scholarly journals Ephedra alte(Joint Pine): An Invasive, Problematic Weedy Species in Forestry and Fruit Tree Orchards in Jordan

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal R. Qasem
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Hedera Helix ◽  
Acacia Cyanophylla ◽  
Extensive Growth ◽  
Plant Families

A field survey was carried out to record plant species climbed byEphedra altein certain parts of Jordan during 2008–2010. Forty species of shrubs, ornamental, fruit, and forest trees belonging to 24 plant families suffered from the climbing habit ofE. alte. Growth of host plants was adversely affected byE. altegrowth that extended over their vegetation. In addition to its possible competition for water and nutrients, the extensive growth it forms over host species prevents photosynthesis, smothers growth and makes plants die underneath the extensive cover. However,E. altedid not climb all plant species, indicating a host preference range. Damaged fruit trees includedAmygdalus communis, Citrus aurantifolia, Ficus carica, Olea europaea, Opuntia ficus-indica, and Punica granatum. Forestry species that were adversely affected includedAcacia cyanophylla, Ceratonia siliqua, Crataegus azarolus, Cupressus sempervirens, Pinus halepensis, Pistacia atlantica, Pistacia palaestina, Quercus coccifera, Quercus infectoria, Retama raetam, Rhamnus palaestina, Rhus tripartita, andZizyphus spina-christi. Woody ornamentals attacked wereAilanthus altissima, Hedera helix, Jasminum fruticans, Jasminum grandiflorum, Nerium oleander, andPyracantha coccinea. Results indicated thatE. alteis a strong competitive for light and can completely smother plants supporting its growth.A. communis, F. carica, R. palaestina, andC. azaroluswere most frequently attacked.

Multi-gene analysis of Pseudocercospora spp. from Iran

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 184 (5) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounes Bakhshi ◽  
MAHDI ARZANLOU ◽  
ASADOLLAH BABAI-AHARI ◽  
JOHANNES Z. GROENEWALD ◽  
PEDRO W. CROUS
Keyword(s):  
Species Concept ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Sophora Alopecuroides ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Northern Zone ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
First Time

Species of Pseudocercospora have gained much attention in recent years owing to their phytopathogenic relevance, and worldwide occurrence on a wide range of economically important hosts. Although these fungi are common in Iran, they have generally been poorly studied and no cultures have been preserved for molecular analyses. The present paper represents the first study of Pseudocercospora species from Iran evaluated by employing the Consolidated Species Concept. Nineteen isolates were obtained from seven host plant families in the northern zone of Iran. A phylogenetic analysis based on a combination of LSU, ITS, TEF1-α and ACT loci clustered these isolates into eight clades, of which five are phylogenetically new, delineating two novel species, viz. P. mazandaranensis on Nerium oleander and P. sophoricola on Sophora alopecuroides. Furthermore, P. punicae is recorded on a wild-grown cultivar of Punica granatum, and two additional species reported, namely Pseudocercospora sp. A on Phaseolus vulgaris and Pseudocercospora sp. B on Diospyros lotus. Pseudocercospora norchiensis is recorded for the first time in Asia, where it occurs on a wide host range, contrary to most other species of Pseudocercospora, which appear to be highly host specific.

Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional oleh Etnis Sangihe di Kepulauan Sangihe Bagian Selatan, Sulawesi Utara (The Usage of Traditional Medicinal Plants by Sangihe Ethnic in the Southern Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Chrisye Yustitia Pelokang ◽  
Roni Koneri ◽  
Deidy Katili
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Families

Abstrak Tumbuhan obat merupakan tumbuhan yang menghasilkan satu atau lebih komponen aktif yang dipercaya oleh penduduk berkhasiat obat sehingga dimanfaatkan dalam pengobatan tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkaji spesies tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai obat tradisional oleh Etnis Sangihe di Kepulauan Sangihe bagian Selatan, Sulawesi Utara. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terstruktur  yang diajukan kepada pengobat tradisional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya 38 spesies dari 25 famili tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai tumbuhan obat oleh Etnis Sangihe bagian Selatan. Herba merupakan habitus tumbuhan yang banyak dimanfaatkan untuk bahan pengobatan. Bagian tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan sebagai obat yaitu daun. Cara pengolahan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah direbus. Jenis penyakit yang dapat diobati dengan tumbuhan obat sebanyak 22 jenis penyakit. Kata kunci: tumbuhan obat, obat tradisional, habitus, Kepulauan Sangihe Bagian Selatan Abstract             Medicinal plants are plants that produce one or more active components that are believed by local people as medicinal plants for traditional medicine practices. This study aimed to identify and to assess the plant species that used as traditional medicine by the Sangihe Ethnic in the Southern Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi. Data collection was conducted by structured interviews to the indigenous medical practitioners. The results showed that 38 plant species from 25 plant families were used as medicinal plants by the Southern Sangihe Ethnic people. Herbs were plant habitus that were widely used for medicinal ingredients. The leaves were widely used as medicinal plant materials. Boiling was the most processing method for preparing medicinal herbs. There were 22 types of diseases that could be treated using medicinal plants. Keywords: medicinal plants, traditional medicine, habitus, Southern Sangihe Islands

scholarly journals Big hitting collectors make massive and disproportionate contribution to the discovery of plant species

2012 ◽  
Vol 279 (1736) ◽  
pp. 2269-2274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Bebber ◽  
Mark A. Carine ◽  
Gerrit Davidse ◽  
David J. Harris ◽  
Elspeth M. Haston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Fundamental Goal ◽  
The World ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
The Right ◽  
Geographical Locations

Discovering biological diversity is a fundamental goal—made urgent by the alarmingly high rate of extinction. We have compiled information from more than 100 000 type specimens to quantify the role of collectors in the discovery of plant diversity. Our results show that more than half of all type specimens were collected by less than 2 per cent of collectors. This highly skewed pattern has persisted through time. We demonstrate that a number of attributes are associated with prolific plant collectors: a long career with increasing productivity and experience in several countries and plant families. These results imply that funding a small number of expert plant collectors in the right geographical locations should be an important element in any effective strategy to find undiscovered plant species and complete the inventory of the world flora.

Gloniopsis praelonga. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Hayova
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Hedera Helix ◽  
Buxus Sempervirens

Abstract A description is given for Gloniopsis praelonga. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Zambia, Canada (British Columbia), Mexico, USA (Alabama, California, Florida, Illinois, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia), Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, China (Hubei), India (Karnataka, Tamil Nadu), Pakistan, Taiwan, Azores, Australia (Australian Capital Territory, Queensland), New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Gibraltar, Germany, Greece, Irish Republic, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Russia (Leningradskaya oblast), Spain and UK), hosts (Acacia filiculoides, Acacia mearnsii, Acacia sp., Acer campestre, Acer pseudoplatanus, Acer sp., Alnus sp., Andromeda sp., Arbutus menziesii, Arbutus unedo, Arctostaphylos tracyi, Arctostaphylos sp., Aronia sp., Arundo donax, Atalantia sp., Azalia sp., Bambusa sp., Poaceae, Berchemia scandens, Berchemia sp., Betula pendula, Betula sp., Buddleja sp., Buxus sempervirens, Calicotome spinosa, Calluna vulgaris, Carya tomentosa, Carya sp., Castanea sativa, Castanea sp., Catalpa bignonioides, Catalpa sp., Ceanothus sp., Chamaerops sp., Cistus salviifolius, Cistus sp., Cladium jamaicense, Coccoloba ewifera, Combretum zeyheri, Combretum sp., Cornus sp., Corylus avellana, Corylus colurna, Corylus sp., Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Crataegus sp., Duvaua longifolia, Erica arborea, Ericaceae indet., Eucalyptus coccifera, E. globulus, Eucalyptus sp., Fagus sylvatica, Fagus sp., Francoa sonchifolia, Rhamnus frangula, Fraxinus excelsior, Fraxinus ornus, Fraxinus sp., Poaceae indet., Hedera helix, Hedera sp., Hippophae rhamnoides, Ilex aquifolium, Ilex sp., Jasminum sp., Juglans cinerea, Juniperus sp., Lavandula stoechas, Leucothoe axillaris, Ligustrum japonicum, Ligustrum vulgare, Ligustrum sp., Lithocarpus sp., Lonicera periclymenum, Lonicera sp., Malus sylvestris, Malus sp., Melia azedarach, Metrosideros robusta, Myrica gale, Myrtus communis, Ostrya sp., Prunus persica var. persica, Phormium tenax, Phragmites australis, Pinus halepensis, Pinus pinaster, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus sp., Pittosporum sp., Plantae indet., Populus alba, Populus sp., Prunus spinosa, Prunus sp., Malus domestica, Malus fusca, Quercus agrifolia, Q. alba, Q. ilex, Q. petraea, Q. robur, Quercus sp., Rhamnus sp., Rhododendron ponticum, Rhododendron sp., Robinia pseudoacacia, Robinia sp., Rosa arvensis, Rosa canina, Rosa sp., Rosaceae indet., Rubus fruticosus, Rubus idaeus, Rubus inermis, Rubus sp., Sabal palmetto, Salix caprea, Salix fragilis, Salix sp., Sambucus nigra, Sambucus sp., Sequoia sp., Serenoa repens, Smilax aspera, Sorbus sp., Spiraea canescens, Spiraea sp., Symphoricarpos albus, Trachycarpus fortunei, Ulex europaeus, Ulex sp., Ulmus procera, Ulmus sp., Vaccinium glabrum, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Vaccinium sp., Verbascum sp., Viburnum lantana, Viburnum opulus, Viburnum sp., Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris, Vitis sp., Xanthorrhoea sp. and Xolisma ferruginea) and associated fungi (Actinocladium rhodosporum, Ascochyta deformis, Circinotrichum olivaceum, Clypeosphaeria mamillana, Dasyscypha cerina, Farlowiella carmichaeliana, Glonium lineare, Herpotrichiella sp., Hysterium angustatum, Keissleriella caudata, Lophiostoma ulicis, Metasphaeria longispora, Orbilia alnea, Phaeostalagmus cyclosporus, Lophiostoma compressum, Pleospora sp., Pseudospiropes obclavatus, Strossmayeria atriseda, Strossmayeria bakeriana, Sporothrix ghanensis, Taeniolina scripta, Valsa ceratophora and Zygosporium gibbum).

scholarly journals Sephadex® LH-20, Isolation, and Purification of Flavonoids from Plant Species: A Comprehensive Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4146
Author(s):  
Javad Mottaghipisheh ◽  
Marcello Iriti
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Pure Methanol

Flavonoids are considered one of the most diverse phenolic compounds possessing several valuable health benefits. The present study aimed at gathering all correlated reports, in which Sephadex® LH-20 (SLH) has been utilized as the final step to isolate or purify of flavonoid derivatives among all plant families. Overall, 189 flavonoids have been documented, while the majority were identified from the Asteraceae, Moraceae, and Poaceae families. Application of SLH has led to isolate 79 flavonols, 63 flavones, and 18 flavanones. Homoisoflavanoids, and proanthocyanidins have only been isolated from the Asparagaceae and Lauraceae families, respectively, while the Asteraceae was the richest in flavones possessing 22 derivatives. Six flavones, four flavonols, three homoisoflavonoids, one flavanone, a flavanol, and an isoflavanol have been isolated as the new secondary metabolites. This technique has been able to isolate quercetin from 19 plant species, along with its 31 derivatives. Pure methanol and in combination with water, chloroform, and dichloromethane have generally been used as eluents. This comprehensive review provides significant information regarding to remarkably use of SLH in isolation and purification of flavonoids from all the plant families; thus, it might be considered an appreciable guideline for further phytochemical investigation of these compounds.

Plant diversity of Ghorkhod Protected Area, NE Iran

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 249 (1) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
FARSHID MEMARIANI ◽  
MOHAMMAD REZA JOHARCHI ◽  
HOSSEIN AKHANI
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Ne Iran

Ghorkhod Protected Area (GPA) is located in a transitional zone among different biogeographical units in North Khorassan Province, NE Iran. The study area is mainly a mountainous region in western extensions of Khorassan-Kopet Dagh floristic province. We investigated the floristic composition, life form spectrum and phytogeography of the study area through several random collection efforts and 200 vegetation samples (reléves) in selected vegetation types during 2007–2012. A total of 663 vascular plant species belonging to 367 genera and 81 families are recorded as native and naturalized in GPA. Angiosperms and Dicots are among the most diverse plant groups. The richest plant families are Asteraceae (88 species), Poaceae (78), Lamiaceae (45), Brassicaceae (43), Fabaceae (38), and Caryophyllaceae (32). The genera Allium L. (17 species), Astragalus L. (15) and Cousinia Cass. (12) are the richest ones, however, the majority of the species belongs to oligotypic and monotypic genera. Life form spectrum of the study area is dominated by hemicryptophytes (38.9%) and therophytes (23.4%). Allium transvestiens Vved., Agropyron desertorum Schult., Helictotrichon turcomanicum Czopanov and Piptatherum latifolium (Roshev.) Nevski are recorded as new to Iran. The core flora of the area has the Irano-Turanian origin. However, the wide-range and widespread elements are also well represented in the study area. GPA is inhabited by several endemic, rare and narrow-range plant species, indicating the biodiversity importance of the study area in NE Iran.

scholarly journals Diversity and composition of plant species in the forest over limestone of Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape, Bohol, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilbert Aureo ◽  
Tomas Reyes ◽  
Francis Carlo Mutia ◽  
Reizl Jose ◽  
Mary Beth Sarnowski
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Accumulation Curve ◽  
Representative Species ◽  
Special Area ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Management And Conservation

Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape (RSPL), considered the last frontier within the Central Visayas region, is an ideal location for flora and fauna research due to its rich biodiversity. This recent study was conducted to determine the plant species composition and diversity and to select priority areas for conservation to update management strategy. A field survey was carried out in fifteen (15) 20 m x 100 m nested plots established randomly in the forest over limestone of RSPL from July to October 2019. Three hundred and sixty eight (368) species of plants were identified up to species level. This represented 327 angiosperms, one gymnosperm and 40 pteridophytes. Common plant families with more than 10 representative species were Moraceae, Meliaceae, Lauraceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Annonaceae, Araceae and Lauraceae. There were 93 (28%) endemic and 46 (14%) threatened species (vulnerable to critically endangered) observed. The cluster analysis and species accumulation curve suggests that plant species are not homogeneously distributed which implies that different management and conservation strategies should be implemented across RSPL. These results not only indicate the importance of RSPL, but also highlights areas with higher diversity and concentration of threatened and endemic species as a special area of concern. Furthermore, areas with high biodiversity value were recommended for immediate protection, while areas with low biodiversity value were recommended for reforestation programmes using species with high importance value.

scholarly journals Cell–cell adhesion in plant grafting is facilitated by β-1,4-glucanases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michitaka Notaguchi ◽  
Ken-ichi Kurotani ◽  
Yoshikatsu Sato ◽  
Ryo Tabata ◽  
Yaichi Kawakatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Living Tissue ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Extracellular Region ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Graft Interface ◽  
Cell Cell

Plant grafting is conducted for vegetative propagation in plants, whereby a piece of living tissue is attached to another tissue through establishment of cell–cell adhesion. Plant grafting has a long history in agriculture and has been applied to improve crop traits for thousands of years1. Plant grafting has mostly relied on the natural ability of a plant for wound healing. However, the compatibility of cell–cell adhesion typically limits graft combinations to closely related species2–4, and the mechanism by which cell–cell adhesion of injured tissues is established is largely unknown. Here, we show that a subclade of β-1,4-glucanases secreted into the extracellular region facilitates cell–cell adhesion near the graft interface. Nicotiana shows a propensity for cell–cell adhesion with a diverse range of angiosperms, including vegetables, fruit trees, and monocots, in which cell wall reconstruction was promoted in a similar manner to conventional intrafamily grafting5–7. Using transcriptomic approaches, we identified a specific clade of β-1,4-glucanases that is upregulated during grafting in successful graft combinations but not in incompatible grafts and precedes graft adhesion in inter- and intrafamily grafts. Grafting was facilitated with an overexpressor of the β-1,4-glucanase and, using Nicotiana stem as an interscion, we produced tomato fruits on rootstocks from other plant families. Our results demonstrate that the mechanism of cell–cell adhesion is partly conserved in plants and is a potential target to enhance plant grafting techniques.

scholarly journals Effect of rejuvenation pruning on the growth, productivity and disease incidence in declining trees of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. Kandhari Kabuli

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 358-362
Author(s):  
D. P. Sharma ◽  
Niranjan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Disease Attack ◽  
Punica Granatum L

Pruning of fruit trees is an important aspect for the improvement of fruit quality and to minimize the pests and disease attack. Pruning was performed in the month of December in seven year old unpruned trees of Punica granatum cv. Knadhdri Kabuli having many interfering branching and a heavy infestation of bacterial blight orchard. The pruning treatments viz., T1: Retention of 15cm fruiting shoot length, T2: Retention of 30cm fruiting shoot length, T3: Retention of 45cm fruiting shoot length, T4: Retention of 60cm fruiting shoot length and T5: control (No heading back and no thinning) plant. The results of the present investigation revealed that among different pruning treatment, the best results in terms of shoot extension (56.34 cm), fruit size (Diameter 9.66 cm and Length 9.65 cm, fruit weight (278.50 g), marketable yield (10.25 kg) and fruit qualities were in fruits from T1 and T2 where retention of 15cm fruiting shoot length respectively and retention of 30cm fruiting shoot length were maintained. However, maximum fruit set (54.73%) was recorded in control, and it decreased with increasing pruning intensity. The pruning treatments also proved beneficial in controlling bacterial blight on fruit (12.86%) and leaf surface (26.60%) to some extent.

scholarly journals The World Flora Online 2020 project: will Cameroon come up to the expectation?

Rodriguésia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Michel Onana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
West African ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
The World ◽  
Data Book ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
High Level

Abstract Biodiverse Cameroon has been highlighted as the top country in tropical Africa for plant species diversity per degree square, with a higher diversity than all other West African countries added together, and including two of the top documented centres of plant diversity in Tropical Africa. Despite its reduced taxonomic capacity, with only six active taxonomists a high level of botanical activity in the country has resulted in accomplishments such as the databasing of the YA Herbarium (over 60,000 records), which has an in-country collection coverage of almost 95% of the known plant species that are recorded for Cameroon. Other accomplishments are the Red Data Book of the Flowering Plants of Cameroon, several local checklists and published volumes of the Flore du Cameroun which covers 37% of the country's species. Currently the checklist of Cameroon records 7,850 taxa at species and infraspecific level. Resources are needed to support and heighten the profile of this small botanical community. Already thanks to strong collaboration between Cameroon and renowned botanical institutes of others countries, in particular France and United Kingdom, one hundred and thirteen plant families have been published and would help this country to complete the recording of its biodiversity towards contributing to the World Flora Online 2020 project.

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