scholarly journals Suppression of Tumor Angiogenesis by Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A New Function for Old Drugs

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 808-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curzio Raegg ◽  
Olivier Dormond
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Angiogenesis ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Polyposis Coli ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Coli ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Old Drugs

There is solid epidemiological evidence demonstrating that the regular use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduces the risk of developing colorectal cancer, and to a lesser extent gastric and esophageal cancers[1]. Importantly, NSAIDs suppress colon polyp formation and progression in patients diagnosed with familial adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)[2]. In many animal studies, NSAIDs have been shown to prevent tumor formation and slow tumor progression, thus confirming and extending the clinical observations[3,4,5]. Recent findings have demonstrated that NSAIDs inhibit angiogenesis, suggesting that the tumor suppressive activity of these drugs may be due, at least in part, to their ability to inhibit tumor angiogenesis[6]. The study of the mechanism by which NSAIDs suppress tumor angiogenesis, is matter of intense research.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Herbal Remedy PERVIVO and Anti-Inflammatory Drug Sulindac on L-1 Sarcoma Tumor Growth and Tumor Angiogenesis in Balb/c Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Skopiński ◽  
B. J. Bałan ◽  
J. Kocik ◽  
R. Zdanowski ◽  
S. Lewicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Tumor Angiogenesis ◽  
Herbal Remedy ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Drug ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Biologic Response ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Anticancer activity of many herbs was observed for hundreds of years. They act as modifiers of biologic response, and their effectiveness may be increased by combining multiple herbal extracts . PERVIVO, traditional digestive herbal remedy, contains some of them, and we previously described its antiangiogenic activity. Numerous studies documented anticancer effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. We were the first to show that sulindac and its metabolites inhibit angiogenesis. In the present paper the combinedin vivoeffect of multicomponent herbal remedy PERVIVO and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug sulindac on tumor growth, tumor angiogenesis, and tumor volume in Balb/c mice was studied. These effects were checked after grafting cells collected from syngeneic sarcoma L-1 tumors into mice skin. The strongest inhibitory effect was observed in experimental groups treated with PERVIVO and sulindac together. The results of our investigation showed that combined effect of examined drugs may be the best way to get the strongest antiangiogenic and antitumor effect.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Liposomal-Based Anti-Inflammatory Therapy

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1004
Author(s):  
Carla van Alem ◽  
Josbert Metselaar ◽  
Cees van Kooten ◽  
Joris Rotmans
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Liposomal Formulations ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Liposomes can be seen as ideal carriers for anti-inflammatory drugs as their ability to (passively) target sites of inflammation and release their content to inflammatory target cells enables them to increase local efficacy with only limited systemic exposure and adverse effects. Nonetheless, few liposomal formulations seem to reach the clinic. The current review provides an overview of the more recent innovations in liposomal treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, vascular inflammation, and transplantation. Cutting edge developments include the liposomal delivery of gene and RNA therapeutics and the use of hybrid systems where several liposomal bilayer features, or several drugs, are combined in a single formulation. The majority of the articles reviewed here focus on preclinical animal studies where proof-of-principle of an improved efficacy–safety ratio is observed when using liposomal formulations. A few clinical studies are included as well, which brings us to a discussion about the challenges of clinical translation of liposomal nanomedicines in the field of inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals A Review on the Effects of Melatonin on Fetal Protection during Pregnancy with Intrauterine Inflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-203
Author(s):  
Jang Mee Kim ◽  
Ji Yeon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Fetal Protection ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Fetal Inflammatory Response

Intrauterine inflammation is defined as the inflammation of the chorion, amnion, and placenta. Untreated inflammation increases the risk of fetal inflammatory response syndrome, which may result in multiorgan diseases involving the brain, cardiovascular system, lung, eye, and intestine. Therefore, controlling inflammation is critical in pregnant women to reduce the risk of diseases. However, there are no safe and effective anti-inflammatory drugs for administration during pregnancy. Although the primary function of melatonin is to control circadian rhythms, it has protective effects against cellular insults occurring from hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation. While animal studies support the effective and safe role of melatonin in improving pregnancy-related morbidities, it leaves plenty of opportunities for clinical studies investigating its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and protective effects against insults induced by intrauterine inflammation. Therefore, it will be worthwhile to investigate antenatal supplementation of melatonin in pregnant women with intrauterine inflammation to reduce the incidence of associated comorbidities.

scholarly journals Roles of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Vascular Dysfunction in Hypertension

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quynh N. Dinh ◽  
Grant R. Drummond ◽  
Christopher G. Sobey ◽  
Sophocles Chrissobolis
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Inflammatory Cascade ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Key Steps

Hypertension is a complex condition and is the most common cardiovascular risk factor, contributing to widespread morbidity and mortality. Approximately 90% of hypertension cases are classified as essential hypertension, where the precise cause is unknown. Hypertension is associated with inflammation; however, whether inflammation is a cause or effect of hypertension is not well understood. The purpose of this review is to describe evidence from human and animal studies that inflammation leads to the development of hypertension, as well as the evidence for involvement of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction—both thought to be key steps in the development of hypertension. Other potential proinflammatory conditions that contribute to hypertension—such as activation of the sympathetic nervous system, aging, and elevated aldosterone—are also discussed. Finally, we consider the potential benefit of anti-inflammatory drugs and statins for antihypertensive therapy. The evidence reviewed suggests that inflammation can lead to the development of hypertension and that oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction are involved in the inflammatory cascade. Aging and aldosterone may also both be involved in inflammation and hypertension. Hence, in the absence of serious side effects, anti-inflammatory drugs could potentially be used to treat hypertension in the future.

Determination of the Therapeutic Mean Effective Doses of Several Anti-inflammatory Agents in Adjuvant Arthritic Rats

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Martel ◽  
J. Klicius ◽  
F. Herr
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Relative Potency ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Dose Response Curves ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Therapeutic Test

The large variation in the severity of the arthritic response of the adjuvant-injected rat often makes it impossible to obtain statistically manageable dose–response curves with anti-inflammatory drugs. Consequently, the relative potency of anti-inflammatory drugs generally was not established. In the present study, with a modification of the therapeutic test, reliable dose–response curves were obtained with seven anti-inflammatory drugs. With this method the "therapeutic" mean effective dose (ED50) and relative potency were calculated by probit analysis. Charles River rats were injected in the left hind paw with adjuvant. On day 14, rats with an injected paw volume of 4–6 ml that increased by at least 0.5 ml between days 10 and 14 were selected for drug treatment. Groups of 6–12 rats with a mean injected paw volume of 5–5.5 ml were formed. Dosing with compounds was started on day 14 and continued daily until day 22 (nine injections). Ninety-four percent of the arthritic control rats showed a further increase in injected paw size between days 14 and 22 (mean, 1.06 ± 0.12 ml) whereas rats dosed with anti-inflammatory compounds showed a dose-related decrease in paw size during the same period. A decrease of 0.5 ml or more between days 14 and 22 was considered to be a therapeutic effect, smaller decreases were taken as no effect. The oral ED50's in milligrams per kilogram were indomethacin, 0.22 ± 0.05; prednisolone, 3.49 ± 1.0; hydrocortisone, 12.4 ± 3.0; phenylbutazone, 13.27 ± 2.7; mefenamic acid 20.10 ± 5.8; aminopyrine, 129.95 ± 25.3; and aspirin, 279.0 ± 24.6. Except for aspirin, the relative potency of the compounds studied by this therapeutic test (chronic) was comparable to that reported for the acute carrageenin assay. Aspirin appears to be markedly less active in chronic inflammation than in acute. This finding is consistent with both experimental and clinical observations.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of complicated caries in patients with concomitant somatic pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
L. P. Shayda ◽  
V. Yu. Vashneva ◽  
Yu. A. Sycheva ◽  
V. N. Rakhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Attending Physician

Relevance. To date, the prescription of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of complicated forms of caries, accompanied by a pronounced pain syndrome, is still needed. The main criteria to be met by NSAIDs used by patients are: adequacy of clinical situation, safety, effectiveness. However, if the choice of therapeutic agent is made without taking into account the accompanying somatic pathology, there is a risk of harm to the patient's health, both on the recommendation of the attending physician, and when the patient himself using the drug. The use of NSAIDs in medical practice is often fraught with serious adverse events (AEs), primarily from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), cardiovascular system (CVS), etc. The task of the doctor, who prescribes NSAIDs to the patient, is to minimize the negative effects of these drugs on digestive and cardiovascular system of the patient while achieving the optimal analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.Aim. To study the peculiarities of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of complicated caries in patients with concomitant somatic pathology.Materials and methods. Retrospective review of domestic and foreign publications, questionnaire survey of dentists concerning prescribed NSAIDs, and generalized recommendations for prescribing these drugs taking into account the features of general medical diseases were carried out.Results. Basing on literature data and own clinical observations, the most frequently prescribed drugs for pain reaction relief in patients with complicated forms of caries were singled out and recommendations for prescription of NSAIDs in patients with generalosomatic diseases were suggested.Conclusions. This work offers recommendations for the use of NSAIDs in dental patients with concomitant somatic pathology.

The Effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Selective COX-2 Inhibitors on Bone Healing

2021 ◽  
pp. 155633162199863
Author(s):  
Alexander E. White ◽  
Jensen K. Henry ◽  
Daniel Dziadosz
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Fracture Nonunion ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors

A recently published study, “Risk of Nonunion With Nonselective NSAIDs, COX-2 Inhibitors, and Opioids” by George et al ( J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2020;102:1230–1238), assesses whether the use of nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) enzyme inhibitors, or opioids was associated with a risk of long bone fracture nonunion in Optum’s deidentified private health database. This review analyzes the study, including strengths, weaknesses, and areas for future research. The study found an association between COX-2 inhibitor and opioid use with fracture nonunion but not with nonselective NSAID use. Although the literature on this topic is varied, these results are at least partially aligned with several animal studies that show COX-2 inhibitors to be associated with fracture nonunion. The George et al study design has several important limitations, indicating that further research is needed on this topic.

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