scholarly journals Nitrogen Loss Estimation Worksheet (NLEW): An Agricultural Nitrogen Loading Reduction Tracking Tool

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna L. Osmond ◽  
Lin Xu ◽  
Noah N. Ranells ◽  
Steve C. Hodges ◽  
Roger Hansard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Loss Estimation ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Total N

The Neuse River Basin in North Carolina was regulated in 1998, requiring that all pollution sources (point and nonpoint) reduce nitrogen (N) loading into the Neuse Estuary by 30%. Point source N reductions have already been reduced by approximately 35%. The diffuse nature of nonpoint source pollution, and its spatial and temporal variability, makes it a more difficult problem to treat. Agriculture is believed to contribute over 50% of the total N load to the river. In order to reduce these N inputs, best management practices (BMPs) are necessary to control the delivery of N from agricultural activities to water resources and to prevent impacts to the physical and biological integrity of surface and ground water. To provide greater flexibility to the agricultural community beyond standard BMPs (nutrient management, riparian buffers, and water-control structures), an agricultural N accounting tool, called Nitrogen Loss Estimation Worksheet (NLEW), was developed to track N reductions due to BMP implementation. NLEW uses a modified N-balance equation that accounts for some N inputs as well as N reductions from nutrient management and other BMPs. It works at both the field- and county-level scales. The tool has been used by counties to determine different N reduction strategies to achieve the 30% targeted reduction.

scholarly journals Assessing Opportunities to Increase Yield and Profit in Rainfed Lowland Rice Systems in Indonesia

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Erythrina Erythrina ◽  
Arif Anshori ◽  
Charles Y. Bora ◽  
Dina O. Dewi ◽  
Martina S. Lestari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Yield Gap

In this study, we aimed to improve rice farmers’ productivity and profitability in rainfed lowlands through appropriate crop and nutrient management by closing the rice yield gap during the dry season in the rainfed lowlands of Indonesia. The Integrated Crop Management package, involving recommended practices (RP) from the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), were compared to the farmers’ current practices at ten farmer-participatory demonstration plots across ten provinces of Indonesia in 2019. The farmers’ practices (FP) usually involved using old varieties in their remaining land and following their existing fertilizer management methods. The results indicate that improved varieties and nutrient best management practices in rice production, along with water reservoir infrastructure and information access, contribute to increasing the productivity and profitability of rice farming. The mean rice yield increased significantly with RP compared with FP by 1.9 t ha–1 (ranges between 1.476 to 2.344 t ha–1), and net returns increased, after deducting the cost of fertilizers and machinery used for irrigation supplements, by USD 656 ha–1 (ranges between USD 266.1 to 867.9 ha–1) per crop cycle. This represents an exploitable yield gap of 37%. Disaggregated by the wet climate of western Indonesia and eastern Indonesia’s dry climate, the RP increased rice productivity by 1.8 and 2.0 t ha–1, with an additional net return gain per cycle of USD 600 and 712 ha–1, respectively. These results suggest that there is considerable potential to increase the rice production output from lowland rainfed rice systems by increasing cropping intensity and productivity. Here, we lay out the potential for site-specific variety and nutrient management with appropriate crop and supplemental irrigation as an ICM package, reducing the yield gap and increasing farmers’ yield and income during the dry season in Indonesia’s rainfed-prone areas.

scholarly journals A Phased Assessment of Restoration Alternatives to Achieve Phosphorus Water Quality Targets for Lake Okeechobee, Florida, USA

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogesh Khare ◽  
Ghinwa Naja ◽  
G. Stainback ◽  
Christopher Martinez ◽  
Rajendra Paudel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Lake Okeechobee ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Maximum Daily Loads

Achieving total phosphorus (TP) total maximum daily loads (TMDL) for Lake Okeechobee (Florida, FL, USA), a large freshwater lake, is a key component of the greater Everglades ecosystem restoration and sustainability of south Florida. This study was aimed at identification of a cost-effective restoration alternative using four TP control strategies—Best Management Practices (BMPs), Dispersed Water Management (DWM), Wetland Restoration, and Stormwater Treatment Areas (STAs)—to achieve a flow-weighted mean TP concentration of 40 µg/L at lake inflow points, through a phased scenario analysis approach. The Watershed Assessment Model was used to simulate flow and phosphorus dynamics. The 10-year (1998–2007) ‘Base’ scenario calibration indicated ‘acceptable’ to ‘good’ performance with simulated annual average flows and TP load of 2.64 × 109 m3 and 428.6 metric tons, respectively. Scenario results showed that TP load reduction without STAs would be around 11–40% with respect to Base compared to over 75% reduction requirement to achieve TMDL, indicating STAs as a necessary component to achieve restoration. The most cost-effective alternative to achieve TP target consisted of implementation of nutrient management BMPs, continuation of existing DWM projects, and the construction of ~200 km2 of STAs for a total project cost of US $4.26 billion.

Iowa Statewide Stream Nitrate Loading: 2017-2018 Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Jones ◽  
Keith E. Schilling
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Nutrient Reduction ◽  
Stream Network ◽  
Discharge Data

In response to ongoing hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico, several states in the Mississippi River basin have adopted nutrient reduction plans in recent years designed to arrest the flow of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from both point and non-point sources to the stream network. Iowa's Nutrient Reduction Strategy, implemented in 2012, aims to reduce stream loading of these nutrients by 45% within a yet-to-be-defined time frame. Because the state has chosen to integrate accountability into the strategy through the numerical objective, ongoing water monitoring is necessary to credibly measure progress. The primary objective of this research was to use water quality monitoring and discharge data to update statewide nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) loading using the combined data sets generated by in situ water quality sensors and traditional grab sample monitoring conducted by state government. Our research shows that the 5-year running annual average of nitrate-nitrogen loading continues to increase, and after the 2018 water year is 73% higher than that calculated in 2003. Loads from Iowa areas draining to the Missouri River are increasing more rapidly than loads from areas draining to the upper Mississippi River: 132% versus 55% since 2003. This shows that best management practices designed to stem the loss of nutrients from the corn-soybean system must be widely adopted and robustly designed for extreme environmental conditions if Iowa is to meet its water quality objectives.

scholarly journals Long-term effects of continuous cropping and different nutrient management practices on the distribution of organic nitrogen in soil under rice-wheat system

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kaur ◽  
Singh JP
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Amino Sugar ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Hydrolysable N

A long-term experiment was used to evaluate the effects of different nutrient management practices on the distribution of soil organic N fractions and their contribution to N nutrition of a rice-wheat system. Continuous rice-wheat cultivation for 13 years without any fertilization was unable to maintain total soil nitrogen level to its original level and resulted in a decrease at 8.3 mg N/kg/year. Likewise, amino acid N, amino sugar N, ammonia N, hydrolysable unknown N, total hydrolysable N and non-hydrolysable N decreased by 37.2, 29.6, 33.7, 10.4, 26.6 and 20.4%, respectively over their initial status. However, application of inorganic fertilizers alone or in combination with organic manures led to a marked increase in total N and its fractions. The increase in total N with the application of farmyard manure, press mud and green manure along with inorganic fertilizer over treatment with inorganic fertilizer alone was 23.1, 34.4 and 7.0%, respectively. These results imply that integrated use of inorganic fertilizers with organic manures represent a sound practice for sustaining N reserves in soil. On average, amino acid-N, amino sugar-N, ammonia-N and hydrolysable unknown-N constituted about 27.9, 10.7, 28.7 and 32.7% of the total hydrolysable-N, respectively.

scholarly journals Assessment of productivity and resource use efficiency of rice under different establishment methods and nutrient management in Chitwan condition, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Chandika Lama ◽  
Santosh Marahatta
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Management

A field experiment was conducted in sub humid climate of inner terai of Nepal to determine the productivity and economics of rice under direct seeded and transplanted methods under different nutrient management in strip plot design with three replications in 2013, rainy season. The treatment consisted of three tillage methods, conventional tillage direct seeded rice, unpuddled transplanted rice and Puddled transplanted rice and five nutrient management practices Recommended Nitrogen(N), Phosphorous(P) and Potassium(K), 100:30:30 Kg NPK ha-1; Leaf color chart based N + Recommended PK; Farmers’ Practice, 48.30:34.50:0.00 Kg NPK ha-1; 0N + Recommended PK and 150% of Recommended NPK. The result revealed that grain and straw yield were not significant due to crop establishment methods. LCC based N application yield was comparable with 150% of Rec. NPK and Rec. NPK. Saving N on LCC based N management with 41.56 Kg ha-1 and 9.44 Kg N ha-1 over 150% of recommended NPK recommended NPK respectively. Adoption of CT-DSR reduced the total cost of cultivation by 30.13% and B:C ratio by 45.95% over P-TPR. The lower cost, higher benefit and the same production, revealed that LCC based N management under CT-DSR was the best management practices over the conventional P-TPR.

scholarly journals Properties and sustainable management of the inland wetland soils for efficient rice production in Southern Guinea Savanna zone of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Ogbu O. J. ◽  
Usman J. ◽  
Orohu T. O. ◽  
Onah J.E.
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Grid Method ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Wetland Soils ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil Units

ABSTRACT A pedological study was carried out on some inland wetland soils of Obukiyo, Oju Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria to identify their properties and suggest sustainable management practices for the soils. The grid method of soil survey was employed in the field to investigate the morphological and physicochemical properties of the soils. Four soil units were identified on the field based on soil colour, texture, structure, surface properties, topography and water level. Two pits were sunk in each soil unit, described and sampled for laboratory analysis. The soil units were deep (160cm to 190cm) and somewhat well to very poorly drained. The soils were fine texture and slightly to moderately acid and slightly alkaline in reaction (pH 4.1-7.8). The percentage sand fraction ranged between 35.12% and 79.75%, silt, 0.00% and 36.56% and clay 19.76% and 58.46%. They had low to moderate organic carbon (0.30%-2.25%), total N (0.01%-0.42%) available P (213 mg/kg-6.515mgkg-1), total exchangeable bases (3.61cmolkg– 8.26cmolkg), E.A (0.62cmolkg-1 – 3.63cmolkg-1) CEC (3.75cmolkg-1 8.34cmolkg-1), ECEC (5.70cmolkg-1-10.33cmolkg-1) and high base saturation of 53% to 93%. Based on the physicochemical properties, management practices such as; minimal tillage, application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, application of lime to reduce acidity in unit 1 and integrated planting time management with water control were recommended for units II, III and IV.

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