scholarly journals Misuse of Statistical Methods in 10 Leading Chinese Medical Journals in 1998 and 2008

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 2106-2114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunquan Wu ◽  
Zhichao Jin ◽  
Xin Wei ◽  
Qingbin Gao ◽  
Jian Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Common Error ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pair Wise Comparison ◽  
Made In

Statistical methods are vital to biomedical research. Our aim was to find out whether progress has been made in the last decade in the use of statistical methods in Chinese medical research. We reviewed 10 leading Chinese medical journals published in 1998 and in 2008. Regarding statistical methods, using a multiplet-test for multiple group comparison was the most common error in thet-test in both years, which significantly decreased in 2008. In contingency tables, no significant level adjustment for multiple comparison significantly decreased in 2008. In ANOVA, over a quarter of articles misused the method of multiple pair-wise comparison in both years, and no significant difference was seen between the two years. In the rank transformation nonparametric test, the error of using multiple pair-wise comparison for multiple group comparison became less common. Many mistakes were found in the randomised controlled trial (56.3% in 1998; 67.9% in 2008), non- randomised clinical trial (57.3%; 58.6%), basic science study (72.9%; 65.5%), case study or case series study (48.4%; 47.2%), and cross-sectional study (57.1%; 44.2%). Progress has been made in the use of statistical methods in Chinese medical journals, but much is yet to be done.

scholarly journals Prediction accuracy of standard and total keratometry by swept-source optical biometer for multifocal intraocular lens power calculation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hun Lee ◽  
Jae Lim Chung ◽  
Young Jun Kim ◽  
Jae Yong Kim ◽  
Hungwon Tchah
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Intraocular Lenses ◽  
Power Calculation ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Refractive Outcomes ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Optical Biometer

AbstractWe aimed to compare the refractive outcomes of cataract surgery with diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) using standard keratometry (K) and total keratometry (TK). In this retrospective observational case series study, a total of 302 patients who underwent cataract surgery with multifocal IOL implantation were included. Predicted refractive outcomes were calculated based on the current standard formulas and a new formula developed for TK using K and TK, which were obtained from a swept-source optical biometer. At 2-month postoperatively, median absolute prediction errors (MedAEs) and proportion of eyes within ± 0.50 diopters (D) of predicted postoperative spherical equivalent (SE) refraction were analyzed. There was no significant difference between MedAEs or proportion of eyes within ± 0.50D of predicted refraction from K and TK in each formula. In TFNT00 and 839MP IOL cases, there was no difference between MedAEs from K and TK using any formula. In 829MP IOL cases, MedAE from TK was significantly larger than that from K in Barrett Universal II/Barrett TK Universal II (P = 0.033). In 677MY IOL cases, MedAE from TK was significantly larger than that from K in Haigis (P = 0.020) and Holladay 2 (P = 0.006) formulas. In the subgroup analysis for IOL, there was no difference between the proportion of eyes within ± 0.50 D of predicted refraction from K and TK using any formula. TFNT00 and 839MP IOLs were favorable with TK, with 677MY IOL with K and 829MP IOL being in a neutral position, which necessitates the study that investigates the accuracy of the new TK technology.

scholarly journals Anatomical and Visual Effects of Implantable Phakic Contact Lens on Correction of Myopia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ekram ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Kamal Elshafei ◽  
Asmaa Anwar Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Farouk Sayed Othman Abdelkader
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the anatomical effects of implantable phakic contact lens (IPCL) (Care Group, India) on anterior segment and its visual outcomes .Patients and methods: In a prospective interventional case series study, 60 highly myopic eyes of 32 patients were subjected to IPCL implantation in the Ophthalmology Department of Minia University Hospital, Egypt from January 2019 to June 2021. All patients had complete ophthalmic examination and were followed up for 1 year. Pentacam was used for preoperative and postoperative estimation of anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and IPCL vault in the 1st, 3rd, and 12th months. Assessment of corneal endothelium was done using specular microscope preoperatively and after 12 months. Preoperative and postoperative refraction and visual acuity were measured. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in ACD, ACA, and ACV. There was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative mean intraocular pressure (IOP) by the 12th month (P=0.163). The mean preoperative endothelial cell count (ECD) was significantly reduced from 2929.3±248 cells/mm2 to 2737.9±303 cells/mm2 at the 12th month (P<0.001). with a statistically highly significant improvement of mean Log Mar uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) from 1.48±0.19 preoperatively to 0.46±0.11 by the end of follow up (P<0.001) with insignificant difference between preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and postoperative UCVA (P=0.209). In the 12th month, the mean vault was 240±540 μm. No sight threatening complications occurred.Conclusion: Although IPCL induced anatomical changes, it was safe and effective for correction of high myopia.

scholarly journals Depressive disorders in patients with pharmaco-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 752-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Borges Gonçalves ◽  
Tania Aparecida Marchiori de Oliveira Cardoso ◽  
Clarissa Lin Yasuda ◽  
Fernando Cendes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe

Objectives To assess depressive disorders in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) refractory to medical treatment. Methods Adult patients with refractory MTLE completed two questionnaires (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) had a semi-structured psychiatric interview and a high resolution MRI scan. For complete neuropsychiatric diagnosis, as per International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), the results were combined with clinical history and additional information from the patients’ family. Results Of the 40 patients identified for this case series study which took place from 2008–2012, 31 (77.5%) had a depressive disorder: 14 had dysthymia, 11 had recurrent depressive disorder and 6 had bipolar disorder. Of the nine patients without a firm diagnosis of mood disorder, seven had isolated symptoms of depression or anxiety and two presented with mixed depression/anxiety symptoms. Only 8/31 (25.8%) patients were receiving antidepressant treatment. There was no association between BDI scores and seizure frequency. No significant difference was found between patients with and without depression and the presence or laterality of HA. Conclusions Depressive disorders are common, underdiagnosed and undertreated in patients with refractory MTLE.

Stability of corneal topography and aberrometry after hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis with a 500-Hz excimer laser platform: A 3-year follow-up study

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1238-1245
Author(s):  
Ana B Plaza-Puche ◽  
Verónica Vargas ◽  
Pilar Yébana ◽  
Samuel Arba ◽  
Jorge L Alio
Keyword(s):  
Excimer Laser ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Corneal Topography ◽  
Laser In Situ Keratomileusis ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Optical Zone

Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the long-term stability of the corneal topography, the functional optical zone, and the refractive stability throughout 3 years following laser in situ keratomileusis surgery for hyperopia using a 500-Hz excimer laser system. Methods: This retrospective consecutive observational case series study comprised 66 eyes that underwent laser in situ keratomileusis to correct hyperopia with a postoperative follow-up of 3 years. Laser in situ keratomileusis procedures were performed using the SCHWIND Amaris 500-Hz excimer laser. Main outcomes measured were stability of the functional optical zone at corneal topography and corneal aberrometry. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in simulated keratometry (K2 (steep meridian) and Km (mean keratometry)) between 3 and 36 months postoperatively ( p ⩽ 0.01); these differences disappeared at 12 and 36 months ( p ⩾ 0.18). No statistically significant changes were observed in the horizontal and vertical diameter of the functional optical zone throughout the whole follow-up ( p ⩾ 0.07). A statistically significant difference was found in the spherical aberration between 3 and 36 months ( p = 0.02); this difference disappeared when compared between 12 and 36 months ( p = 0.72). Statistically significant correlations were detected between the vertical functional optical zone and coma root mean square ( r = –0.510, p < 0.01) and between the vertical functional optical zone and spherical aberration ( r = 0.441, p = 0.02) 36 months after surgery. Conclusion: Following 3 years of hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis with a 500-Hz Amaris excimer laser, keratometry, functional optical zone, and corneal aberrations remain stable from 1 year after surgery. Topographical regression is not observed in hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis with this excimer laser technology from 1 year after surgery.

scholarly journals The Use of Statistics in Medical Research: A Comparison of Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift andWiener Medizinische Wochenschrift

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Strasak ◽  
Qamruz Zaman ◽  
Gerhard Marinell ◽  
Karl P. Pfeiffer ◽  
Hanno Ulmer
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Medical Journals ◽  
Statistical Quality ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Item Checklist ◽  
Published Research

To evaluate the quantity and quality of the use of statistics in Austrian medical journals, all “original research” papers in No. 116/1-12 of Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift (WKW) and 153/1-24, 154/1-24 of Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift(WMW) were screened for their statistical content. Types, frequencies and complexity of statistical methods applied weresystematically recorded. A 46-item checklist was used to evaluate statistical quality for a subgroup of papers. 74.3% of WKW papers contained inferential methods beyond descriptive statistics. Only 43.7% of WMW papers employed methods of inferential statistics. There was a statistical significant difference regarding the use of statistical methods between the two journals (p = 0:009). In addition, complexity and sophistication of statistical analysis was considerable higher for WKW papers (p = 0:02). Statistical errorsand deficiencies were identified in a large proportion of papers. Although inferential statistics were frequently identified in papers from WKW, only a minority of WMW research had analytical character. Types and frequencies of statistical errors identified, did not vary meaningful from findings of similar studies for a wide range of medical journals. There is reason to assume, that the journal impact-factor does not seem to be a powerful predictor for the statistical quality of published research.

scholarly journals MUTU ORGANOLEPTIK COOKIES DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG BEKATUL DAN IKAN KEMBUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Nadimin Nadimin ◽  
Sirajuddin Sirajuddin ◽  
Nuraliah Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quality Difference ◽  
Made In ◽  
Color Texture

Additional food should use inexpensive and reasonably-available local foodstuffs such as bran and mackerel. Bekatul has a nutrient producing nutrients that are high enough but not yet utilized optimally. While bloating is an essential source of protein and fatty acids that are essential for growth. This research aims to determine the quality of organoleptik Cookies add starch and pufferfish.Research using the design of group comparison design, comparing the quality of the original including Cookies (F1) and cookies replenishment of rice bran and pufferfish (F2). Organoleptik quality is assessed sensory based on the favorite level of panelist against the color, texture, aroma and flavor aspects. The favorite level is made in six levels ranging from dislikes to very very fond (score 1-6). Data analysis using the Mann Whitney U test.Panelis who liked the color of cookies F1 62.9% and cookies F2 57.1%, liked the texture of cookies F1 65.7% and cookies F2 65.7%. Panelist who likes to aroma cookies F1 85.7% and cookies F2 54.3% and likes to taste cookies F1 82.9% and cookies F2 62.9%. There is no quality difference organoleptik between the F1 cookies and cookies F2 of the color aspects (P = 0,511) and texture (P = 0,787). There is a significant difference in the quality of organoleptik between the F1 cookies and cookies F2 from the aroma aspect (P = 0,003) and flavor (P = 0,013). U.Addition of rice bran and mackerel does not affect the quality of organoleptik from the color and tektur aspects, but can reduce the quality of organoleptik from the aroma and color aspects of cookies. It is necessary to reduce the concentration of bloated fish flour and add other ingredients that can mask the aroma and flavor of fish.

Treatment of adult lead poisoning with D-penicillamine

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Paeezi ◽  
Nasim Zamani ◽  
Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam ◽  
Shahin Shadnia ◽  
Naghmeh Zamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Poisoning ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of D-penicillamine in the treatment of lead poisoning mainly in the outpatient setting. Methods In a case series study performed during the recent epidemic of lead poisoning in Iran, lead-poisoned patients referring to our outpatient clinic were treated with 250-mg D-penicillamine capsules administered every 6 h for 5 or 10 days based on availability of the medication. They were recommended to re-check blood lead level (BLL) 4 weeks after cessation of the treatment and refer to our clinic again. Results In 63 patients with lead poisoning but without signs and symptoms of lead encephalopathy, median BLL was 106 [84, 131] μg/dL on presentation, which declined to a mean of 52.6 ± 28.8 μg/dL after a median treatment period of 7 [5, 10] days (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the 5- and 10-day treatment protocols regarding complications and recovery. Treatment had resulted in a median decrease of 54 μg/dL [33, 90] (range: −20 to 231 μg/dL) in the patients’ BLLs (33.9% declined in BLL measurements; range: −29.69% to 99.06%). Conclusions D-penicillamine may be an acceptable substitute treatment in adult lead poisoning. Although our sample size was limited, we could not detect any serious adverse effects in our cases showing that D-penicillamine resulted in acceptable recovery rates. This may be helpful especially in epidemics with limitations in antidote access.

Vector Analysis of Anticipated Residual Astigmatism and Actual Residual Astigmatism in Toric IOL Implantation using Callisto-Eye

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Kukuh Prasetyo ◽  
Ucok Pasaribu ◽  
Setiyobudi Riyanto ◽  
Johan Hutauruk
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Vector Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Toric Iol ◽  
Iol Implantation ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Refraction Vector

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the differences of actual residual astigmatism and anticipated residual astigmatism using Alpin’s Vector Analysis from toric IOL implantation using Image Guided System (Callisto EyeTM) and other method. Method: This was a retrospective case series study done in Jakarta Eyte Center. Data was taken consecutively from medical records of Toric IOL implantation from January 2016 to November 2017. Primary data taken were demographic data, anticipated residual astigmatism, refractive examination both subyectively and objectively. Secondary data was analized using Alpin’s Vector Analysis to substract anticipated residual astigmatism from actrual residual astigmatism. Spherical equivalent and axis shifting also taken from refractive ecamination results. Data was divided into subgrup of Toric IOL implantation using Image Guided System and subgrup of Toric IOL implantation using other method. Results: There was a statically significant difference of subjective refraction vector analysis result between subgroups with differnce of 0.312 dioptri (p value 0.004). Objective refraction vector analysis shows no statistically difference between two subgrups (p value 0.286). Spherical equivalent both subjectively and objectively not differ (p value 0.721 and 0,689). Axis shifting from refractive examination also not statistically significant differ between two subgrups (p value 0.432 and 0.358) Conclusion: Difference between actual residual astigmatism from subjective refraction and anticipated residual astigmatism is lower whrn usingCallisto EyeTM.

The Value of Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex in Determining the Maximum Comfort Level of a Cochlear Implant

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Cristina Lira de Andrade ◽  
Lilian Ferreira Muniz ◽  
Pedro de Lemos Menezes ◽  
Silvio da Silva Caldas Neto ◽  
Aline Tenório Lins Carnaúba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stapedius Reflex ◽  
Reflex Threshold ◽  
Maximum Comfort

AbstractOne of the most important steps for good user performance with a cochlear implant (CI) is activation and programming, aimed at determining the dynamic range. In adults, current levels are determined by psychophysical measures. In babies, small children, or individuals with multiple disorders, this procedure requires techniques that may provide inconsistent responses because of auditory inexperience or the age of the child, making it a very difficult process that demands the collaboration of both the patient and the family.To study the relationship between the electrically evoked stapedius reflex threshold (ESRT) and maximum comfort level for stimulating electrodes (C-level) in postoperative CI users.Cross-sectional analytical observational case series study.We assessed 24 patients of both sexes, aged between 18 and 68 yr, submitted to CI surgery.Otoscopy and immittance. Next, an implant speech processor connected to an Itautec® computer containing the manufacturer’s software (custom sound Ep 3–2) was used, as well as an AT 235h probe inserted into the ear contralateral to the CI to capture the stapedius reflex, obtaining electrically evoked stapedius reflex thresholds.Data from the last programming, defining C-levels for each electrode studied, were extracted from the databank of each patient. The manual decay function of the AT 235h middle ear analyzer was used to observe ESRT response in a same window for a longer response capture time. Electrodes 22, 16, 11, 6, and 1 were tested when active, with the aim of using electrodes over the entire length of the CI, and ESRT was considered present when compliance was ≥0.05 ml. Stimuli, in current units, were always initiated at 20 cu above the C-level. The analysis of variance parametric test, Tukey’s honest significant difference test, the t-test, Wilcoxon nonparametric test, and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test examined whether significant relationships existed between these other factors.The results demonstrate that all the electrodes selected for the study exhibited higher mean reflex threshold values than their mean C-level counterparts. However, there was no significant difference between them, for electrodes 1, 6, 11, and 16. The data provided allow the use of ESRT to define C-level values and make it possible to stipulate a correction factor ranging between 6 and 25.6 electrical units.The use of electrically evoked stapedius reflex thresholds can help the team in charge of programming CIs, making the process faster and safer, mainly for infants, small children, or individuals with multiple disorders.

scholarly journals Case-series study of hepatic echinococcal cysts in Serbia: viability of scolices, seropositivity and epidemiological characteristics

2017 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Colovic Calovski ◽  
A. Barac ◽  
Z. Golubovic ◽  
A. Karamarkovic ◽  
S. Mitrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Viability Test ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Balkan Region ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Series Study

AbstractCystic echinococcosis (CE) is an endemic helminthic disease caused by infection with Echinococcus granulosus metacestodes. Although CE is endemic in the Balkan region, the exact epidemiology remains unknown. We conducted a case-series study with the aim of evaluating the correlation between seropositivity, socio-epidemiological data, pre-operative treatment with albendazole and viability of protoscolices in human hepatic hydatid cysts. Consecutive patients with hepatic CE underwent surgery to extract E. granulosis cysts. The viability of protoscolices was measured by their ability to absorb 0.1% eosin. Socio-epidemiological data were collected and serological testing was performed. In the present study, 38 patients (28 adults and 10 children) with hepatic CE were treated surgically. The scolex viability test was positive in 30/38 (79%) samples. All patients with non-viable cysts had seronegative results. The viability test was positive in 11/12 (91.6%) adult patients with pre-operative albendazole treatment and in 9/10 (90%) children. Statistically more patients were from an urban area compared with a rural area (65.8% vs. 15.7%). The increasing number of stray dogs shedding E. granulosus eggs in urban public areas in the Balkans might be the reason for the significant difference in the rate of infection between urban and rural areas in the present study. In addition, uncontrolled slaughtering of livestock, common in rural settlements, and feeding the infected viscera to dogs, favour the maintenance of the parasite cycle. We believe that the results of our study will encourage physicians, veterinarians and health authorities to initiate a programme to prevent and control CE in the Balkan region.

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