scholarly journals Antimicrobial peptides play a functional role in bumblebee anti-trypanosome defense

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soni Deshwal ◽  
Eamonn Mallon
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Ecological Immunology ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
Immune Gene Expression ◽  
Crithidia Bombi ◽  
First Time

Bumblebees, amongst the most important of pollinators, are under enormous population pressures. One of these is disease. The bumblebee and its gut trypanosome Crithidia bombi are one of the fundamental models of ecological immunology. Although there is previous evidence of increased immune gene expression upon Crithidia infection, recent work has focussed on the bumblebee's gut microbiota. Here, by knocking down gene expression using RNAi, we show for the first time that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have a functional role in anti-Crithidia defense.

scholarly journals The Oct1 homolog Nubbin is a repressor of NF-κB-dependent immune gene expression that increases the tolerance to gut microbiota

BMC Biology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widad Dantoft ◽  
Monica M Davis ◽  
Jessica M Lindvall ◽  
Xiongzhuo Tang ◽  
Hanna Uvell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Immune Gene Expression

scholarly journals Changes in the Composition of the Gut Microbiota and the Blood Transcriptome in Preterm Infants at Less than 29 Weeks Gestation Diagnosed with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

mSystems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feargal J. Ryan ◽  
Damian P. Drew ◽  
Chloe Douglas ◽  
Lex E. X. Leong ◽  
Max Moldovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Immune Gene Expression ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

ABSTRACT Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic lung condition in preterm infants that results in abnormal lung development and leads to considerable morbidity and mortality, making BPD one of the most common complications of preterm birth. We employed RNA sequencing and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to profile gene expression in blood and the composition of the fecal microbiota in infants born at <29 weeks gestational age and diagnosed with BPD in comparison to those of preterm infants that were not diagnosed with BPD. 16S rRNA gene sequencing, performed longitudinally on 255 fecal samples collected from 50 infants in the first months of life, identified significant differences in the relative levels of abundance of Klebsiella, Salmonella, Escherichia/Shigella, and Bifidobacterium in the BPD infants in a manner that was birth mode dependent. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis revealed that more than 400 genes were upregulated in infants with BPD. Genes upregulated in BPD infants were significantly enriched for functions related to red blood cell development and oxygen transport, while several immune-related pathways were downregulated. We also identified a gene expression signature consistent with an enrichment of immunosuppressive CD71+ early erythroid cells in infants with BPD. Intriguingly, genes that were correlated in their expression with the relative abundances of specific taxa in the microbiota were significantly enriched for roles in the immune system, suggesting that changes in the microbiota might influence immune gene expression systemically. IMPORTANCE Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a serious inflammatory condition of the lung and is the most common complication associated with preterm birth. A large body of evidence now suggests that the gut microbiota can influence immunity and inflammation systemically; however, the role of the gut microbiota in BPD has not been evaluated to date. Here, we report that there are significant differences in the gut microbiota of infants born at <29 weeks gestation and subsequently diagnosed with BPD, which are particularly pronounced when infants are stratified by birth mode. We also show that erythroid and immune gene expression levels are significantly altered in BPD infants. Interestingly, we identified an association between the composition of the microbiota and immune gene expression in blood in early life. Together, these findings suggest that the composition of the microbiota may influence the risk of developing BPD and, more generally, may shape systemic immune gene expression.

Impact of cinnamaldehyde on innate immunity and immune gene expression in Channa striatus against Aphanomyces invadans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramasamy Harikrishnan ◽  
Gunapathy Devi ◽  
Chellam Balasundaram ◽  
Hien Van Doan ◽  
Sanchai Jaturasitha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Channa Striatus ◽  
Immune Gene Expression

scholarly journals Cell-autonomous immune gene expression is repressed in pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and small cell lung cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Cai ◽  
Hongyu Liu ◽  
Fang Huang ◽  
Junya Fujimoto ◽  
Luc Girard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Immune Gene ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Immune Gene Expression ◽  
Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells

AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is classified as a high-grade neuroendocrine (NE) tumor, but a subset of SCLC has been termed “variant” due to the loss of NE characteristics. In this study, we computed NE scores for patient-derived SCLC cell lines and xenografts, as well as human tumors. We aligned NE properties with transcription factor-defined molecular subtypes. Then we investigated the different immune phenotypes associated with high and low NE scores. We found repression of immune response genes as a shared feature between classic SCLC and pulmonary neuroendocrine cells of the healthy lung. With loss of NE fate, variant SCLC tumors regain cell-autonomous immune gene expression and exhibit higher tumor-immune interactions. Pan-cancer analysis revealed this NE lineage-specific immune phenotype in other cancers. Additionally, we observed MHC I re-expression in SCLC upon development of chemoresistance. These findings may help guide the design of treatment regimens in SCLC.

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