scholarly journals Improving Nutrient Efficiency as a Strategy to Reduce Nutrient Surpluses on Dairy Farms

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 866-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J.M. Ondersteijn ◽  
A.G.J.M. Oude Lansink ◽  
G.W.J. Giesen ◽  
R.B.M. Huirne
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Nutrient Efficiency ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Dutch nutrient policy aims at reducing leaching of agricultural nutrients by internalizing the negative externalities associated with inefficient nutrient use. This is done by taxation of nitrogen and phosphate surpluses that exceed a hectare-based threshold of maximum-allowed surpluses. One management strategy farmers may use to reduce the nutrient surpluses on their farms is to improve the nutrient efficiency of the agricultural production process. This study employs Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to calculate nitrogen and phosphate efficiencies and an overall nutrient efficiency measure for a 3-year panel of 114 Dutch dairy farms. Subsequent analyses show the impact of both farm intensity and nutrient efficiency on the nitrogen and phosphate surpluses. It appears that farm intensity has a positive effect on efficiency, but efficiency and intensity exert opposite influences on nutrient surpluses. This is especially the case for nitrogen. The magnitude of a possible reduction of nitrogen surpluses through a strategy of efficiency improvement is therefore limited by the intensity of the farming system, unless the technology with which nutrients are used by the farming system can be further improved or input/output ratios will be altered.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Significance of Clusters for Increasing Business Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-189
Author(s):  
Eva Stichhauerova ◽  
Miroslav Zizka ◽  
Natalie Pelloneova
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Cluster Membership ◽  
Cluster Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given ◽  
Positive Effect

This article focuses on the impact of clusters on performance in five selected industries. Focused on increasing the competitiveness of regions and enterprises, clusters are currently considered one of the most essential tools of industrial policy. This includes the Czech Republic, where cluster initiatives have been systematically supported since 2004 by operational programmes. The goal of this research was to determine whether cluster organizations have a positive effect on the performance of their member enterprises in various industries. Another goal was to verify the relation between the financial and innovative performance of the member enterprises. The research was carried out on a sample of five clusters in the automotive, IT, furnituremanufacturing, packaging and machinery industries, with Data Envelopment Analysis used for this performance evaluation. The enterprises were divided into three groups: companies that are members of cluster organizations, companies that are active in the same region and industry but are not members of a cluster group, and companies from the respective industry that operate outside the region of the given cluster. The results of the study indicate that in four industries (automotive, IT, packaging, machinery), member companies of cluster organizations achieve better results than non-members or firms active in other regions. On the other hand, it was not possible to prove a positive relation between company performance and their registered industrial rights, neither from the perspective of cluster membership nor their activity in the respective industry and region.

scholarly journals Growth and Nutrient Use Efficiencies of Yams (Dioscoreaspp.) Grown in Two Contrasting Soils of West Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucien N'Guessan Diby ◽  
Bi Tra Tie ◽  
Olivier Girardin ◽  
Ravi Sangakkara ◽  
Emmanuel Frossard
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Savanna Soil ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiencies

Fertilization is an important management strategy of yams (Dioscoreaspp.) especially when grown in degraded soils. A field study evaluated the leaf numbers, leaf area indices, crop growth, yields, and nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) use efficiencies ofD. alataandD. rotundatain Côte d'Ivoire when grown in two contrasting soils with and without fertilizer.D. alatahad a lower number of leaves per vine, although leaf area indices were higher, and the leaves were retained for a longer period than inD. rotundata. In all situations, the yields ofD. alatawere significantly higher, and fertilizers promoted growth of shoots, roots, tubers, and, thus, final yields especially in the low fertile savanna soil. The beneficial impact of fertilizer on yields was significantly lower in the fertile forest soils. The nutrient use agronomic efficiencies indicated the impact of both N and K in promoting yields especially under nonfertilized conditions.

scholarly journals SWOT Analysis of Organic Farming with Special Reference to Nagaland

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nchumthung Murry
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Northeastern State

In India, the northeastern state of Sikkim achieved its goal of converting to 100% organic farming. Other states, including Nagaland, Mizoram, Goa, Kerala, and Meghalaya, have also declared their intentions to shift to fully organic cultivation. Nagaland farmers rely heavily on traditional knowledge which advocates the use of commonly available organic materials such as cattle manure, leaf litter, and crop residues for enrichment of soil. These attributes put the region in a rather comfortable position to convert to fully organic agricultural production without major shifts in the prevailing farming paradigm. Studies has shown that there are inherent advantages for adoption and conversion of farming in Nagaland as the state has very less and negligible use of chemical in farming as well as the traditional system of farming model suits the principle of organic farming. It is noteworthy to point out the long age traditional shifting cultivation without the use of chemical although has negative externalities but has a scope to reinvent this model in more sustainable mode of farming. Nagaland, has rich biodiversity and is gradually making its entry into the organic farming market. Nagaland has potential for promotion of organic farming as farmers has been practicing traditional system of agricultural without the use of external inputs since its inception. Another farming practices adopted in Nagaland is the Alder based farming system and the Zabo arming system which has shown significantly self sustaining based on natural input management..

scholarly journals Research of the process of thermal processing of milk in a cylindrical pasteurizer

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
T. Kh. Bayramov ◽  
G. B. Mammadov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Permeability ◽  
Proximity Effect ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Permeability Surface ◽  
Electric And Magnetic Fields ◽  
Calculation Methodology ◽  
Positive Effect

Cylindrical coaxial heaters are increasingly used in agricultural production. However, their widespread use is restrained by the fact that it is still necessary to supplement the calculation methodology, which would make it possible to take into account its geometric dimensions, dielectric and magnetic permeability, surface effect and proximity effect, uneven distribution of electric and magnetic fields along the heater, and a number of other factors when choosing the parameters of the heater. Such a task is relevant in the design of electric heaters for the production needs of dairy farms, taking into account what the methodology presented below has been developed. This technique gave a positive effect in relation to the development of an experimental electric pasteurizer.

scholarly journals The impact of intrapreneurship strategy on business performances of Italian companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-105
Author(s):  
Vojislav Babić ◽  
Siniša Zarić ◽  
Rossana Piccolo
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Italian Region ◽  
Entrepreneurial Skills ◽  
New Business ◽  
Decentralized Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Gain Access

Intrapreneurship is a decentralized management strategy applied in large and medium-sized companies. The strategy enables employees to use their entrepreneurial skills for the benefit of both the company and the employee. Talented employees get the opportunity to create ideas, undertake innovative ventures, to experiment, to gain access to financial resources and other resources in order to encourage innovative change and results. The creator of the idea was the Pinchot couple in 1978, but to this day the concept has undergone several evolutionary waves (Antoncic, 2020). The intrapreneurship strategy positively affects the agility in the company, raises efficiency, has a positive effect on team spirit, increases productivity, reduces costs and raises profitability. The main goal of the paper is to analyze the level of intrapreneurship presence in large and medium-sized companies in the Italian region of Campania. The influence of intrapreneurship parameters on companies' business indicators is also measured. An instrument for measuring intrapreneurship was created for the needs of paper. The instrument measures the presence of autonomous teams in the company, the possibility of taking business initiative, speed of access to resources for testing purposes and realization of new business ideas, encouraging risk with the aim of realizing business ideas, mobility of resources within the company, the degree of management tolerance in order to realize new business ideas of employees, the presence of rewards, the level of management support at all levels, the number of hierarchical levels in the company and the role of crowdsourcing in the development of internal entrepreneurship. After factor and regression analysis, Factor 1 has a dominant impact on all three business indicators, while Factor 2 has a smaller but statistically significant impact on the company's volume of business and investments

scholarly journals The impact of coping strategies on the intensity of stress on hemato-oncology nurses

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Umann ◽  
Rodrigo Marques da Silva ◽  
Sonia Betzabeth Ticona Benavente ◽  
Laura de Azevedo Guido
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Oncology Nurses ◽  
Coping Scale ◽  
Stress Inventory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

We intended to evaluate the impact of coping strategies on the intensity of stress on hemato-oncology nurses, using a transversal analytical study conducted with 18 nurses between March and April of 2010. We used a form for socio-demographic characterization, the Occupational Coping Scale to evaluate the coping strategies and the Nurses Stress Inventory to evaluate the stress. There was no significant correlation between coping strategies and stress intensity, however, in the dispersion analysis, the use of control and avoidance strategies increased stress intensity while the use of symptoms management decreased its intensity. Nurses with less time working in the health institution and those without a postgraduate degree presented higher stress intensity. We concluded that Symptoms Management strategy has a positive effect on the stress of hemato-oncological nurses, where the reduced perspective of healing and the chronic condition of the patients are inherent to the nursing work and make proactive and avoidance actions difficult.

“Land fever” and “Bankruptcy”: Social Problems in Hanoi’s Urbanizing Peri-urban Communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-562
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

Drawn upon field research in two peri-urban villages of Hanoi in 2014 and short re-visits recently, the research examines the widespread of gambling and other social issues in Hanoi’s urbanizing peri-urban communities which happened concurrently with the phenomenon of “land fever,” and at the time local villagers received compensation from land appropriation. The article aims to understand the impact of urbanization on these communities and the interface between urbanization and the increase of social problems. It argues that gambling, drug use, and other social problems have been existing in Vietnamese rural communities long before; however, when urbanization came, some people have higher chances to engage in these activities. Those are villagers who want to transform quickly into entrepreneurs or bosses by joining the “black credit” market and gambling. Together with middle-aged and old farmers who greatly relied on agricultural production and face difficulties in transforming their occupation, they formed the group of losers in the urbanization process. Received 6th January 2019; Revised 26th April 2019; Accepted 15th May 2019

Impact of Digitalization on Service Work in Knowledge-Intensive Business Services: An Empirical Study in Tax Consultancies

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-222
Author(s):  
Philipp K. Görs ◽  
Henning Hummert ◽  
Anne Traum ◽  
Friedemann W. Nerdinger
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Service Work ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Business Services ◽  
Knowledge Intensive Business Services ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Special Case

Digitalization is a megatrend, but there is relatively little knowledge about its consequences for service work in general and specifically in knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). We studied the impact of digitalization on psychological consequences for employees in tax consultancies as a special case of KIBS. We compare two tax consulting jobs with very different job demands, those of tax consultants (TCs) and assistant tax consultants (ATCs). The results show that the extent of digitalization at the workplace level for ATCs correlates significantly positively with their job satisfaction. For TCs, the same variable correlates positively with their work engagement. These positive effects of digitalization are mediated in the case of ATCs by the impact on important job characteristics. In the case of TCs, which already have very good working conditions, the impact is mediated by the positive effect on self-efficacy. Theoretical and practical consequences of these results are discussed.

Comparative study of the impact of two mechanical perforation densities on the behavior of a sandy soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
S. Chehaibi ◽  
K. Abrougui ◽  
F. Haouala
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
Good Improvement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Resistance To Penetration

The effects of mechanical perforation densities by extracting soil cores through an aerator Vertidrain with a working width of 1.6 m and equipped with hollow tines spaced of 65 mm, were studied on a sandy soil of a grassy sward in the Golf Course El Kantaoui in Sousse (Tunisia). The mechanical aeration was performed at two densities: 250 and 350 holes/m2. The cone penetration resistance and soil water infiltration were measured. These parameters were performed at initial state before aeration (E0) and then on the 10th, 20th and 30th day after aeration. These results showed that perforation density of 350 holes/m2 had a positive effect on the soil by reducing its cone resistance to penetration compared to the initial state (Rp = 14.8 daN/cm2). At 5 cm depth the decrease in resistance to penetration was 34% and 43% on the 10th and 20th day after aeration, respectively. However, on the 30th day after aeration the soil resistance to penetration tended to grow and its value compared to the initial state decreased only by 21 and 26%, respectively, at 5 and 15 cm of depth only by 10% and 9% with 250 holes/m2 density. The soil water infiltration made a good improvement after aeration compared to the initial state. This parameter increased from 4.8 cm/h to 8.3, 10.9 and 13.1 cm/h with 250 holes/m2 density and to 10, 12.9 and 14.8 cm/h with 350 holes/m2 density on the 10th, 20th and 30th day following the aeration.

Impact of merger on efficiency and productivity : a case study of commercial banks in Malaysia

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Mahadzir Ismail ◽  
Saliza Sulaiman ◽  
Hasni Abdul Rahim ◽  
Nordiana Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Domestic Banks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

The Financial Master Plan (2001- 2010) aims to enhance the capacity of banking industry so that higher effic iency and productivity can be reaped in the future. This study seeks to determine the impact of merger on the efficiency and productivity ofcommercial banks in Malaysia for the period 1995 until 2005. The study uses a non-parametric approach, nam ely DEA (data envelopment analysis?) to estimate the efficiency scores and to construct the Malmquist productivity index. To enable this estimation, three bank inputs and outputs are used. Amongst the findings are those banks exhibit higher efficiency score after the merger and thefo reign banks are more efficient than the local banks. Productivity of the banks is calculated in both periods, before and after the merger: The results show that, it is the local banks that have improved the most after the merger. The main source of productivity is technical change or innovation. The findings support the existing policy of having larger domestic banks in term of size.

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