scholarly journals Visualizing Vertebrate Embryos with Episcopic 3D Imaging Techniques

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1423-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan H. Geyer ◽  
Timothy J. Mohun ◽  
Wolfgang J. Weninger
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Models ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Vertebrate Embryos ◽  
Technical Principles

The creation of highly detailed, three-dimensional (3D) computer models is essential in order to understand the evolution and development of vertebrate embryos, and the pathogenesis of hereditary diseases. A still-increasing number of methods allow for generating digital volume data sets as the basis of virtual 3D computer models. This work aims to provide a brief overview about modern volume data–generation techniques, focusing on episcopic 3D imaging methods. The technical principles, advantages, and problems of episcopic 3D imaging are described. The strengths and weaknesses in its ability to visualize embryo anatomy and labeled gene product patterns, specifically, are discussed.

scholarly journals Current Applications, Opportunities, and Limitations of AI for 3D Imaging in Dental Research and Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4424
Author(s):  
Kuofeng Hung ◽  
Andy Wai Kan Yeung ◽  
Ray Tanaka ◽  
Michael M. Bornstein
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Planning ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Automated Diagnosis ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Facial Scanning

The increasing use of three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques in dental medicine has boosted the development and use of artificial intelligence (AI) systems for various clinical problems. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral/facial scans are potential sources of image data to develop 3D image-based AI systems for automated diagnosis, treatment planning, and prediction of treatment outcome. This review focuses on current developments and performance of AI for 3D imaging in dentomaxillofacial radiology (DMFR) as well as intraoral and facial scanning. In DMFR, machine learning-based algorithms proposed in the literature focus on three main applications, including automated diagnosis of dental and maxillofacial diseases, localization of anatomical landmarks for orthodontic and orthognathic treatment planning, and general improvement of image quality. Automatic recognition of teeth and diagnosis of facial deformations using AI systems based on intraoral and facial scanning will very likely be a field of increased interest in the future. The review is aimed at providing dental practitioners and interested colleagues in healthcare with a comprehensive understanding of the current trend of AI developments in the field of 3D imaging in dental medicine.

Improved Planning of Skull Base Surgery by Coregistration of Three-Dimensional Data Sets of Different Angiographic Imaging Modalities Including rDSA, MRA, CTA, and T1-MRI Volume Data

Skull Base ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Kirsch ◽  
Thomas Meyer ◽  
Dino Podlesek ◽  
Ute Morgenstern ◽  
Rüdiger von Kummer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Skull Base Surgery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Volume Data

scholarly journals 3D Imaging Based on Depth Measurement Technologies

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Chen ◽  
Chao Zuo ◽  
Edmund Lam ◽  
Byoungho Lee
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
System Complexity ◽  
Imaging Quality ◽  
Depth Measurement ◽  
3D Imaging Techniques

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging has attracted more and more interest because of its widespread applications, especially in information and life science. These techniques can be broadly divided into two types: ray-based and wavefront-based 3D imaging. Issues such as imaging quality and system complexity of these techniques limit the applications significantly, and therefore many investigations have focused on 3D imaging from depth measurements. This paper presents an overview of 3D imaging from depth measurements, and provides a summary of the connection between the ray-based and wavefront-based 3D imaging techniques.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Holographic Imaging Using Single Frequency Microwave Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza K. Amineh ◽  
Maryam Ravan ◽  
Raveena Sharma ◽  
Smit Baua
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Security Screening ◽  
Holographic Imaging ◽  
Wave Imaging ◽  
The Media

Three-dimensional (3D) microwave and millimeter wave imaging techniques based on the holographic principles have been successfully employed in several applications such as security screening, body shape measurement for the apparel industry, underground imaging, and wall imaging. The previously proposed 3D holographic imaging techniques require the acquisition of wideband data over rectangular or cylindrical apertures. Requirement for wideband data imposes limitations on the hardware (in particular at very high or very low frequencies). It may also lead to errors in the produced images if the media is dispersive (e.g., in biomedical imaging) and not modeled properly in the image reconstruction process. To address these limitations, here, we propose a technique to perform 3D imaging with single frequency data. Instead of collecting data at multiple frequencies, we acquire the backscattered fields with an array of resonant antennas. We demonstrate the possibility of 3D imaging with the proposed setup and perform a comprehensive study of the capabilities and limitations of the technique via simulations. To perform a realistic study, the simulation data is contaminated by noise.

Three-Dimensional Volumetric Spatially Angle-Corrected Pixelwise Fetal Flow Volume Measurement

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (S 02) ◽  
pp. E122-E128 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Scholbach ◽  
J. Stolle ◽  
J. Scholbach
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Volume Measurement ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Perfusion Measurement ◽  
Actual Flow ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Purpose: Early attempts to calculate fetal global perfusion used 2 D images. The results were not sufficiently reliable. That‘s why RI measurements are still in use despite the fact that they do not reflect the amount of blood passing through the fetus. We present a novel three-dimensional approach to overcome these limitations. Materials and Methods: In 124 singleton pregnancies between the 23rd and 4st gestational week, a three-dimensional color Doppler sonographic record of the umbilical cord was made, resulting in 281 volume data sets. With dedicated software (PixelFlux) the spatial angle of the umbilical vein was calculated and the true global fetal perfusion was calculated from its horizontal transection as the product of the area of all pixels and the spatial angle-corrected velocity. To validate the PixelFlux technique, phantom flow measurements were carried out. Results: Phantom flow measurements revealed a highly significant correlation of actual flow volumes and those measured by the PixelFlux technique (p < 0.001; rPearson = 0.987 – 0.991) with an even higher interobserver correlation (p < 0.001; rPearson = 0.997). We found a significant correlation of fetal volume flow to gestational age and weight (r = 0.529 at spatial angles below 30° to r = 0.724 at spatial angles below 5°) and a significant influence of the spatial angle on this correlation (p = 0.003; r = – 0.865). Conclusion: Spatial angle-corrected global fetal perfusion measurement improves existing approaches to fetal perfusion evaluation, and is feasible, simple and fast. Thus, it can be recommended to explore the relationship of fetal perfusion and disturbances of fetal development.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional imaging techniques: A literature review

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orhan Hakki Karatas ◽  
Ebubekir Toy
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Imaging ◽  
Current State ◽  
2D Imaging ◽  
3D Imaging Techniques ◽  
Static Imaging

ABSTRACTImaging is one of the most important tools for orthodontists to evaluate and record size and form of craniofacial structures. Orthodontists routinely use 2-dimensional (2D) static imaging techniques, but deepness of structures cannot be obtained and localized with 2D imaging. Three-dimensional (3D) imaging has been developed in the early of 1990’s and has gained a precious place in dentistry, especially in orthodontics. The aims of this literature review are to summarize the current state of the 3D imaging techniques and to evaluate the applications in orthodontics.

scholarly journals 3D Imaging based on Depth Measurement Technologies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Chen ◽  
Chao Zuo ◽  
Edmund Y. Lam ◽  
Byoungho Lee
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
System Complexity ◽  
Imaging Quality ◽  
Depth Measurement ◽  
3D Imaging Techniques

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging has attracted more and more interests because of its widespread applications, especially in information and life science. These techniques can be broadly divided into two types: ray-based and wavefront-based 3D imaging. Issues such as imaging quality and system complexity of these techniques limit the applications significantly, and therefore many investigations have focused on 3D imaging from depth measurements. This paper presents an overview of 3D imaging from depth measurements, and provides a summary of the connection between these the ray-based and wavefront-based 3D imaging techniques.

Three-Dimensional Tooth Segmentation by Integrating Multiple Ray-Sum Images From CBCT Data

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Barone ◽  
Alessandro Paoli ◽  
Armando V. Razionale
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
Cubic Spline Curve ◽  
Transverse Slice ◽  
Selection Of

The reconstruction of tooth anatomies is of utmost importance when dental implant surgeries and/or orthodontic corrections must be planned. In the last few years, cone beam CT (CBCT) has gained popularity in dentistry for 3D imaging of jawbones and teeth. However, within CBCT data sets, each tooth is defined by a region, which cannot be easily separated from surrounding tissues (i.e., bone tissue) by only considering pixel’s grey-intensity values. For this reason, some enhancement is usually necessary in order to properly segment tooth geometries. In this paper, a semi-automatic approach to reconstruct individual 3D tooth anatomies by processing CBCT-scan data is presented. The methodology is based on the creation of a minimal number of 2D “local ray-sum” images by adding the absorption values of adjacent voxels along the most significant views for each tooth. The knowledge of the specific anatomical patient morphology drives the selection of these significant projection directions. The reconstructed “ray-sum” images greatly enhance the clearness of the root contours, which can then be interactively traced by dentists. A set of meaningful 2D tooth contours is consequently obtained and used to automatically extract a cubic spline curve for each transverse slice, thus approximating the overall 3D tooth profile. The effectiveness of the methodology has been evaluated by comparing the results obtained for the reconstruction of anterior teeth with those obtained by using classical segmentation tools provided within commercial software.

High-Speed, High-Resolution 3D Imaging Using Projector Defocusing

2011 ◽  
pp. 121-140
Author(s):  
Song Zhang ◽  
Yuanzheng Gong
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Projection System ◽  
Digital Fringe Projection ◽  
System Nonlinearity ◽  
Projection Techniques ◽  
Fringe Patterns ◽  
3D Scene

With the advance of software and hardware, three-dimensional (3D) scene digitization becomes increasingly important. Over the years, numerous 3D imaging techniques have been developed. Among these techniques, the methods based on analyzing sinusoidal structured (fringe) patterns stand out due to their achievable speed and resolution. With the development of digital video display technologies, digital fringe projection techniques emerge as a mainstream for 3D imaging. However, developing such a system is not easy especially when an off-the-shelf projector is used. The major challenging problems are: (1) the projection system nonlinearity; (2) the precise synchronization requirement; and (3) the projection system speed limit. This chapter will present an alternative route for 3D imaging while reducing these problems. The fundamentals of the proposed technique will be introduced, the analytical and experimental results will be shown, and its advantages and limitations will be addressed.

scholarly journals Challenges of additive manufacturing technologies from an optimisation perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. A9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofiane Guessasma ◽  
Weihong Zhang ◽  
Jihong Zhu ◽  
Sofiane Belhabib ◽  
Hedi Nouri
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Three-dimensional printing offers varied possibilities of design that can be bridged to optimisation tools. In this review paper, a critical opinion on optimal design is delivered to show limits, benefits and ways of improvement in additive manufacturing. This review emphasises on design constrains related to additive manufacturing and differences that may appear between virtual and real design. These differences are explored based on 3D imaging techniques that are intended to show defect related processing. Guidelines of safe use of the term “optimal design” are derived based on 3D structural information.

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