scholarly journals Vertical Distribution of Ozone and Nitric Acid Vapor on the Mammoth Mountain, Eastern Sierra Nevada, California

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bytnerowicz ◽  
David R. Parker ◽  
Pamela E. Padgett
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Uv Absorption ◽  
Acid Vapor ◽  
Mammoth Mountain ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Eastern Sierra Nevada

In August and September 1999 and 2000, concentrations of ozone (O3) and nitric acid vapor (HNO3) were monitored at an elevation gradient (2184–3325 m) on the Mammoth Mountain, eastern Sierra Nevada, California. Passive samplers were used for monitoring exposure to tropospheric O3and HNO3vapor. The 2-week average O3concentrations ranged between 45 and 72 ppb, while HNO3concentrations ranged between 0.06 and 0.52 μg/m3. Similar ranges of O3and HNO3were determined for 2 years of the study. No clear effects of elevation on concentrations of the two pollutants were detected. Concentrations of HNO3were low and at the background levels expected for the eastern Sierra Nevada, while the measured concentrations of O3were elevated. High concentrations of ozone in the study area were confirmed with an active UV absorption O3monitor placed at the Mammoth Mountain Peak (September 5–14, 2000, average 24-h concentration of 56 ppb).

scholarly journals Vertical Distribution of Ozone and Nitrogenous Pollutants in an Air Quality Class I Area, the San Gorgonio Wilderness, Southern California

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 10-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Alonso ◽  
Andrzej Bytnerowicz ◽  
Michael Arbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Class I ◽  
San Bernardino Mountains ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
Wilderness Area

Information about spatial and temporal distribution of air pollutants is essential for better understanding of environmental stresses affecting forests and estimation of potential risks associated with air pollutants. Ozone and nitrogenous air pollutants were monitored along an elevation gradient in the Class I San Gorgonio Wilderness area (San Bernardino Mountains, California, U.S.) during the summer of 2000 (mid-June to mid-October). Passive samplers were exposed for 2-week periods at six sampling sites located at 300 m intervals ranging from 1200 to 2700 m elevation. Elevated concentrations of ozone were found in this area with summer 24-h hourly means ranging from 53 to 59 ppb. The highest ozone concentrations were detected in the period July 25 to August 8, reaching values of 64 to 72 ppb expressed as 2-week mean. Passive-sampler ozone data did not show a clear relationship with elevation, although during the periods with higher ozone levels, ozone concentrations were higher at those sites below 2000 m than at sites located above that elevation. All nitrogenous pollutants studied showed a consistent decrease of concentrations with elevation. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels were low, decreasing with increasing elevation from 6.4 to 1.5 ppb summer means. Nitric oxide (NO) concentrations were around 1 to 2 ppb, which is within the range of the detection levels of the devices used. Nitric acid (HNO3) vapor concentrations were lower at higher elevations (summer means 1.9 to 2.5 μg m-3) than at lower elevations (summer means 4.3 to 5.1 μg m-3). Summer concentrations of ammonia (NH3) were slightly higher than nitric acid ranging from 6 μg m-3at the lowest site to 2.5 μg m-3registered at the highest elevation. Since complex interactions between ozone and nitrogenous air pollutants have already been described for forests, simultaneous information about the distribution of these pollutants is needed. This is particularly important in mountain terrain where no reliable models of air pollutant distribution exist.

scholarly journals Passive Sampler for Measurements of Atmospheric Nitric Acid Vapor (HNO3) Concentrations

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 815-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bytnerowicz ◽  
Pamela E. Padgett ◽  
Michael J. Arbaugh ◽  
David R. Parker ◽  
David P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Passive Sampler ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Usda Forest Service ◽  
Acid Vapor ◽  
San Bernardino Mountains ◽  
San Bernardino ◽  
Direct Injury ◽  
Annular Denuder

Nitric acid (HNO3) vapor is an important nitrogenous air pollutant responsible for increasing saturation of forests with nitrogen and direct injury to plants. The USDA Forest Service and University of California researchers have developed a simple and inexpensive passive sampler for monitoring air concentrations of HNO3. Nitric acid is selectively absorbed on 47-mm Nylasorb nylon filters with no interference from particulate NO3-. Concentrations determined with the passive samplers closely corresponded with those measured with the co-located honeycomb annular denuder systems. The PVC protective caps of standardized dimensions protect nylon filters from rain and wind and allow for reliable measurements of ambient HNO3concentrations. The described samplers have been successfully used in Sequoia National Park, the San Bernardino Mountains, and on Mammoth Mountain in California.

Atmosphere × Canopy Interactions of Nitric Acid Vapor in Loblolly Pine Grown in Open‐Top Chambers

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Taylor ◽  
J. G. Owens ◽  
T. Grizzard ◽  
W. J. Selvidge
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Acid Vapor ◽  
Open Top Chambers

PRELIMINARY STRATIGRAPHY AND CHRONOLOGY OF CONVICT LAKE (CA), EASTERN SIERRA NEVADA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. McGlue ◽  
◽  
Edward W. Woolery ◽  
Morgan Black ◽  
Ali Almayahi
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Eastern Sierra Nevada

The effect of atmospheric nitric acid vapor on cloud condensation nucleus activation

1993 ◽  
Vol 98 (D12) ◽  
pp. 22949 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kulmala ◽  
A. Laaksonen ◽  
P. Korhonen ◽  
T. Vesala ◽  
T. Ahonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Condensation Nucleus ◽  
Cloud Condensation Nucleus ◽  
Acid Vapor

Oxyanion concentrations in eastern Sierra Nevada rivers—1. Selenium

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia A. Doyle ◽  
W. Berry Lyons ◽  
Glenn C. Miller ◽  
Susan G. Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Eastern Sierra Nevada Rivers ◽  
Eastern Sierra Nevada

Thin Layer Densitometric Determination of Rotenone and Deguelin

1969 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
Norman E Delfel ◽  
William H Tallent
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Ammonia Vapor ◽  
Acid Vapor ◽  
Tephrosia Vogelii ◽  
Infrared Methods

Abstract Rutenone and deguelin are separated by chromatography on silver nitrate-impregnated silica gel G with chloroform acetone: acetic acid (196:3:1) solvent system. Glass plates, 20 × 20 cm, are coated with a special spreader producing a 0.25 mm layer and a 1.00 mm band at the upper end. Since additional solvent is required to saturate the thicker band, such plates give resolutions comparable to plates twice as long. Developed plates are treated with nitric acid vapor, then ammonia vapor, to produce dark spots for the rotenoids. Plates are scanned with a commercial densitometer, and the quantity of rotenoids is calculated from peak area in the resultant curve. Kecoveries of rotenone and deguelin added to extracts of Tephrosia vogelii, Lonchocarpus nicou, and Derris elliptica averaged 104.1 and 99.4%, respectively. The standard deviation of the method applied to plant extracts was 7.9% for rotenone and 8.3% for deguelin. The amounts of rotenone in the L. nicou samples were comparable to those determined by the AOAC crystallization and infrared methods.

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