scholarly journals Acute and chronic gregarisation are associated with distinct DNA methylation fingerprints in desert locusts

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eamonn B. Mallon ◽  
Harindra E. Amarasinghe ◽  
Swidbert R. Ott
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Dramatic Form ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Intermediate States ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Phase Polyphenism

AbstractDesert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria) show a dramatic form of socially induced phenotypic plasticity known as phase polyphenism. In the absence of conspecifics, locusts occur in a shy and cryptic solitarious phase. Crowding with conspecifics drives a behavioural transformation towards gregariousness that occurs within hours and is followed by changes in physiology, colouration and morphology, resulting in the full gregarious phase syndrome. We analysed methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphisms (MS-AFLP) to compare the effect of acute and chronic crowding on DNA methylation in the central nervous system. We find that crowd-reared and solitary-reared locusts show markedly different neural MS-AFLP fingerprints. However, crowding for a day resulted in neural MS-AFLP fingerprints that were clearly distinct from both crowd-reared and uncrowded solitary-reared locusts. Our results indicate that changes in DNA methylation associated with behavioural gregarisation proceed through intermediate states that are not simply partial realisations of the endpoint states.

scholarly journals Array-based DNA methylation profiling of primary lymphomas of the central nervous system

BMC Cancer ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Richter ◽  
Ole Ammerpohl ◽  
José I Martín-Subero ◽  
Manuel Montesinos-Rongen ◽  
Marina Bibikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Dna Methylation Profiling ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Methylation Profiling

scholarly journals A novel SMARCA2-CREM fusion: expanding the molecular spectrum of intracranial mesenchymal tumors beyond the FET genes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnault Tauziède-Espariat ◽  
Gaëlle Pierron ◽  
Delphine Guillemot ◽  
Philipp Sievers ◽  
Dominique Cazals-Hatem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Clear Cell Sarcoma ◽  
World Health ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Cell Sarcoma ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractA novel histomolecular tumor of the central nervous system, the “intracranial mesenchymal tumor (IMT), FET-CREB fusion-positive” has recently been identified in the literature and will be added to the 2021 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System. However, our latest study using DNA-methylation analyses has revealed that intracranial FET-CREB fused tumors do not represent a single molecular tumor entity. Among them, the main subgroup presented classical features of angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma, having ultrastructural features of arachnoidal cells, for. Another tumor type with clear cell component and histopathological signs of aggressivity clustered in close vicinity with clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue. Herein, we report one case of IMT with a novel SMARCA2-CREM fusion which has until now never been described in soft tissue or the central nervous system. We compare its clinical, histopathological, immunophenotypic, genetic and epigenetic features with those previously described in IMT, FET-CREB fusion-positive. Interestingly, the current case did not cluster with IMT, FET-CREB fusion-positive but rather presented histopathological (clear cell morphology with signs of malignancy), clinical (with a dismal course with several recurrences, metastases and finally the patient’s death), genetic (fusion implicating the CREM gene), and epigenetic (DNA-methylation profiling) similarities with our previously reported clear cell sarcoma-like tumor of the central nervous system. Our results added data suggesting that different clinical and histomolecular tumor subtypes or grades seem to be included within the terminology “IMT, FET-CREB fusion-positive”, and that further series of cases are needed to better characterize them.

scholarly journals Respiration in the Desert Locust

1960 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Thoracic Ganglion ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Maximum Volume ◽  
Metathoracic Ganglion ◽  
The Central Nervous System

1. Normal (dorso-ventral) and three auxiliary ventilating mechanisms (neck, prothoracic and abdominal longitudinal) are described in the non-flying Schistocerca gregaria. 2. Neck and prothoracic ventilation together contribute 14% of the maximum volume of air pumped by the insect. Head ganglion receptors must be stimulated for these forms to appear. 3. The metathoracic ganglion may contain a pacemaker controlling the frequency and amplitude of all forms of ventilation. Each head and thoracic ganglion contains carbon-dioxide receptors which modify the activity of the pacemaker. There is no control from the abdomen in the intact insect, or from receptors outside the central nervous system. 4. Oscilloscope recordings from the isolated central nervous system demonstrate a rhythm, which is modified and possibly initiated by carbon dioxide. 5. It is suggested that carbon dioxide normally provides a more important ventilatory stimulus than oxygen lack.

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