scholarly journals Identification and Mechanism ofEchinochloa crus-galliResistance to Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl with respect to Physiological and Anatomical Differences

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amany Hamza ◽  
Aly Derbalah ◽  
Mohamed El-Nady
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Xylem Vessel ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Lamina Thickness ◽  
Active Concentration ◽  
Target Enzyme

Identification and mechanism ofEchinochloa crus-galli(L.) resistance to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl via physiological and anatomical differences between susceptible and resistant were investigated. The physiological and anatomical differences that were take into account were growth reduction, chlorophyll content reduction, lamina thickness, and xylem vessel diameter in both susceptible and resistant biotypes ofE. crus-galli. The results showed that the growth reduction fifty (GR50) of resistant biotype was 12.07-times higher than that of the susceptible biotype ofE. crus-gallitreated with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl. The chlorophyll content was highly reduced in the susceptible biotype relative to the resistant one ofE. crus-gallitreated with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl. An anatomical test showed significant differences in the cytology of susceptible and resistant biotypes ofE. crus-gallitreated with fenoxaprop-p-ethyl with respect to lamina thickness and xylem vessel diameter. The resistance ofE. crus-gallito fenoxaprop-p-ethyl may be due to the faster metabolism of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl below the physiologically active concentration or the insensitivity of its target enzyme (Acetyl-CoA carboxylase).

scholarly journals Echinochloa Colonum Resistance to Bispyribac-Soduim in Egypt - Occurrence and Identification

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed El-Nady ◽  
Amany Hamza ◽  
Aly Derbalah
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Protein Analysis ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Xylem Vessel ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Lamina Thickness ◽  
Active Concentration

Echinochloa ColonumResistance to Bispyribac-Soduim in Egypt - Occurrence and IdentificationIdentification and mechanism ofEchinochloa colonum(L.) resistance to bispyribac-soduim via physiological and anatomical differences between susceptible and resistant biotypes was investigated. The physiological and anatomical differences that were take into account were growth reduction, chlorophyll content reduction, protein analysis, lamina thickness and xylem vessel diameter in both susceptible and resistant biotypes ofE. colonum.The results showed the growth reduction fifty (GR50) of resistant biotype was 10.2 times higher than that of the susceptible biotypeE. colonumtreated with bispyribac-soduim. The chlorophyll content was highly reduced in the susceptible biotype relative to the resistant one ofE. colonumtreated with bispyribac-soduim. An anatomical test showed significant differences in the cytology of susceptible and resistant biotypes ofE. colonumtreated with bispyribac-soduim with respect to lamina thickness and xylem vessel diameter. Furthermore, leaf protein analysis showed significant differences between the susceptible and resistant biotypes ofE. colonumin the number and the density of protein bands. The resistance ofE. colonumto bispyribac-soduim may be due to the faster metabolism of bispyribac-soduim below the physiologically active concentration or the insensitivity of its target enzyme, (acetolactate synthase). These results implied the occurrence ofE. colonumresistance to bispyribac-soduim in Egypt and provide conclusive evidence that a single resistance mechanism alone cannot explain insensitivity inE. colonumto bispyribac-soduim.

Mode of Action of Herbicides Affecting Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase and Fatty Acid Biosynthesis

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut K. Lichtenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Acid Herbicides ◽  
Target Enzyme

The mode of action of cyclohexane-l,3-dione-type (cycloxydim, clethodim, sethoxydim, tralkoxydim) and aryloxyphenoxypropanoate-type herbicides (diclofop, fenoxaprop, haloxyfop, fluazifop) is summarized in this review. Both herbicide classes, though structurally completely different, specifically block the same target enzyme i.e. the plastid acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) (EC 6.4.1.2). Most members of the Poaceae are sensitive towards both herbicide groups, whereas other monocotyledonous plants as well as the dicotyledonous plants appear to be resistant. This resistance, which can be found on the level of whole plants, in isolated chloroplasts and also on the level of ACC-enzyme preparations, is apparently due to a modification of the target enzyme ACC. Within the sensitive grass family some members (Festuca and Poa species) are partially tolerant against both graminicide groups. In the case of cyclohexanedione herbicides the tolerance seems to be due to a reduced sensitivity of the target enzyme. In the case of aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid herbicides the tolerance is apparently based on a combined action of cytoplasmic factors (metabolization?) and a slightly reduced sensitivity of the target enzyme. From differences in the sensitivity of certain grasses against the two herbicide classes it is concluded that both graminicide groups bind to the same binding domaine of the ACC enzyme but possess different subsites. The consequences of the block of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in the plastids of sensitive plants is the lack of glycerolipid and biomembrane formation which finally causes cell death in the meristematic tissues.

The role of rice bran extract on acetyl CoA carboxylase in liver of rats fed a high-fat diet

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Charkhonpunya ◽  
S Sireeratawong ◽  
S Komindr ◽  
N Lerdvuthisopon
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Rice Bran Extract

scholarly journals Polymer-protomer transition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase occurs in vivo and varies with nutritional conditions.

1980 ◽  
Vol 255 (21) ◽  
pp. 10033-10035
Author(s):  
B.A. Ashcraft ◽  
W.S. Fillers ◽  
S.L. Augustine ◽  
S.D. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Nutritional Conditions
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