scholarly journals Evaluation of p53 Immunohistochemical Expression Using Open-Source Software for Digital Image Analysis: A Tissue Microarray Study of Penile Squamous Cell Carcinomas

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alcides Chaux ◽  
George J Netto ◽  
Authur L Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Digital Analysis ◽  
Visual Estimation ◽  
Immunohistochemical Expression ◽  
Software Packages

The addition of molecular biomarkers is needed to increase the accuracy of pathologic factors as prognosticators of outcome in penile squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Evaluation of these biomarkers is usually carried out by immunohistochemistry. Herein we assess p53 immunohistochemical expression on tissue samples of penile SCC using freely-available, open-source software packages for digital image analysis. We also compared the results of digital analysis with standard visual estimation. Percentages of p53 positive cells were higher by visual estimation than by digital analysis. However, correlation was high between both methods. Our study shows that evaluation of p53 immunohistochemical expression is feasible using open-source software packages for digital image analysis. Although our analysis was limited to penile SCC, the rationale should also hold for other tumor types in which evaluation of p53 immunohistochemical expression is required. This approach would reduce interobserver variability, and would provide a standardized method for reporting the results of immunohistochemical stains. As these diagnostic tools are freely-available online, researchers and practicing pathologists could incorporate them in their daily practice without increasing diagnostic costs.

Evaluation of Key Methodology for Digital Image Analysis of Turfgrass Color Using Open-Source Software

Crop Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 550-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxi Zhang ◽  
Garland D. Pinnix ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Grady L. Miller ◽  
Thomas W. Rufty
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis

Comparison of Manual and Digital Assessment of KI-67 in Neuroendocrine Tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S125-S125
Author(s):  
B S Raju ◽  
M Quinton ◽  
L Hassell
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
World Health ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Digital Analysis ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Digital Assessment

Abstract Introduction/Objective Proliferative activity is an essential prognostic and treatment indicator for neuroendocrine tumors (NET). Ki-67 proliferation index, if reported by unaided microscopic estimation on hot-spot locations could lead to variability and inconsistencies. This study aims to compare the Ki-67 assessment of NETs by visual estimation versus automated digital image analysis (Roche iCoreo/Virtuoso). Methods 212 patients with Ki-67-graded GI NETs (117 G1; 61 G2; 34 G3) from 2010 to 2019 were reassessed using digital image analysis quantification of hot spot areas of at least 500 cells (average 800 cells). Revised tumor grades were assigned according to the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society guidelines and the 2010 World Health Organization classification and compared to initially reported grade. Results We found 75% concordance for G1, with 22% of cases upgraded to G2 and 3% of cases upgraded to G3. For G2, there was 70.5% agreement, with 13.1% of cases downgraded to G1 and 16.4% upgraded to G3. For G3, there was 100% agreement, (kappa=0.64, overall). Retrospective review of discordant G3 cases revealed cases with known metastasis, small fragments of tissue, or polyps. Scanning and scoring required approximately 10 minutes per case. Conclusion Our data shows the time/effort difference of visually estimating versus automated digital analysis may lead to significant classification errors in these tumors. Although digital analysis has limitations, including tumor heterogeneity, misidentification of tumor cells, and poor immunostaining which could require manual counting by a pathologist, this rigor should be reinforced and explicitly stated to increase accuracy and reproducibility of grading.

Quantitative Analysis of Historic Mortars by Digital Image Analysis of Thin Sections

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Middendorf ◽  
Tim Schade ◽  
Karin Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Open Source Program ◽  
Source Program ◽  
Historic Mortar

Abstract In restoration work, the compatibility between old and new building material is the key point for sustainable repair of buildings or monuments. Consequently, conservation scientists are looking for an alternative method to the traditional procedures to determine the aggregate grading curve and the binder/aggregate-ratio of the historic material. The problem of using the traditional methods is the frequent major intervention in an existing building. These destructive methods are not allowed. Whereas, to get information about the historic mortar, a new technique, the digital image analysis (DIA), is applied in this paper. Moreover, small amounts of the historic material have already been prepared as thin sections and analysed with a microscope. Modern microscopy techniques allow investigations of quantitative and qualitative composition of historic material. Incentive of this work was to get all the required information to recreate the historic mortar by using the DIA with an open source program only at one thin section. In addition, to examine the accuracy and the significance of the DIA, all results were compared with a known mixture, and in a second test series, the results of the DIA were compared with the traditional methods. The results show that the DIA of thin sections of a historic mortar is highly effective for analysing decisive factors like the binder/aggregate-ratio and the grading curve of the aggregates. Furthermore, it is possible to analyse the mortar only by having one thin section using an open source program ImageJ. Especially in the case of carbonate rock as aggregate, DIA is the only method to analyse these characteristics of a mortar.

Ground cover in temperate native perennial grass pastures. I. A comparison of four estimation methods

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Murphy ◽  
G. M. Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Visual Estimation ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Point Quadrat

Studies were conducted to compare visual estimates of ground cover and canopy cover by both inexperienced and experienced observers and to compare those estimates with those from more objective methods in native pastures in the high rainfall, temperate rangelands of northern NSW. Ground cover and canopy cover of 60 quadrats was estimated using visual, mapped area, digital image analysis and photo point quadrat methods. Inexperienced observers were trained by estimating ground cover of reference quadrats. Differences between mean visual estimates of ground cover and canopy cover for experienced and inexperienced observers were not significant (P>0.05). Mean ground cover estimates by the mapped area, digital image analysis and point quadrat methods were also not different from each other. The overall relationship between mean visual estimate and mean objective estimate of ground cover was non-linear (second order polynomial, R2 = 0.93), observers tending to underestimate in the mid-range (20 to 80%) of cover compared with objective methods. Mean visual estimate of ground cover was 73.7% compared with the mean objective estimate of 83.7%. Visual estimates of canopy cover (mean 34.6%) were highly correlated (R2 = 0.90) with those of the mapped area method (mean 34.3%) and the relationship was linear. Measurement of ground cover is a standard technique used in many pasture ecology and management studies and is increasingly being used by land managers to monitor pasture production and sustainability. Inexperienced observers were trained quickly and easily to estimate ground cover and canopy cover with sufficient accuracy to identify ranges of cover using visual estimation, indicating that the visual estimation technique should be suitable for estimating ground cover in land management research.

scholarly journals Estimation of PM10 Levels and Sources in Air Quality Networks by Digital Analysis of Smartphone Camera Images Taken from Samples Deposited on Filters

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 4791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selena Carretero-Peña ◽  
Lorenzo Calvo Blázquez ◽  
Eduardo Pinilla-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
Aerosol Sampling ◽  
Digital Analysis

This paper explores the performance of smartphone cameras as low-cost and easily accessible tools to provide information about the levels and origin of particulate matter (PM) in ambient air. We tested the concept by digital analysis of the images of daily PM10 (particles with diameters 10 µm and smaller) samples captured on glass fibre filters by high-volume aerosol samplers at urban and rural locations belonging to the air quality monitoring network of Extremadura (Spain) for one year. The images were taken by placing the filters inside a box designed to maintain controlled and reproducible light conditions. Digital image analysis was carried out by a mobile colour-sensing application using red, green, blue/hue, saturation, value/hue, saturation, luminance (RGB/HSV/HSL) parameters, that were processed through statistical procedures, directly or transformed to greyscale. The results of the study show that digital image analysis of the filters can roughly estimate the concentration of PM10 within an air quality network, based on a significant linear correlation between the concentration of PM10 measured by an official gravimetric method and the colour parameters of the filters’ images, with better results in the case of the saturation parameter (SHSV). The methodology based on digital analysis can discriminate urban and rural sampling locations affected by different local particle-emitting sources and is also able to identify the presence of remote sources such as Saharan dust outbreaks in both urban and rural locations. The proposed methodology can be considered as a useful complement to the aerosol sampling equipment of air quality network field units for a quick estimation of PM10 in the ambient air, through a simple, accessible and low-cost procedure, with further miniaturization potential.

Morphometric analysis of cellular interactions with the endothelium during the development of arterial lesions using Scanning Electron Microscopy and digital image analysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 918-919
Author(s):  
M.E. Rosenfeld ◽  
C. Karboski ◽  
M.F. Prescott ◽  
P. Goodwin ◽  
R. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Digital Analysis ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Arterial Lesions ◽  
Scanning Electron

Previous research documenting the chronology of the cellular interactions that occur on or below the surface of the endothelium during the initiation and progression of arterial lesions, primarily consisted of descriptive studies. The recent development of lower cost image analysis hardware and software has facilitated the collection of high resolution quantitative data from microscopic images. In this report we present preliminary quantitative data on the sequence of cellular interactions that occur on the endothelium during the initiation of atherosclerosis or vasculitis utilizing digital analysis of images obtained directly from the scanning electron microscope. Segments of both atherosclerotic and normal arteries were obtained from either diet-induced or endogenously (WHHL) hypercholesterolemic rabbits following 1-4 months duration of hypercholesterolemia and age matched control rabbits. Vasculitis was induced in rats following placement of an endotoxin soaked thread adjacent to the adventitial surface of arteries.

Digital Image Analysis of the Larynx

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
Yaser Natour ◽  
Christine Sapienza ◽  
Mark Schmalz ◽  
Savita Collins
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Image Analysis
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