scholarly journals Polychlorinated Biphenyls-Induced Oxidative Stress on Rat Hippocampus: A Neuroprotective Role of Quercetin

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kandaswamy Selvakumar ◽  
Senthamilselvan Bavithra ◽  
Gunasekaran Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Prabhu Venkataraman ◽  
Jagadeesan Arunakaran
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Group I ◽  
Brain Oxidative Stress

Present study is aimed to evaluate the ameliorative role of quercetin on PCBs-induced oxidative stress in hippocampus of Wistar rats.Group Irats received vehicle (corn oil) intraperitoneally (i.p);Group IIreceived quercetin 50 mg/kg bwt/day (gavage);Group IIIreceived PCB 2 mg/kg bwt/day (i.p);Group IVreceived PCB (i.p) and simultaneously quercetin through gavage. After 30 days, rats were euthanized and hippocampus was dissected from each rat brain. Oxidative stress was assessed by determining the levels of H2O2, LPO, Pcc, and alteration in the functional markers such as CK, AchE, and ATPases activities in the hippocampus of control and experimental animals. A significant increase in the levels of stress markers and decrease in level of functional markers were observed in PCBs-treated rats. Moreover DNA fragmentation and histological studies were ascertained to confirm PCBs toxicity. In conclusion, quercetin shows a protective role against PCBs-induced oxidative damage in rat hippocampus.

scholarly journals The Protective Role of Prenatal Alpha Lipoic Acid Supplementation against Pancreatic Oxidative Damage in Offspring of Valproic Acid-Treated Rats: Histological and Molecular Study

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Fatma M. Ghoneim ◽  
Hani Alrefai ◽  
Ayman Z. Elsamanoudy ◽  
Salwa M. Abo El-khair ◽  
Hanaa A. Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Group I

Background: Sodium valproate (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug (AED) licensed for epilepsy and used during pregnancy in various indications. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a natural compound inducing endogenous antioxidant production. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of prenatal administration of VPA on the pancreas of rat offspring and assess the potential protective role of ALA co-administration during pregnancy. Methods: Twenty-eight pregnant female albino rats were divided into four groups: group I (negative control), group II (positive control, ALA treated), group III (VPA-treated), and group IV (VPA-ALA-treated). The pancreases of the rat offspring were removed at the fourth week postpartum and prepared for histological, immune-histochemical, morphometric, molecular, and oxidative stress marker studies. Results: In group III, there were pyknotic nuclei, vacuolated cytoplasm with ballooning of acinar, α, and β cells of the pancreas. Ultrastructural degeneration of cytoplasmic organelles was detected. Additionally, there was a significant increase in oxidative stress, a decrease in insulin-positive cell percentage, and an increase in glucagon positive cells in comparison to control groups. Moreover, VPA increased the gene expression of an apoptotic marker, caspase-3, with a decrease in anti-apoptotic Bcl2 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcriptional factor. Conversely, ALA improved oxidative stress and apoptosis in group VI, and a consequent improvement of the histological and ultrastructure picture was detected. Conclusion: ALA co-administration with VPA significantly improved the oxidative stress condition, histological and morphometric picture of the pancreas, and restored normal expression of related genes, including Nrf2, caspase-3, and Bcl-2. Administration of α-lipoic acid has a protective effect against VPA-induced pancreatic oxidative damage via its cytoprotective antioxidant effect.

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS IN METHOTREXATE-INDUCED LIVER TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Arul Daniel J ◽  
Susmita Das ◽  
Neethu Jayan ◽  
Asha Devi S
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Hepatic Damage ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Objectives: Various clinically available drugs along with the beneficial action also have drastic side effects due to chronic exposure. In liver, these resulting side effects can be over production of reactive oxygen species, which will further lead to oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity. Therefore, as a preventive measure, the protective role of herbal extracts is being evaluated because of its high success rate and low toxic effects. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the protective role of Asparagus racemosus is evaluated and studied against methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatic damage in male Wistar albino rats.Methods: The course of the study was for 14 days. During this experimental study, the animals were categorized into four groups with six rats per group. Group I (positive control) which was treated with normal saline, Group II (negative control) with MTX 20 mg/kg of body weight on 12th day, Group III with A. racemosus 300 mg/kg of body weight + MTX 20 mg/kg on 12th day, and Group IV with A. racemosus 100 mg/kg of body weight + MTX 20 mg/kg on 12th day. On 14th day, the animals were sacrificed, and histopathological as well as antioxidant assays were performed.Results and Conclusion: Assays revealed high lipid peroxidation level and low antioxidant levels in Group II. Meanwhile, in Group III and IV, the levels were restored near to control, which supported the protective role of A. racemosus against MTX-induced hepatic damage. Histopathology evaluation also supported the above-mentioned findings.

Protective role of garlic against malathion induced oxidative stress in male albino rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamila A. M. Kotb ◽  
Farag A.A. Gh ◽  
Kholoud S Ramadan ◽  
Hoda E.A. Farid
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

The garlic has been widely used as medicinal plant for its therapeutic properties This study was aimed to investigate the antioxidant role of garlic (G) against oxidative stress induced by malathion (M) in male albino rats. After experimental period (28 days), the study investigated some biochemical parameters and oxidative stress markers in plasma rats. The results revealed that, malathion induced significant increase in plasma Tri-iodothyronine (T<sub>3</sub>), Thyroxin (T<sub>4</sub>), glucose values and malondialdehyde (MDA) as oxidative stress marker was noticed. However, significant decrease was recorded in cholesterol, total protein (T. Protein) contents and in defense system biomarker total SH- protein. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was inhibited by malathion treatment and cause alteration in non-specific esterase and protein pattern. Finally, these results concluded that garlic has significant protection against malathion intoxication demonstrated inhibition in acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity and reduced in cholesterol, T. protein and total SH- protein. Further studies are necessary to investigate the significant effect of garlic on thyroid gland, brain and neurotransmitters.

scholarly journals METOPROLOL-INDUCED LIVER INJURY AND THE HEPATOPROTECTIVE ROLE OF VITAMIN E IN RABBITS

2019 ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
MAYSAA BANAY ZUBAIRI
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Group I

Objective: This study aims to investigate the hepatotoxicity of metoprolol and find a prophylactic way to protect the liver through the use of Vitamin E. Methods: A total of 18 male rabbits were divided randomly into three groups, with six in each group. Group I (control) received corn oil, Group II was treated with metoprolol (20 mg/kg), and Group III was treated with Vitamin E (175 mg/kg) 30 min before metoprolol treatment. All treatments were given orally and daily for 14 days; animals were sacrificed at day 15. Biochemical parameters were estimated, and the liver was used for histopathological examinations. Results: Histopathological changes of liver injury were found in all metoprolol-treated rabbits, while these changes were minimized in all rabbits who were given Vitamin E. Serum liver function tests and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly elevated after metoprolol treatment and returned close to the control value on prior treatment with Vitamin E. Serum MDA, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were significantly decreased following treatment with Vitamin E. Conclusion: Vitamin E may have a hepatoprotective effect against metoprolol-induced liver injury in rabbits.

scholarly journals Role of vitamin C against bifenthrin induced oxidative damage in lungs of Wistar rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 346-349
Author(s):  
Muneer Ahmad Dar ◽  
Rajinder Raina ◽  
Arshad Hussain Mir ◽  
Pawan Kumar Verma ◽  
Mahrukh Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Group I ◽  
Stress Parameters

The aim of present study was to unravel the protective role of vitamin C on oxidative stress parameters in lung homogenates of bifenthrin intoxicated rats. Rats were divided into four groups. Group I served as control while group II animals were treated with bifenthrin @ 5.8mg/Kg/day. In group III, vitamin C was orally administered @ 60mg/Kg/day where as group IV received both vitamin C and bifenthrin @ 60mg/Kg/day and 5.8mg/Kg/day respectively. After 30th day of treatment, lung samples were taken and analysed for oxidative stress parameters. Significant (P<0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation was observed from control value of 4.80±0.39 to 7.90±0.50 in bifenthrin treated animals. Mean control values of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT were 0.55±0.05, 0.98±0.03 and 138.70±6.01 which were significantly (P<0.05) decreased to values of 0.27±0.0, 0.53±0.05 and 91.10±9.70 respectively in bifenthrin treated animals. The value of GST increased significantly (p<0.05) to 1.05±0.06 in bifenthrin administered animals from control value of 0.70±0.08. Pre-treatment with vitamin C in ameliorative group IV significantly restored the normal values of lipid peroxidation, SOD, GST and CAT but could not reverse the decreased values of GSH-Px. The present research is first of its type where in free radical generation due to bifenthrin –a commonly used insecticide was evaluated in lung homogenates when given orally which might be due to residues present in the lung. Besides it will be helpful in better understanding of toxicological profile of pyrethoids, the most commonly used insecticides.

scholarly journals Silver Nanoparticles Protects Streptozotocin-induced Hepatotoxicity: a Biochemical and Histopathological Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
QUDSIA BEGUM ◽  
Tabassum Mahboob
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Liver Injuries

Abstract Recently in many industries biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles are used as an alternative for their biomedicinal applications predominantly demonstrated as an effective agent in the diabetes treatment. On the other hand, oxidative stress crucially associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic comorbidities like diabetic hepatopathy, which is less common. Thus, the existing study explored the protective role of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AV-AgNPs) against hepatic toxicity persuaded by streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. Wistar male albino rats (200 ± 20 g) were segregated into five groups (n=10) and designated as, Group I-Control (no treatment); Group II-Diabetic control (35 mg/kg single dose of streptozotocin, IP); Group III-Diabetic treated with AV-AgNPs (10 mg/kg); Group IV-Diabetic treated with aloe vera leaves extract (AVLE) (100 mg/kg); Group V-Diabetic treated with glibenclamide (GLB) (600 μg/kg) orally. After treatment of 28 days, animals were euthanized and collected blood and liver specimens for investigations of biochemical, oxidative stress, antioxidant, and histological parameters. Outcomes of the study exhibited that STZ persuades diabetes and hepatic impairments indicated by significant raised (p<0.05) in the levels of blood glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase, (ALP), and malondialdehyde (MDA) with decreased catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GSH) enzymes activities. AV-AgNPs treatment reverted and reestablished the liver enzymes levels, antioxidant enzymes, and histological damages of the liver persuaded by STZ near to normal. In general, these results suggested that AV-AgNPs may have antioxidant potentials and proved to be hepatoprotective therefore, they could be used for the treatment of diabetic hepatopathy and other liver injuries.

Thiamine deficiency and oxidative stress induced by prolonged metronidazole therapy can explain its side effects of neurotoxicity and infertility in experimental animals: Effect of grapefruit co-therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 834-847
Author(s):  
MH Hassan ◽  
EA Awadalla ◽  
RA Ali ◽  
SS Fouad ◽  
E Abdel-Kahaar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tissue Homogenates

We aimed to explore the possible neurotoxicity and infertility mechanisms of prolonged metronidazole (MTZ) use and the effects of antioxidant grapefruit (GP) co-therapy on MTZ-induced complications. Sixty male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups ( n = 15 each). Group I (control group) received 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (27 ml/ kg/day), group II (MTZ group) received MTZ (400 mg/kg/day), group III (MTZ + GP) received MTZ (400 mg/kg/ day) plus GP juice (27 ml/kg/ day) and group IV (GP group) received GP juice (27 ml/kg) for 60 days. Semen analyses were performed. Free testosterone, gonadotrophin (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone) and thiamine levels were measured. Samples of cerebellar, testicular and epididymal tissues were used for both colorimetric assays of oxidative stress markers and histopathological examinations. Significant decreases in the sperm count, percent total sperm motility, serum thiamine levels, free testosterone levels and FSH levels were observed in the MTZ and MTZ + GP groups ( p < 0.05 for all parameters). Significantly higher oxidative stress levels ( p < 0.05) were observed in the cerebellar and testicular tissue homogenates of these groups than in those of the control group, and associated disruptions in the cerebellar, testicular and epididymal structures were apparent compared to those of the control group. Although the GP group showed a significantly higher sperm count and significantly lower oxidative stress than the control group ( p < 0.05), with histological similarity to the control group, the GP group exhibited significantly higher prolactin levels and lower free testosterone and FSH levels than the control group ( p < 0.05). Oxidative stress and decreased thiamine levels could explain the MTZ-induced neurotoxicity and infertility side effects that aggravated by GP co-administration.

Protective role of peroxiredoxin-4 in heart failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Masooma Naseem ◽  
Javeria Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Consequent Increase ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Recently, we have read with great interest the article published by Ibarrola et al. (Clin. Sci. (Lond.) (2018) 132, 1471–1485), which used proteomics and immunodetection methods to show that Galectin-3 (Gal-3) down-regulated the antioxidant peroxiredoxin-4 (Prx-4) in cardiac fibroblasts. Authors concluded that ‘antioxidant activity of Prx-4 had been identified as a protein down-regulated by Gal-3. Moreover, Gal-3 induced a decrease in total antioxidant capacity which resulted in a consequent increase in peroxide levels and oxidative stress markers in cardiac fibroblasts.’ We would like to point out some results stated in the article that need further investigation and more detailed discussion to clarify certain factors involved in the protective role of Prx-4 in heart failure.

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