biology studies within the Andropogoneae.

scholarly journals Genetic linkage maps of 'Pêra' sweet orange and 'Cravo' mandarin with RAPD markers

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Pedroso de Oliveira ◽  
Mariângela Cristofani ◽  
Marcos Antônio Machado
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Segregation Distortion ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps

The objective of this work was to construct linkage maps of 'Pêra' sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] and 'Cravo' mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) using RAPD markers and the pseudo-testcross strategy. The parents were chosen according to the resistance/susceptibility to citrus variegate chlorosis (CVC). The segregation of 176 markers was analyzed in 94 progeny of F1 hybrids, which were obtained from controlled crossings. The linkage map of 'Pêra' sweet orange had 117 markers defined by 12 linkage groups, which spanned 612.1 cM. Only six markers could not be linked to the linkage group and 48.7% of the markers showed segregation distortion. The linkage map of 'Cravo' mandarin had 51 markers defined by 12 linkage groups, which spanned 353.3 cM. Only two markers did not link to the groups and 15.7% showed segregation distortion. The construction of linkage maps is relevant to future mapping studies of the inheritance of CVC, citrus canker and leprosis.

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