scholarly journals The relationship between telomere length and mortality risk in non-model vertebrate systems: a meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1741) ◽  
pp. 20160447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael V. Wilbourn ◽  
Joshua P. Moatt ◽  
Hannah Froy ◽  
Craig A. Walling ◽  
Daniel H. Nussey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Telomere Length ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Laboratory Rodents ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Risk Association

Telomere length (TL) has become a biomarker of increasing interest within ecology and evolutionary biology, and has been found to predict subsequent survival in some recent avian studies but not others. Here, we undertake the first formal meta-analysis to test whether there is an overall association between TL and subsequent mortality risk in vertebrates other than humans and model laboratory rodents. We identified 27 suitable studies and obtained standardized estimates of the hazard ratio associated with TL from each. We performed a meta-analysis on these estimates and found an overall significant negative association implying that short telomeres are associated with increased mortality risk, which was robust to evident publication bias. While we found that heterogeneity in the hazard ratios was not explained by sex, follow-up period, maximum lifespan or the age group of the study animals, the TL–mortality risk association was stronger in studies using qPCR compared to terminal restriction fragment methodologies. Our results provide support for a consistent association between short telomeres and increased mortality risk in birds, but also highlight the need for more research into non-avian vertebrates and the reasons why different telomere measurement methods may yield different results. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Understanding diversity in telomere dynamics’.

scholarly journals The MicroRNAs as Prognostic Biomarkers for Survival in Esophageal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbo Fu ◽  
Lijuan Pang ◽  
Yunzhao Chen ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
Janbo Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Time Restrictions ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Mirnas Expression ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives.We performed this meta-analysis to summarize all the results from available studies, aiming delineating the prognostic role of miRNA in esophageal cancer.Design and Methods. We searched the electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science without time restrictions for the correlative literature to aggregate the survival results. Relevant data were extracted from studies investigating the relationship between miRNAs expression and survival in esophageal cancer patients. Pooled hazard ratios of miR-21and miR-375 for OS in ESCC were calculated.Results.A total of 25 studies involving 2,258 subjects analyzed the relationship between miRNA and prognosis of EC. In all, thirty-nine miRNAs associated with prognosis were reported in these studies. The pooled HR of higher miR-21 expression compared with lower miR-21 expression in ESCC was 1.84 (95% CI: 1.41–2.40,P<0.001), which could significantly predict poorer OS in ESCC. Besides, higher miR-375 was also a significant predictor for OS in ESCC, with a pooled HR of 0.55 (95% CI: 0.42–0.72,P<0.001).Conclusions.Our results support that miR-21 and miR-375 have a prognostic role in ESCC and may be useful therapeutic targets for the treatment of ESCC and meticulous follow-up for early detection of recurrence.

scholarly journals The relationship between pressure injury complication and mortality risk of older patients in follow‐up: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1533-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi‐Ping Song ◽  
Hong‐Wu Shen ◽  
Ji‐Yu Cai ◽  
Man‐Li Zha ◽  
Hong‐Lin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pressure Injury ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Association between kidney stones and risk of developing stroke: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Yuan ◽  
Huang-Yan Zhou ◽  
Fan Hu ◽  
Shi-Ying Liu ◽  
Wei Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Many studies have described the relationship between kidney stones and stroke, but the results are controversial, so we conducted this meta-analysis to estimate the relationship between kidney stones and the risk of developing stroke. Methods Studies were marked with a comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, Google, and ISI Web of Science databases through 25 March 2020. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted, and a random-effects model or fix-effects model was used to compute the pooled combined risk estimate. Heterogeneity was reported as I2. We performed subgroup and sensitivity analysis to assess potential sources of heterogeneity. Results Eight studies of seven articles involving 3,526,808 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, kidney stones were associated with a moderate risk of stroke incidence (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.11–1.40; I2=79.6%; p=0.000). We conducted a sensitivity analysis by removing the studies that had a high risk of bias. Heterogeneity subsequently decreased significantly, while an increased risk of stroke in patient with kidney stones was again demonstrated (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.11–1.23; I2=28.7%; p=0.000). Stratifying analysis showed that the results were more pronounced for ischemic stroke (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.08–1.22; I2=15.6%; p=0.00) and the follow-up duration ≥10 years (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.10–1.27; I2=31.6%; p=0.003). Conclusions Our meta-analysis suggests that patients with kidney stones may have a modestly increased risk of developing stroke, especially in ischemic stroke. More large-scaled and clinical trials should be done to identify the relative impact of kidney stones on stroke outcomes in the future.

Antipsychotic medication and long-term mortality risk in patients with schizophrenia; a systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (13) ◽  
pp. 2217-2228 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vermeulen ◽  
G. van Rooijen ◽  
P. Doedens ◽  
E. Numminen ◽  
M. van Tricht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Long Term Mortality

Patients with schizophrenia have a higher mortality risk than patients suffering from any other psychiatric disorder. Previous research is inconclusive regarding the association of antipsychotic treatment with long-term mortality risk. To this aim, we systematically reviewed the literature and performed a meta-analysis on the relationship between long-term mortality and exposure to antipsychotic medication in patients with schizophrenia. The objectives were to (i) determine long-term mortality rates in patients with schizophrenia using any antipsychotic medication; (ii) compare these with mortality rates of patients using no antipsychotics; (iii) explore the relationship between cumulative exposure and mortality; and (iv) assess causes of death. We systematically searched the EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases for studies that reported on mortality and antipsychotic medication and that included adults with schizophrenia using a follow-up design of more than 1 year. A total of 20 studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. These studies reported 23,353 deaths during 821,347 patient years in 133,929 unique patients. Mortality rates varied widely per study. Meta-analysis on a subgroup of four studies showed a consistent trend of an increased long-term mortality risk in schizophrenia patients who did not use antipsychotic medication during follow-up. We found a pooled risk ratio of 0.57 (LL:0.46 UL:0.76 p value <0.001) favouring any exposure to antipsychotics. Statiscal heterogeneity was found to be high (Q = 39.31, I2 = 92.37%, p value < 0.001). Reasons for the increased risk of death for patients with schizophrenia without antipsychotic medication require further research. Prospective validation studies, uniform measures of antipsychotic exposure and classified causes of death are commendable.

Association with Longevity of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Regulatory Subunit 1 Gene Variants Stems from Protection against Mortality Risk in Men with Cardiovascular Disease

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Timothy A. Donlon ◽  
Randi Chen ◽  
Kamal H. Masaki ◽  
Bradley J. Willcox ◽  
Brian J. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Regulatory Subunit ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽  
Survival Curves ◽  
Genotypic Effect ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Genetic variation in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reregulatory subunit 1 gene (<i>PIK3R1</i>) is associated with longevity. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of the study was to determine whether cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects this association. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We performed a longitudinal study of longevity-associated <i>PIK3R1</i> single-nucleotide polymorphism <i>rs7709243</i> genotype by CVD status in 3,584 elderly American men of Japanese ancestry. <b><i>Results:</i></b> At baseline (1991–1993), 2,254 subjects had CVD and 1,314 did not. The follow-up until Dec 31, 2019 found that overall, men with a CVD had higher mortality than men without a CVD (<i>p</i> = 1.7 × 10<sup>−5</sup>). However, survival curves of CVD subjects differed according to <i>PIK3R1</i> genotype. Those with longevity-associated <i>PIK3R1 TT</i>/<i>CC</i> had survival curves similar to those of subjects without a CVD (<i>p</i> = 0.11 for <i>TT</i>/<i>CC</i>, and <i>p</i> = 0.054 for <i>TC</i>), whereas survival curves for CVD subjects with the <i>CT</i> genotype were significantly attenuated compared with survival curves of subjects without a CVD (<i>p</i> = 0.0000012 compared with <i>TT</i>/<i>CC</i>, and <i>p</i> = 0.0000028 compared with <i>TC</i>). Men without CVD showed no association of longevity-associated genotype with life span (<i>p</i> = 0.58). Compared to subjects without any CVD, hazard ratios for mortality risk were 1.26 (95% CI, 1.14–1.39; <i>p</i> = 0.0000043) for <i>CT</i> subject with CVD and 1.07 (95% CI 0.99–1.17; <i>p</i> = 0.097) for <i>CC</i>/<i>TT</i> subjects with CVD. There was no genotypic effect on life span for 1,007 subjects with diabetes and 486 with cancer. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our study provides novel insights into the basis for <i>PIK3R1</i> as a longevity gene. We suggest that the <i>PIK3R1</i> longevity genotype attenuates mortality risk in at-risk individuals by protection against cellular stress caused by CVD.

Abstract 13315: Long-term Risk of Cardiovascular Events Following Hospitalization for Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah B Kosyakovsky ◽  
Federico Angriman ◽  
Emma Katz ◽  
Neill Adhikari ◽  
Lucas C Godoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sepsis Survivors ◽  
Risk Ratios

Introduction: Sepsis results in dysregulated inflammation, coagulation, and metabolism, which may contribute to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association between sepsis and subsequent long-term CVD events. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from inception to May 2020 to identify observational studies of adult sepsis survivors (defined by diagnostic codes or consensus definitions) measuring long-term CV outcomes. The primary outcome was a composite of myocardial infarction, CV death, and stroke. Random-effects models estimated the pooled cumulative incidence and adjusted hazard ratios of CV events relative to hospital or population controls. Odds ratios were included as risk ratios assuming <10% incidence in non-septic controls, and risk ratios were taken as hazard ratios (HR) assuming no censoring. Outcomes were analyzed at maximum follow-up (primary analysis) and stratified by time (<1 year, 1-2 years, and >2 years) since sepsis. Results: Of 11,235 abstracts screened, 25 studies (22 cohort studies, 2 case-crossover studies, and 1 case-control) involving 1,949,793 sepsis survivors were included. The pooled cumulative incidence of CVD events was 9% (95% CI; 5-14%). Sepsis was associated with an increased risk (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.37-1.86) of CVD events at maximum follow-up ( Figure ); between-study heterogeneity was substantial (I 2 =97.3%). There was no significant difference when comparing studies using population and hospital controls. Significantly elevated risk was observed up to 5 years following sepsis. Conclusions: Sepsis survivors experience an approximately 50% increased risk of CVD events, which may persist for years following the index episode. These results highlight a potential unmet need for early cardiac risk stratification and optimization in sepsis survivors.

scholarly journals Long non-coding RNA FTX predicts a poor prognosis of human cancers: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Chen ◽  
Yuting Li ◽  
Liliangzi Guo ◽  
Chenxing Zhang ◽  
Shaohui Tang
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Background: Several studies have assessed the relationship between long non-coding RNA five prime to Xist (FTX) expression, clinicopathological features, and survival outcomes in cancer patients with conflicting results. This meta-analysis synthesized existing data to clarify the association between FTX with cancer prognosis.Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Chinese CNKI, and the Chinese WanFang databases were used to search for relevant studies. Role of FTX in cancers was evaluated by pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: Eleven studies comprising 1,210 participants including colorectal cancer (CRC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gastric cancer (GC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), osteosarcoma (OSC), and glioma were enrolled in this analysis. The meta-analysis showed that high FTX expression was significantly associated with several clinicopathological characteristics, including lymph node metastasis in patients with CRC, GC, HCC, and RCC, distant metastasis in patients with CRC, GC, HCC, and OSC, larger tumor size in patients with CRC, GC, HCC, RCC, and OSC, and subsequently TNM/clinical stage in patients with CRC, GC, HCC, OSC, and glioma. The pooled results from the survival analysis revealed a significant correlation between high FTX expression and shorter OS in patients with HCC, CRC, GC, OSC, and glioma. Further, FTX overexpression could be an independent predictive marker for shorter OS in patients with CRC, HCC, OSC, and glioma. Conclusions: FTX may be a potential oncogene, with high FTX expression being associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with CRC, HCC, OSC, and glioma

scholarly journals Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as a risk factor for mortality in peruvian adults with chronic kidney disease.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Umeres-Francia1 ◽  
María Rojas-Fernández ◽  
Percy Herrera Añazco ◽  
Vicente Benites-Zapata
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crude Analysis

Objective: To assess the association between NLR and PLR with all-cause mortality in Peruvian patients with CKD Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in adults with CKD in stages 1 to 5. The outcome variable was mortality and as variables of exposure to NLR and PLR. Both ratios were categorized as high with a cut-off point of 3.5 and 232.5; respectively. We carried out a Cox regression model and calculated crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with their 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results: We analyzed 343 participants with a median follow-up time of 2.45 years (2.08-3.08). The frequency of deaths was 17.5% (n=60). In the crude analysis, the high NLR and PLR were significantly associated with all-cause mortality (HR=2.01; 95% CI:1.11-3.66) and (HR=2.58; 95% CI:1.31-5.20). In the multivariate model, after adjusting for age, sex, serum creatinine, CKD stage, albumin and hemoglobin, the high NLR and PLR remained as an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality, (HR=2.10; 95% CI:1.11-3.95) and (HR=2.71; 95% CI:1.28-5.72). Conclusion: Our study suggests the relationship between high NLR and PLR with all-cause mortality in patients with CKD.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Beta-Blockers in Patients With Long QT Syndrome 1–3 According to Individuals’ Gender, Age, and QTc Intervals: A Network Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Han ◽  
Fuxiang Liu ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Tao Qing ◽  
Zhenyu Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Qt Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Long Qt ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Qt Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an arrhythmic heart disease caused by congenital genetic mutations, and results in increased occurrence rates of polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Clinical evidence from numerous previous studies suggested that beta blockers (BBs), including atenolol, propranolol, metoprolol, and nadolol, exhibit different efficacies for reducing the risk of cardiac events (CEs), such as syncope, arrest cardiac arrest (ACA), and SCD, in patients with LQTS. In this study, we identified relevant studies in MEDLINE, PubMed, embase, and Cochrane databases and performed a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between the rate of CEs and LQTS individuals with confounding variables, including different gender, age, and QTc intervals. Moreover, a network meta-analysis was not only established to evaluate the effectiveness of different BBs, but also to provide the ranked efficacies of BBs treatment for preventing the recurrence of CEs in LQT1 and LQT2 patients. In conclusion, nadolol was recommended as a relatively effective strategy for LQT2 in order to improve the prognosis of patients during a long follow-up period.

scholarly journals Association of Cancer and the Risk of Developing Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yuan ◽  
Zhiwei Zhang ◽  
Gary Tse ◽  
Xiaojin Feng ◽  
Panagiotis Korantzopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Solid Cancer ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Onset Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Embolic Risk

Aims. Previous studies have demonstrated epidemiological evidence for an association between cancer and the development of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). However, these results have been conflicting. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between cancer and the risk of developing atrial fibrillation. Methods. PubMed and Web of Science were searched for publications examining the association between cancer and atrial fibrillation risk published until June 2017. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI were extracted and pooled. Results. A total of five studies involving 5,889,234 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. Solid cancer patients are at higher risk developing atrial fibrillation compared to noncancer patients (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.31 to 1.66, p<0.00001; I2 = 67%, p=0.02). The risk of atrial fibrillation was highest within 90 days of cancer diagnosis (OR 7.62, 95% CI 3.08 to 18.88, p<0.00001) and this risk diminished with time. Conclusions. The risk of AF was highest within 90 days of cancer diagnosis. We should take into account the increased risk of atrial fibrillation development and, after this, study the embolic risk and potential indication of oral anticoagulation.

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