scholarly journals Exhaled Breath Condensate: A Promising Source for Biomarkers of Lung Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liang ◽  
Samantha M. Yeligar ◽  
Lou Ann S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Reduced And Oxidized Glutathione ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Breath Condensate ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Derivatives

Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) has been increasingly studied as a noninvasive research method for sampling the alveolar and airway space and is recognized as a promising source of biomarkers of lung diseases. Substances measured in EBC include oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators, such as arachidonic acid derivatives, reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, reduced and oxidized glutathione, and inflammatory cytokines. Although EBC has great potential as a source of biomarkers in many lung diseases, the low concentrations of compounds within the EBC present challenges in sample collection and analysis. Although EBC is viewed as a noninvasive method for sampling airway lining fluid (ALF), validation is necessary to confirm that EBC truly represents the ALF. Likewise, a dilution factor for the EBC is needed in order to compare across subjects and determine changes in the ALF. The aims of this paper are to address the characteristics of EBC; strategies to standardize EBC sample collection and review available analytical techniques for EBC analysis.

scholarly journals Exhaled Breath Condensate: Pilot Study of the Method and Initial Experience in Healthy Subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Eva Peterová ◽  
Jaroslav Chládek ◽  
Darina Kohoutová ◽  
Veronika Knoblochová ◽  
Paula Morávková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Initial Experience ◽  
Major Disadvantage ◽  
Breath Condensate

Analysis of Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a re-discovered approach to monitoring the course of the disease and reduce invasive methods of patient investigation. However, the major disadvantage and shortcoming of the EBC is lack of reliable and reproducible standardization of the method. Despite many articles published on EBC, until now there is no clear consensus on whether the analysis of EBC can provide a clue to diagnosis of the diseases. The purpose of this paper is to investigate our own method, to search for possible standardization and to obtain our own initial experience. Thirty healthy volunteers provided the EBC, in which we monitored the density, pH, protein, chloride and urea concentration. Our results show that EBC pH is influenced by smoking, and urea concentrations are affected by the gender of subjects. Age of subjects does not play a role. The smallest coefficient of variation between individual volunteers is for density determination. Current limitations of EBC measurements are the low concentration of many biomarkers. Standardization needs to be specific for each individual biomarker, with focusing on optimal condensate collection. EBC analysis has a potential become diagnostic test, not only for lung diseases.

scholarly journals Metallic elements in exhaled breath condensate of patients with interstitial lung diseases

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 046003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Corradi ◽  
Olga Acampa ◽  
Matteo Goldoni ◽  
Elena Adami ◽  
Pietro Apostoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Breath Condensate

scholarly journals Investigation of pH of the exhaled breath condensate in inflammatory lung diseases

2005 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
E. Kh. Anaev ◽  
S. N. Avdeev ◽  
A. G. Chuchalin
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring ◽  
Breath Condensate

Investigation of inflammatory markers in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a non-invasive method for evaluation and monitoring of bronchopulmonary inflammation. Endogenous oxidative processes in the airways can be evaluated by pH measurement in the EBC. We examined 153 healthy volunteers (of them, 51 smokers) and 615 patients with lung pathology (of them, 131 asthma (BA) patients, 205 COPD patients, 43 patients with bronchiectasis, 72 patients with idiopathic lung fibrosis (ILF), 142 pneumonia patients, and 42 cystic fibrosis patients). EBC was collected with ECoScreen equipment (Erich Jaeger, Germany) using a standardized method. The EBC pH was measured using the f32 PH-meter (Beckman, USA) with a glass microelectrode. The average ECB pH was 6.16 ± 0.52 in BA, 6.35 ± 0.56 in COPD, 6.13 ± 0.46 in bronchiectasis, 5.98 ± 0.30 in ILF, 5.96 ± 0.37 in pneumonia, and 6.35 ± 0.23 in cystic fibrosis. It was significantly lower than in the healthy volunteers (6.97 ± 0.31, р < 0.0001). In patients with exacerbation of BA and COPD ECB pH was considerably lower compared with those in stable condition. A reliable growth of pH was noted in pneumonia patients after treatment of the disease. There was a correlation between ECB pH and severity of fibrotic and inflammatory disorders of lung tissue according to HRCT (r = –0.62, p = 0.01), lung diffusing capacity (r = 0.51, p = 0.01), Tiffeneau index (r = 0.68, p = 0.004) in ILF. Therefore, the ECB pH is a distinct marker of the airway inflammatory severity in lung pathology. The ECB pH monitoring can assess the inflammatory activity and efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapy in lung diseases.

scholarly journals Effect of Salt-Bromide-Iodine Thermal Water Inhalation on Functional and Biochemical Lung Parameters

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Corradi ◽  
Giuseppina Folesani ◽  
Petra Gergelova ◽  
Matteo Goldoni ◽  
Silvana Pinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Thermal Water ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Breath Condensate ◽  
Biomarkers Of Effect

Background. Inhalation of thermal water has been used empirically in the treatment of chronic diseases of upper and lower respiratory tract. This study investigates biomarkers of effect in exhaled breath (nitric oxide (NO)) and in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) (hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), anions, toxic heavy metals of tobacco smoke) for patients with lung diseases inhaling salt-bromide-iodine thermal water. Methods. This study enrolled two groups of patients, twenty with alveolar pulmonary diseases—pneumoconiosis—twenty-two with bronchial diseases. Patients received 12 days inhalation treatment with thermal water in Terme of Monticelli (Parma), Italy. Results. No statistically significant differences were found for NO at different flow rates in both groups of patients before and after thermal water inhalation. Also in EBC no statistically significant differences were present for H2O2 concentrations, toxic heavy metals concentrations, and anion concentrations before and after treatment. Nitrates in EBC were found to be significantly higher in patients before inhalation than in controls as well as in patients after inhalation versus controls. Conclusions. This study contributes to better quantify functional and biochemical changes in airways before and after thermal water treatment.

scholarly journals A Review of the Usefulness of Non-invasive Exhaled Breath Condensate pH Analysis for Diseases Diagnosis with Elements of Meta-analysis: An Update from 2012

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Muża ◽  
Lucyna Konieczna ◽  
Tomasz Bączek
Keyword(s):  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Interest In Research ◽  
Biomarker Evaluation ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Breath Condensate ◽  
Widespread Interest

Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) sample analysis is an entirely non-invasive novel sample collection method that is fast, easy to perform, and effort-appeared independent. EBC samples can be very useful in identifying the biomarkers of many diseases. This review provides an updated overview of EBC pH disturbances in different disorders as well as physiological levels among healthy individuals since 2012. Our meta-analysis addresses some of the key questions related to sample processing before pH measurement and discusses various methods of condensate standardization that can be employed prior to conducting a pH assay. Given the recent widespread interest in research into the use of EBC to identify biomarkers, it is necessary to establish a pathway leading from analytical methods for biomarker evaluation using EBC pH to clinical applications of this technology. This review fills a gap in the literature and attempts to connect theory to practical analytical approaches to analyzing EBC samples and making critical treatment-related decisions next to the patient's bed.

Diagnosis of lung diseases based on proteomic analysis of exhaled breath condensate

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eldar Anaev ◽  
Miyasat Kushaeva ◽  
Kristina Fedorchenko ◽  
Anna Ryabokon` ◽  
Alexey Kononikhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Breath Condensate
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